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Title: Assessment of Commercial Building Lighting as a Frequency Regulation Resource

Journal Article · · Energies (Basel)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030613 · OSTI ID:1601960
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]
  1. Distributed Electrical Systems Lab., Lausanne (Switzerland)
  2. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Renewable and Sustainable Energy Inst. (RASEI), Boulder, CO (United States)
  3. Acuity Brands Lighting, Boulder, CO (United States)
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This paper evaluates the potential for automated lighting control as a resource for frequency regulation of the electric grid system in the context of current energy policies, economic incentives, and technological trends. The growing prevalence of renewable energy has increased the need for ancillary services to maintain grid frequency and stability. While demand side resources like heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems, as well as water treatment plants are already evaluated as regulation service providers, the potential application to electrical lighting systems has largely been ignored. Yet, aggregations of lighting systems that are retrofitted with intelligent controls could conceivably contribute to frequency regulation services with little impact on user comfort. To further explore the feasibility of lighting potential, this paper explores (1) how lighting control systems are limited by visual comfort perception and acceptability, (2) how such limitations impact the performance of the lighting system as an frequency regulation resource, and (3) how the market potential of lighting systems as demand side resources compares in different regional transmission organizations. Finally, the impact of developing technologies on the application of lighting systems for frequency regulation is discussed.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1601960
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5500-76171; ENERGA
Journal Information:
Energies (Basel), Vol. 13, Issue 3; ISSN 1996-1073
Publisher:
MDPI AGCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 5 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (7)

Demand Response as a Market Resource Under the Smart Grid Paradigm journal June 2010
Dynamic frequency regulation resources of commercial buildings through combined building system resources using a supervisory control methodology journal January 2015
A method to assess lighting quality in educational rooms using analytic hierarchy process journal January 2020
Detection and Acceptance of Demand-Responsive Lighting in Offices with and without Daylight journal January 2008
Detectability and Acceptability of Illuminance Reduction for Load Shedding journal January 2004
Detection of Slow Light Level Reduction journal July 2002
Demand-responsive Lighting – A Field Study journal January 2010

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Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
commercial buildings
lighting systems
ancillary services
frequency regulation