Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production
Abstract
Carbon release due to permafrost thaw represents a potentially major positive climate change feedback. The magnitude of carbon loss and the proportion lost as methane (CH4) vs. carbon dioxide (CO2) depend on factors including temperature, mobilization of previously frozen carbon, hydrology, and changes in organic matter chemistry associated with environmental responses to thaw. While the first three of these effects are relatively well understood, the effect of organic matter chemistry remains largely unstudied. To address this gap, we examined the biogeochemistry of peat and dissolved organic matter (DOM) along a ~40-y permafrost thaw progression from recently- to fully thawed sites in Stordalen Mire (68.35°N, 19.05°E), a thawing peat plateau in northern Sweden. Thaw-induced subsidence and the resulting inundation along this progression led to succession in vegetation types accompanied by an evolution in organic matter chemistry. Peat C/N ratios decreased whereas humification rates increased, and DOM shifted toward lower molecular weight compounds with lower aromaticity, lower organic oxygen content, and more abundant microbially produced compounds. Corresponding changes in decomposition along this gradient included increasing CH4 and CO2 production potentials, higher relative CH4/CO2 ratios, and a shift in CH4 production pathway from CO2 reduction to acetate cleavage. These results imply that subsidencemore »
- Authors:
-
- Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
- Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko (Sweden). Abisko Scientific Research Station
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1602275
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0004632; ER65245
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 111; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
- Publisher:
- National Academy of Sciences
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Tfaily, Malak M., McCalley, Carmody K., Logan, Tyler A., Crill, Patrick M., Saleska, Scott R., Rich, Virginia I., and Chanton, Jeffrey P. Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1073/pnas.1314641111.
Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Tfaily, Malak M., McCalley, Carmody K., Logan, Tyler A., Crill, Patrick M., Saleska, Scott R., Rich, Virginia I., & Chanton, Jeffrey P. Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production. United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314641111
Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Tfaily, Malak M., McCalley, Carmody K., Logan, Tyler A., Crill, Patrick M., Saleska, Scott R., Rich, Virginia I., and Chanton, Jeffrey P. Mon .
"Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production". United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314641111. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1602275.
@article{osti_1602275,
title = {Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production},
author = {Hodgkins, Suzanne B. and Tfaily, Malak M. and McCalley, Carmody K. and Logan, Tyler A. and Crill, Patrick M. and Saleska, Scott R. and Rich, Virginia I. and Chanton, Jeffrey P.},
abstractNote = {Carbon release due to permafrost thaw represents a potentially major positive climate change feedback. The magnitude of carbon loss and the proportion lost as methane (CH4) vs. carbon dioxide (CO2) depend on factors including temperature, mobilization of previously frozen carbon, hydrology, and changes in organic matter chemistry associated with environmental responses to thaw. While the first three of these effects are relatively well understood, the effect of organic matter chemistry remains largely unstudied. To address this gap, we examined the biogeochemistry of peat and dissolved organic matter (DOM) along a ~40-y permafrost thaw progression from recently- to fully thawed sites in Stordalen Mire (68.35°N, 19.05°E), a thawing peat plateau in northern Sweden. Thaw-induced subsidence and the resulting inundation along this progression led to succession in vegetation types accompanied by an evolution in organic matter chemistry. Peat C/N ratios decreased whereas humification rates increased, and DOM shifted toward lower molecular weight compounds with lower aromaticity, lower organic oxygen content, and more abundant microbially produced compounds. Corresponding changes in decomposition along this gradient included increasing CH4 and CO2 production potentials, higher relative CH4/CO2 ratios, and a shift in CH4 production pathway from CO2 reduction to acetate cleavage. These results imply that subsidence and thermokarst-associated increases in organic matter lability cause shifts in biogeochemical processes toward faster decomposition with an increasing proportion of carbon released as CH4. This impact of permafrost thaw on organic matter chemistry could intensify the predicted climate feedbacks of increasing temperatures, permafrost carbon mobilization, and hydrologic changes.},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1314641111},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
number = 16,
volume = 111,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Mon Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
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journal, May 2016
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- Global Change Biology, Vol. 22, Issue 8
Anaerobic methanotrophic communities thrive in deep submarine permafrost
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- Winkel, Matthias; Mitzscherling, Julia; Overduin, Pier P.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Dynamics of greenhouse gas emission induced by different burrowing activities of fossorial vertebrates in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow ecosystem
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- International Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 64, Issue 1
The ecology of methane in streams and rivers: patterns, controls, and global significance
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Redox and temperature-sensitive changes in microbial communities and soil chemistry dictate greenhouse gas loss from thawed permafrost
journal, July 2017
- Ernakovich, Jessica G.; Lynch, Laurel M.; Brewer, Paul E.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 134, Issue 1-2
Strong geologic methane emissions from discontinuous terrestrial permafrost in the Mackenzie Delta, Canada
journal, July 2017
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Carbon Chemistry of Intact Versus Chronically Drained Peatlands in the Southeastern USA
journal, September 2019
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Methanotrophy across a natural permafrost thaw environment
journal, June 2018
- Singleton, Caitlin M.; McCalley, Carmody K.; Woodcroft, Ben J.
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Photochemical alteration of organic carbon draining permafrost soils shifts microbial metabolic pathways and stimulates respiration
journal, October 2017
- Ward, Collin P.; Nalven, Sarah G.; Crump, Byron C.
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Tropical peatland carbon storage linked to global latitudinal trends in peat recalcitrance
journal, September 2018
- Hodgkins, Suzanne B.; Richardson, Curtis J.; Dommain, René
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Canadian permafrost stores large pools of ammonium and optically distinct dissolved organic matter
journal, September 2020
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Host-linked soil viral ecology along a permafrost thaw gradient
journal, July 2018
- Emerson, Joanne B.; Roux, Simon; Brum, Jennifer R.
- Nature Microbiology, Vol. 3, Issue 8
Key evidence of the role of desertification in protecting the underlying permafrost in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
journal, October 2015
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Anaerobic methanotrophic communities thrive in deep submarine permafrost
journal, August 2017
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- Scientific Reports
Impact of Warming on Greenhouse Gas Production and Microbial Diversity in Anoxic Peat From a Sphagnum-Dominated Bog (Grand Rapids, Minnesota, United States)
journal, April 2019
- Kolton, Max; Marks, Ansley; Wilson, Rachel M.
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 10
Implication of Viral Infections for Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Freshwater Wetlands: Challenges and Perspectives
journal, August 2019
- Bonetti, Giuditta; Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey M.; Carnell, Paul E.
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 10
Methane Production in Soil Environments—Anaerobic Biogeochemistry and Microbial Life between Flooding and Desiccation
journal, June 2020
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- Microorganisms, Vol. 8, Issue 6
Dissolved organic carbon and major and trace elements in peat porewater of sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost zones of western Siberia
journal, July 2017
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Acetate turnover and methanogenic pathways in Amazonian lake sediments
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Environmental correlates of peatland carbon fluxes in a thawing landscape: do transitional thaw stages matter?
journal, January 2015
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Large carbon cycle sensitivities to climate across a permafrost thaw gradient in subarctic Sweden
journal, January 2019
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Differential response of carbon cycling to long-term nutrient input and altered hydrological conditions in a continental Canadian peatland
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Optimization of viral resuspension methods for carbon-rich soils along a permafrost thaw gradient
journal, January 2016
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