A van der Waals antiferromagnetic topological insulator with weak interlayer magnetic coupling

Hu, Chaowei; Gordon, Kyle; Liu, Pengfei; Liu, Jinyu; Zhou, Xiaoqing; Hao, Peipei; Narayan, Dushyant; Emmanouilidou, Eve; Sun, Hongyi; Liu, Yuntian; Brawer, Harlan; Ramirez, Arthur; Ding, Lei; Cao, Huibo; Liu, Qihang; Dessau, Dan; Ni, Ni

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13814-x

Title: A van der Waals antiferromagnetic topological insulator with weak interlayer magnetic coupling

Journal Article · 07 January 2020 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13814-x · OSTI ID:1606670

^[1]; Gordon, Kyle ^[2]; Liu, Pengfei ^[3]; Liu, Jinyu ^[3];

^[2]; Hao, Peipei ^[2]; Narayan, Dushyant ^[2]; Emmanouilidou, Eve ^[1]; Sun, Hongyi ^[3]; Liu, Yuntian ^[3]; Brawer, Harlan ^[1]; Ramirez, Arthur ^[4];

^[5];

^[5]; Liu, Qihang ^[3];

^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Southern Univ. of Science and Technology, Shenzhen (China)
Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Magnetic topological insulators (TI) provide an important material platform to explore quantum phenomena such as quantized anomalous Hall effect and Majorana modes, etc. Their successful material realization is thus essential for our fundamental understanding and potential technical revolutions. By realizing a bulk van der Waals material MnBi₄Te₇ with alternating septuple [MnBi₂Te₄] and quintuple [Bi₂Te₃] layers, we show that it is ferromagnetic in plane but antiferromagnetic along the c axis with an out-of-plane saturation field of ~0.22 T at 2 K. Our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and first-principles calculations further demonstrate that MnBi₄Te₇ is a Z2 antiferromagnetic TI with two types of surface states associated with the [MnBi₂Te₄] or [Bi₂Te₃] termination, respectively. Additionally, its superlattice nature may make various heterostructures of [MnBi₂Te₄] and [Bi₂Te₃] layers possible by exfoliation. Therefore, the low saturation field and the superlattice nature of MnBi₄Te₇ make it an ideal system to investigate rich emergent phenomena.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0011978

OSTI ID:: 1606670

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 11; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (71)

