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Title: Attosecond pulse shaping using a seeded free-electron laser

Journal Article · · Nature (London)
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  1. Albert-Ludwigs-Univ., Freiburg (Germany)
  2. The National Research Council (CNR), Trieste (Italy). Inst. of Structure of Matter (ISM)
  3. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste (Italy)
  4. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste (Italy); Lab. Nazionali di Frascati, Rome (Italy). Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  5. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste (Italy); Univ. of Nova Gorica (Slovenia)
  6. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  7. Univ. of Gothenburg (Sweden)
  8. Technische Univ. Wien, Vienna (Austria)
  9. Politecnico di Milano (Italy)
  10. European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld (Germany)
  11. Lund Univ. (Sweden)
  12. ELI-ALPS, Szeged (Hungary)
  13. Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan)
  14. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States)
  15. Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Moscow (Russia)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Attosecond pulses are central to the investigation of valence- and core-electron dynamics on their natural timescales. The reproducible generation and characterization of attosecond waveforms has been demonstrated so far only through the process of high-order harmonic generation. Several methods for shaping attosecond waveforms have been proposed, including the use of metallic filters, multilayer mirrors and manipulation of the driving field. However, none of these approaches allows the flexible manipulation of the temporal characteristics of the attosecond waveforms, and they suffer from the low conversion efficiency of the high-order harmonic generation process. Free-electron lasers, by contrast, deliver femtosecond, extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray pulses with energies ranging from tens of microjoules to a few millijoules. Recent experiments have shown that they can generate subfemtosecond spikes, but with temporal characteristics that change shot-to-shot. In this paper we report reproducible generation of high-energy (microjoule level) attosecond waveforms using a seeded free-electron laser. We demonstrate amplitude and phase manipulation of the harmonic components of an attosecond pulse train in combination with an approach for its temporal reconstruction. The results presented here open the way to performing attosecond time-resolved experiments with free-electron lasers.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); European Union’s Horizon 2020; Italian Ministry of Research; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT); Cooperative Research Program; The National Research Council (CNR); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); IMRAM Project; Swedish Research Council (VR); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Foundation for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics and Mathematics; German Research Foundation (DFG)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; 641789 MEDEA; SFB925/1; SC0010431
OSTI ID:
1604577
Journal Information:
Nature (London), Vol. 578, Issue 7795; ISSN 0028-0836
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 92 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (29)

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Amplitude and Phase Control of Attosecond Light Pulses journal January 2005
Observation and Control of Laser-Enabled Auger Decay journal August 2017
Interferometric Autocorrelation of an Attosecond Pulse Train in the Single-Cycle Regime journal October 2006
Multiple ionization of argon via multi-XUV-photon absorption induced by 20-GW high-order harmonic laser pulses journal August 2018
Attosecond nonlinear optics using gigawatt-scale isolated attosecond pulses journal October 2013
Coherent soft X-ray pulses from an echo-enabled harmonic generation free-electron laser journal May 2019
Attosecond physics journal February 2009
Observation of a Train of Attosecond Pulses from High Harmonic Generation journal June 2001
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Coherent control with a short-wavelength free-electron laser journal February 2016
Highly coherent and stable pulses from the FERMI seeded free-electron laser in the extreme ultraviolet journal September 2012
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Femtosecond all-optical synchronization of an X-ray free-electron laser journal January 2015
Recent results of PADReS, the Photon Analysis Delivery and REduction System, from the FERMI FEL commissioning and user operations journal April 2015
Attosecond time–energy structure of X-ray free-electron laser pulses journal March 2018
Generating Single-Spike Hard X-Ray Pulses with Nonlinear Bunch Compression in Free-Electron Lasers journal October 2017
Attosecond Synchronization of High-Harmonic Soft X-rays journal November 2003
Direct observation of attosecond light bunching journal November 2003
Attosecond dispersion control by extreme ultraviolet multilayer mirrors journal January 2011
Towards jitter-free pump-probe measurements at seeded free electron laser facilities journal January 2014
Method of an enhanced self-amplified spontaneous emission for x-ray free electron lasers journal April 2005

Cited By (3)

Attosecond resolution from free running interferometric measurements conference January 2020
Attosecond resolution from free running interferometric measurements journal January 2020
Spectrotemporal control of soft x-ray laser pulses journal June 2020

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Free-electron lasers
High-harmonic generation
Ultrafast lasers