Volume Flow Rate Estimation for Small Explosions at Mt. Etna, Italy, From Acoustic Waveform Inversion

Diaz‐Moreno, A.; Iezzi, A. M.; Lamb, O. D.; Fee, D.; Kim, K.; Zuccarello, L.; De Angelis, S.

doi:10.1029/2019GL084598

Title: Volume Flow Rate Estimation for Small Explosions at Mt. Etna, Italy, From Acoustic Waveform Inversion

Journal Article · 01 October 2019 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL084598 · OSTI ID:1601951

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Univ. of Liverpool (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States). Alaska Volcano Observatory, Geophysical Inst.
Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States). Dept. of Geological Sciences
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Pisa (Italy); Univ. of Granada (Spain)

Rapid assessment of the volume and the rate at which gas and pyroclasts are injected into the atmosphere during volcanic explosions is key to effective eruption hazard mitigation. Here, we use data from a dense infrasound network deployed in 2017 on Mt. Etna, Italy, to estimate eruptive volume flow rates (VFRs) during small gas-and-ash explosions. We use a finite-difference time-domain approximation to compute the acoustic Green's functions and perform a full waveform inversion for a multipole source, combining monopole and horizontal dipole terms. The inversion produces realistic estimates of VFR, on the order of 4 × 10⁴ m³/s and well-defined patterns of source directivity. This is the first application of acoustic waveform inversion at Mt. Etna. Our results demonstrate that acoustic waveform inversion is a mature and robust tool for assessment of source parameters and holds potential as a tool to provide rapid estimates of VFR in near real time.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1601951

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-805799; 1011071

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, Issue 20; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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58 GEOSCIENCES
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Title: Volume Flow Rate Estimation for Small Explosions at Mt. Etna, Italy, From Acoustic Waveform Inversion

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