Organ-specific or personalized treatment for COVID-19: rationale, evidence, and potential candidates Mousavi, Seyedeh Zahra; Rahmanian, Mojdeh; Sami, Ashkan Functional & Integrative Genomics, Vol. 22, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-022-00841-z	journal	March 2022
An updated version of wannier90: A tool for obtaining maximally-localised Wannier functions Mostofi, Arash A.; Yates, Jonathan R.; Pizzi, Giovanni Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 185, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2014.05.003	journal	August 2014
Novel ternary layered manganese bismuth tellurides of the MnTe-Bi2Te3 system: Synthesis and crystal structure Aliev, Ziya S.; Amiraslanov, Imamaddin R.; Nasonova, Daria I. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 789 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.03.030	journal	June 2019
Crystal structure, properties and nanostructuring of a new layered chalcogenide semiconductor, Bi2MnTe4 Lee, Dong Sun; Kim, Tae-Hoon; Park, Cheol-Hee CrystEngComm, Vol. 15, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ce40643a	journal	January 2013
Molecular beam epitaxy growth and structure of self-assembled Bi 2 Se 3 /Bi 2 MnSe 4 multilayer heterostructures Hagmann, Joseph A.; Li, Xiang; Chowdhury, Sugata New Journal of Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aa759c	journal	August 2017
Highly-ordered wide bandgap materials for quantized anomalous Hall and magnetoelectric effects Otrokov, M. M.; Menshchikova, T. V.; Vergniory, M. G. 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa6bec	journal	April 2017
Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I Anisimov, Vladimir I.; Zaanen, Jan; Andersen, Ole K. Physical Review B, Vol. 44, Issue 3, p. 943-954 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.44.943	journal	July 1991
Antiferromagnetic topological insulators Mong, Roger S. K.; Essin, Andrew M.; Moore, Joel E. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.81.245209	journal	June 2010
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234414	journal	March 2013
Chemical Aspects of the Candidate Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator $MnBi_{2}Te_{4}$ Zeugner, Alexander; Nietschke, Frederik; Wolter, Anja U. B. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2021-02700	text	January 2019
Hexagonal Warping Effects in the Surface States of Topological Insulator Bi$_2$Te$_3$ Fu, Liang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0908.1418	text	January 2009
Computing topological invariants without inversion symmetry Soluyanov, Alexey A.; Vanderbilt, David arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1102.5600	text	January 2011
Separating the bulk and surface n- to p-type transition in the topological insulator GeBi(4-x)SbxTe7 Muff, Stefan; von Rohr, Fabian; Landolt, Gabriel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1304.7648	text	January 2013
Van der Waals heterostructures Geim, A. K.; Grigorieva, I. V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1307.6718	text	January 2013
Quantum Hall effect in a bulk antiferromagnet EuMnBi$_2$ with magnetically confined two-dimensional Dirac fermions Masuda, H.; Sakai, H.; Tokunaga, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.04127	text	January 2017
Large-gap magnetic topological heterostructure formed by subsurface incorporation of a ferromagnetic layer Hirahara, Toru; Eremeev, Sergey V.; Shirasawa, Tetsuroh arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1709.02004	text	January 2017
Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Computational Materials Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 15-50 https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0	journal	July 1996
An updated version of wannier90: A tool for obtaining maximally-localised Wannier functions Mostofi, Arash A.; Yates, Jonathan R.; Pizzi, Giovanni Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 185, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2014.05.003	journal	August 2014
WannierTools: An open-source software package for novel topological materials Wu, QuanSheng; Zhang, ShengNan; Song, Hai-Feng Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 224 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2017.09.033	journal	March 2018
Novel ternary layered manganese bismuth tellurides of the MnTe-Bi2Te3 system: Synthesis and crystal structure Aliev, Ziya S.; Amiraslanov, Imamaddin R.; Nasonova, Daria I. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 789 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.03.030	journal	June 2019
Chemical Aspects of the Candidate Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Zeugner, Alexander; Nietschke, Frederik; Wolter, Anja U. B. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b05017	journal	March 2019
Large-Gap Magnetic Topological Heterostructure Formed by Subsurface Incorporation of a Ferromagnetic Layer Hirahara, Toru; Eremeev, Sergey V.; Shirasawa, Tetsuroh Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00560	journal	May 2017
Van der Waals heterostructures Geim, A. K.; Grigorieva, I. V. Nature, Vol. 499, Issue 7459, p. 419-425 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12385	journal	July 2013
Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimer Kunitski, Maksim; Eicke, Nicolas; Huber, Pia Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07882-8	journal	January 2019
Voltage- and time-dependent valence state transition in cobalt oxide catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction Zhou, Jing; Zhang, Linjuan; Huang, Yu-Cheng Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15925-2	journal	April 2020
Reducing Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and field-free spin-orbit torque switching in synthetic antiferromagnets Chen, Ruyi; Cui, Qirui; Liao, Liyang Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23414-3	journal	May 2021
High-resolution X-ray luminescence extension imaging Ou, Xiangyu; Qin, Xian; Huang, Bolong Nature, Vol. 590, Issue 7846 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03251-6	journal	February 2021
Magnetic topological insulators Tokura, Yoshinori; Yasuda, Kenji; Tsukazaki, Atsushi Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-018-0011-5	journal	January 2019
Crystal structure, properties and nanostructuring of a new layered chalcogenide semiconductor, Bi2MnTe4 Lee, Dong Sun; Kim, Tae-Hoon; Park, Cheol-Hee CrystEngComm, Vol. 15, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ce40643a	journal	January 2013
Experimental Realization of an Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulator ^* Gong, Yan; Guo, Jingwen; Li, Jiaheng Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/36/7/076801	journal	June 2019
Molecular beam epitaxy growth and structure of self-assembled Bi 2 Se 3 /Bi 2 MnSe 4 multilayer heterostructures Hagmann, Joseph A.; Li, Xiang; Chowdhury, Sugata New Journal of Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aa759c	journal	August 2017
Highly-ordered wide bandgap materials for quantized anomalous Hall and magnetoelectric effects Otrokov, M. M.; Menshchikova, T. V.; Vergniory, M. G. 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa6bec	journal	April 2017
Evolution of structural, magnetic, and transport properties in MnBi 2 − x Sb x Te 4 Yan, J. -Q.; Okamoto, S.; McGuire, M. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.104409	journal	September 2019
Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic MnBi 2 Te 4 (0001) Vidal, R. C.; Bentmann, H.; Peixoto, T. R. F. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.121104	journal	September 2019
Gapless Dirac surface states in the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 Swatek, Przemyslaw; Wu, Yun; Wang, Lin-Lin Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.161109	journal	April 2020
Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I Anisimov, Vladimir I.; Zaanen, Jan; Andersen, Ole K. Physical Review B, Vol. 44, Issue 3, p. 943-954 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.44.943	journal	July 1991
Maximally localized generalized Wannier functions for composite energy bands Marzari, Nicola; Vanderbilt, David Physical Review B, Vol. 56, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.56.12847	journal	November 1997
Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study Dudarev, S. L.; Botton, G. A.; Savrasov, S. Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 1505-1509 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.57.1505	journal	January 1998
From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method Kresse, G.; Joubert, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 3, p. 1758-1775 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758	journal	January 1999
Topological insulators with inversion symmetry Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L. Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.045302	journal	July 2007
Antiferromagnetic topological insulators Mong, Roger S. K.; Essin, Andrew M.; Moore, Joel E. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.245209	journal	June 2010
Computing topological invariants without inversion symmetry Soluyanov, Alexey A.; Vanderbilt, David Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.235401	journal	June 2011
Separating the bulk and surface n - to p -type transition in the topological insulator GeBi 4 − x Sb x Te 7 Muff, Stefan; von Rohr, Fabian; Landolt, Gabriel Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.035407	journal	July 2013
Anomalous Hall effect in the van der Waals bonded ferromagnet Fe 3 − x GeTe 2 Liu, Yu; Stavitski, Eli; Attenkofer, Klaus Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.165415	journal	April 2018
Dirac semimetal in type-IV magnetic space groups Hua, Guiyuan; Nie, Simin; Song, Zhida Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.201116	journal	November 2018
Transport properties of thin flakes of the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnB i 2 T e 4 Cui, Jianhua; Shi, Mengzhu; Wang, Honghui Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.155125	journal	April 2019
Hexagonal Warping Effects in the Surface States of the Topological Insulator Bi 2 Te 3 Fu, Liang Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.266801	journal	December 2009
Unique Thickness-Dependent Properties of the van der Waals Interlayer Antiferromagnet MnBi 2 Te 4 Films Otrokov, M. M.; Rusinov, I. P.; Blanco-Rey, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.107202	journal	March 2019
Topological Axion States in the Magnetic Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 with the Quantized Magnetoelectric Effect Zhang, Dongqin; Shi, Minji; Zhu, Tongshuai Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.206401	journal	May 2019
Rational Design Principles of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Superlatticelike Magnetic Topological Insulators Sun, Hongyi; Xia, Bowen; Chen, Zhongjia Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.096401	journal	August 2019
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Magnetic behavior and spin-lattice coupling in cleavable van der Waals layered CrCl 3 crystals McGuire, Michael A.; Clark, Genevieve; Kc, Santosh Physical Review Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.014001	journal	June 2017
Crystal growth and magnetic structure of MnBi 2 Te 4 Yan, J. -Q.; Zhang, Q.; Heitmann, T. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.064202	journal	June 2019
Structural distortion and incommensurate noncollinear magnetism in EuAg 4 As 2 Shen, Bing; Hu, Chaowei; Cao, Huibo Physical Review Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.4.064419	journal	June 2020
Spin scattering and noncollinear spin structure-induced intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnB i 2 T e 4 Lee, Seng Huat; Zhu, Yanglin; Wang, Yu Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.012011	journal	August 2019
Quantum Hall effect in a bulk antiferromagnet EuMnBi ₂ with magnetically confined two-dimensional Dirac fermions Masuda, Hidetoshi; Sakai, Hideaki; Tokunaga, Masashi Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501117	journal	January 2016
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators in van der Waals layered MnBi ₂ Te ₄ -family materials Li, Jiaheng; Li, Yang; Du, Shiqiao Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw5685	journal	June 2019
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234414	journal	March 2013
Effect of different resumption strategies to flatten the potential COVID-19 outbreaks amid society reopens: a modeling study in China Ge, Yong; Zhang, Wen-Bin; Wang, Jianghao BMC Public Health, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10624-z	journal	March 2021
Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimer Kunitski, Maksim; Eicke, Nicolas; Huber, Pia GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Darmstadt https://doi.org/10.15120/gsi-2019-01156	text	January 2019
Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimer Kunitski, Maksim; Eicke, Nicolas; Huber, Pia London : Nature Publishing Group https://doi.org/10.15488/5174	other	January 2019
Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic $MnBi_{2}Te_{4}$ (0001) Vidal, R. C.; Bentmann, H.; Peixoto, T. R. F. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-03496	text	January 2019
Computing topological invariants without inversion symmetry Soluyanov, Alexey A.; Vanderbilt, David arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1102.5600	text	January 2011
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, Cui-Zu; Zhang, Jinsong; Feng, Xiao arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.08829	text	January 2016
Quantum Hall effect in a bulk antiferromagnet EuMnBi$_2$ with magnetically confined two-dimensional Dirac fermions Masuda, H.; Sakai, H.; Tokunaga, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.04127	text	January 2017
WannierTools: An open-source software package for novel topological materials Wu, QuanSheng; Zhang, ShengNan; Song, Hai-Feng arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.07789	text	January 2017
Anomalous Hall effect in van der Waals bonded ferromagnet Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$ Liu, Yu; Stavitski, Eli; Attenkofer, Klaus arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.06392	text	January 2018
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators in van der Waals layered MnBi$_2$Te$_4$-family materials Li, Jiaheng; Li, Yang; Du, Shiqiao arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.08608	text	January 2018
Experimental realization of an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Gong, Yan; Guo, Jingwen; Li, Jiaheng arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.07926	text	January 2018
WannierTools: An open-source software package for novel topological materials Wu, QuanSheng; Zhang, ShengNan; Song, Hai-Feng Elsevier https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-159719	text	January 2018

