The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars

Chan, Victor C.; Bovy, Jo

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa571

Title: The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars

Abstract

ABSTRACT The systematic offset of Gaia parallaxes has been widely reported with Gaia’s second data release, and it is expected to persist in future Gaia data. In order to use Gaia parallaxes to infer distances to high precision, we develop a hierarchical probabilistic model to determine the Gaia parallax zero-point offset along with the calibration of an empirical model for luminosity of red clump stars by combining astrometric and photometric measurements. Using a cross-matched sample of red clump stars from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2), we report the parallax zero-point offset in DR2 to be $$\varpi _0 = -48 \pm 1\,\mu \text{as}$$. We infer the red clump absolute magnitude to be −1.622 ± 0.004 in Ks, 0.435 ± 0.004 in G, −1.019 ± 0.004 in J, and −1.516 ± 0.004 in H. The intrinsic scatter of the red clump is ∼0.09 mag in J, H, and Ks, or ∼ 0.12 mag in G. We tailor our models to accommodate more complex analyses such as investigating the variations of the parallax zero-point with each source’s observed magnitude, observed colour, and sky position. In particular, we find fluctuations of the zero-point across the sky to be of order or less than a few 10s of $$\mu \text{as}$$.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]

David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

Publication Date:: Thu Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2020

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1605035

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 493 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University Press

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Chan, Victor C., and Bovy, Jo. The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1093/mnras/staa571.

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                    Chan, Victor C., & Bovy, Jo. The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa571

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                    Chan, Victor C., and Bovy, Jo. Thu .  
"The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa571.

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@article{osti_1605035,

  title        = {The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars},

  author       = {Chan, Victor C. and Bovy, Jo},

  abstractNote = {ABSTRACT The systematic offset of Gaia parallaxes has been widely reported with Gaia’s second data release, and it is expected to persist in future Gaia data. In order to use Gaia parallaxes to infer distances to high precision, we develop a hierarchical probabilistic model to determine the Gaia parallax zero-point offset along with the calibration of an empirical model for luminosity of red clump stars by combining astrometric and photometric measurements. Using a cross-matched sample of red clump stars from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2), we report the parallax zero-point offset in DR2 to be $\varpi _0 = -48 \pm 1\,\mu \text{as}$. We infer the red clump absolute magnitude to be −1.622 ± 0.004 in Ks, 0.435 ± 0.004 in G, −1.019 ± 0.004 in J, and −1.516 ± 0.004 in H. The intrinsic scatter of the red clump is ∼0.09 mag in J, H, and Ks, or ∼ 0.12 mag in G. We tailor our models to accommodate more complex analyses such as investigating the variations of the parallax zero-point with each source’s observed magnitude, observed colour, and sky position. In particular, we find fluctuations of the zero-point across the sky to be of order or less than a few 10s of $\mu \text{as}$.},

  doi          = {10.1093/mnras/staa571},

  journal      = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 493,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {Thu Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Thu Feb 27 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars

Abstract

Citation Formats

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment journal, April 2018

Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction journal, January 1999

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Spectral Irradiance Calibration in the Infrared. XIV. The Absolute Calibration of 2MASS journal, August 2003

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Sdss-Iii: Massive Spectroscopic Surveys of the Distant Universe, the Milky way, and Extra-Solar Planetary Systems journal, August 2011

The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) journal, February 2006

Gaia Data Release 2 : Summary of the contents and survey properties journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : The astrometric solution journal, August 2018

Estimating Distances from Parallaxes journal, October 2015

Aspcap: the Apogee Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline journal, May 2016

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) journal, August 2017

The Gaia mission journal, November 2016

HEALPix: A Framework for High‐Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere journal, April 2005

Milky Way Cepheid Standards for Measuring Cosmic Distances and Application to Gaia DR2: Implications for the Hubble Constant journal, July 2018

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) Spectrographs journal, March 2019

The Apogee Red-Clump Catalog: Precise Distances, Velocities, and High-Resolution Elemental Abundances over a Large area of the Milky Way'S disk journal, July 2014

parsec : stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code journal, October 2012

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New light on the Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: influence of the asteroseismic approach, in and beyond the Kepler field journal, August 2019

Deep learning of multi-element abundances from high-resolution spectroscopic data journal, November 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : Kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way★ journal, August 2018

Impact of basic angle variations on the parallax zero point for a scanning astrometric satellite journal, July 2017

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing of the photometric data journal, August 2018

Confirmation of the Gaia DR2 Parallax Zero-point Offset Using Asteroseismology and Spectroscopy in the Kepler Field journal, June 2019

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
journal, April 2018

Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction
journal, January 1999

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journal, June 2017

Gaia Data Release 2 : Catalogue validation
journal, August 2018

Abundances, Stellar Parameters, and Spectra from the Sdss-Iii/Apogee Survey
journal, October 2015

Spectral Irradiance Calibration in the Infrared. XIV. The Absolute Calibration of 2MASS
journal, August 2003

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
journal, June 2017

Sdss-Iii: Massive Spectroscopic Surveys of the Distant Universe, the Milky way, and Extra-Solar Planetary Systems
journal, August 2011

The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)
journal, February 2006

Gaia Data Release 2 : Summary of the contents and survey properties
journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : The astrometric solution
journal, August 2018

Estimating Distances from Parallaxes
journal, October 2015

Aspcap: the Apogee Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline
journal, May 2016

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
journal, August 2017

The Gaia mission
journal, November 2016

HEALPix: A Framework for High‐Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
journal, April 2005

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journal, July 2018

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) Spectrographs
journal, March 2019

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journal, July 2014

parsec : stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code
journal, October 2012

Stan : A Probabilistic Programming Language
journal, January 2017

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journal, April 2019

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journal, September 2018

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journal, November 2016

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journal, September 2011

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journal, March 2017

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Evidence for a Systematic Offset of −80 μ as in the Gaia DR2 Parallaxes
journal, July 2018

Testing Systematics of Gaia DR2 Parallaxes with Empirical Surface Brightness: Color Relations Applied to Eclipsing Binaries
journal, February 2019

Simultaneous calibration of spectro-photometric distances and the Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point offset with deep learning
journal, August 2019

New light on the Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: influence of the asteroseismic approach, in and beyond the Kepler field
journal, August 2019

Deep learning of multi-element abundances from high-resolution spectroscopic data
journal, November 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : Kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way★
journal, August 2018

Impact of basic angle variations on the parallax zero point for a scanning astrometric satellite
journal, July 2017

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing of the photometric data
journal, August 2018

Confirmation of the Gaia DR2 Parallax Zero-point Offset Using Asteroseismology and Spectroscopy in the Kepler Field
journal, June 2019