Optimized Integration of Electric Vehicles in Low Voltage Distribution Grids

Journal Article · 25 October 2019 · Energies

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en12214059 · OSTI ID:1604573

Spitzer, Martin ^[1]; Schlund, Jonas  ^[1]; Apostolaki-Iosifidou, Elpiniki ^[2]; Pruckner, Marco ^[1]

---

1. Friedrich-Alexander Univ. (Germany)
2. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

All over the world the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in the transportation sector, becomes more and more important. Electric vehicles will be one of the key factors to mitigate GHG emissions due to their higher efficiency in contrast to internal combustion engine vehicles. On the other hand, uncoordinated charging will put more strain on electrical distribution grids and possible congestions in the grid become more likely. In this paper, we analyze the impact of uncoordinated charging, as well as optimization-based coordination strategies on the voltage stability and phase unbalances of a representative European semi-urban low voltage grid. Therefore, we model the low voltage grid as a three-phase system and take realistic arrival and departure times of the electric vehicle fleet into account. Subsequently, we compare different coordinated charging strategies with regard to their optimization objectives, e.g., cost reduction or GHG emissions reduction. Results show that possible congestion problems can be solved by coordinated charging. Additionally, depending on the objective, the costs can be reduced by more than 50% and the GHG emissions by around 40%.

• Research Organization: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-76SF00515
• OSTI ID: 1604573
• Journal Information: Energies, Vol. 12, Issue 21; ISSN 1996-1073
• Publisher: MDPI AGCopyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English