Cited By (2)

Topological Aspects of Antiferromagnets Bonbien, V.; Zhuo, Fengjun; Salimath, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2102.01632	text	January 2021
Crystal and magnetic structures of magnetic topological insulators MnBi 2 Te 4 and MnBi 4 Te 7 Ding, Lei; Hu, Chaowei; Ye, Feng Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.020412	journal	January 2020

Similar Records

Role of nonmagnetic spacers in the magnetic interactions of antiferromagnetic topological insulators MnBi₄⁢Te₇ and MnBi₂⁢Te₄

Journal Article · 2025 · Physical Review. B · OSTI ID:2538103

Li, Bing; Pajerowski, Daniel M.; Yan, Jiaqiang Q.; +1 more

Direct Visualization of Surface Spin-Flip Transition in MnBi4Te7

Journal Article · 2022 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1885047

Ge, Wenbo; Kim, Jinwoong; Chan, Ying-Ting; +3 more

Large Magnetic Gap in a Designer Ferromagnet–Topological Insulator–Ferromagnet Heterostructure

Journal Article · 2022 · Advanced Materials · OSTI ID:1860440

Li, Qile; Trang, Chi Xuan; Wu, Weikang; +6 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS

Title: A van der Waals antiferromagnetic topological insulator with weak interlayer magnetic coupling

Citation Formats

References (71)

Cited By (2)

Similar Records

Related Subjects