Title: A Quantitative Failure Analysis on Capacity Fade in Rechargeable Lithium Metal Cells

Abstract

This is a revision from the manuscript titled: "Thermodynamic State-based Failure Mode and Effect Analysis on Variability of Capacity Retention in Rechargeable Lithium Metal Cells" which was submitted to Joule, but was rejected in August 2019. The original abstract was: "A precise and accurate quantitative failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) on 14 rechargeable Li metal || NMC-622 cells’ capacity fade during cycle aging is illustrated. Here we use thermodynamic state-based FMEA to quantify active materials utilization and loss. The method allows us quantify detailed variability in capacity fade and Li loss among 14 cells. The analysis provides meaningful explanations to the underlying mechanisms in the degradation of the Li metal electrodes with various degrees of “dead Li” formation and Li transport issues that affect the cycle life performance. The results highlight the novelty and potential of this FMEA approach to improve future battery design and reliable operation of battery systems." The revised manuscript, which is intended to be submitted to Journal of the Electrochemical Society; has been changed to the new title: "A Quantitative Failure Analysis on Capacity Fade in Rechargeable Lithium Metal Cells." The abstract has been revised as follows: "Rechargeable lithium battery (RLB) technology is transforming portablemore » devices, vehicle electrification, and grid modernization. To make RLB durable, reliable and safe, conducting quantitative failure analysis (FA) and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to identify failure mechanism and to understand the failure under the operating conditions is very critical and a prerequisite to improve RLB design and operation. However, this ability is often overlooked or even lacking. The FA is often conducted by laboratory testing and postmortem analysis, and the knowledge typically empirical. Here we present a quantitative approach for FMEA that can reveal how failure modes and effects reduce the capacity of a RLB. This approach is based on the state of the battery for FMEA, contrary to the conventional approach based on operating or testing conditions. The key aspect of this FMEA method is to convert the results from the experimental conditions to a state-of-charge (SOC)-based methodology for FA. Such a conversion can separate the thermodynamic and kinetic attributes from the experiments to the compositional changes in the electrode, so the loss and the utilization of the active materials can be determined respectively."« less

Authors:

Liaw, Boryann  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-7431-1977"
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Dufek, Eric J  ^[1];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Dufek, Eric J"
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-4802-1997"
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Dickerson, Charles C  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-8456-1563"
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Zhang, Yulun ^[1]; Wang, Qiang ^[1]; Nagpure, Shrikant ^[1]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Idaho National Laboratory

Publication Date:

2020-02-06

Research Org.:

Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Vehicle Technology Office (VTO); INL LDRD

OSTI Identifier:

1604082

Report Number(s):

[INL/JOU-19-55263-Rev001]
[Journal ID: 090502]

Grant/Contract Number:  

[DE-AC07-05ID14517]

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Additional Journal Information:

[ Journal Volume: 167; Journal Issue: Focus Issue on Battery Safety, Reliability and Mitigation]

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 - ENERGY STORAGE; Battery diagnostics; Capacity retention; Failure mode and effect analysis; Electrochemical analytic diagnosis