Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes

Shen, Hao; Yi, Eongyu; Heywood, Stephen; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Chen, Guoying; Tamura, Nobumichi; Sofie, Stephen; Chen, Kai; Doeff, Marca M.

doi:10.1021/acsami.9b11780

Title: Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes

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Abstract

Nonflammable solid-state electrolytes can potentially address the reliability and energy density limitations of lithium-ion batteries. Garnet-structured oxides such as Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) are some of the most promising candidates for solid-state devices. Here, three-dimensional (3D) solid-state LLZO frameworks with low tortuosity pore channels are proposed as scaffolds, into which active materials and other components can be infiltrated to make composite electrodes for solid-state batteries. To make the scaffolds, we employed aqueous freeze tape casting (FTC), a scalable and environmentally friendly method to produce porous LLZO structures. Using synchrotron radiation hard X-ray microcomputed tomography, we confirmed that LLZO films with porosities of up to 75% were successfully fabricated from slurries with a relatively wide concentration range. The acicular pore size and shape at different depths of scaffolds were quantified by fitting the pore shapes with ellipses, determining the long and short axes and their ratios, and investigating the equivalent diameter distribution. The results show that relatively homogeneous pore sizes and shapes were sustained over a long range along the thickness of the scaffold. Additionally, these pores had low tortuosity and the wall thickness distributions were found to be highly homogeneous. These are desirable characteristics for 3D solid electrolytes for composite electrodes, inmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2]; Heywood, Stephen ^[3];

^[4];

^[2]; Tamura, Nobumichi ^[4]; Sofie, Stephen ^[3]; Chen, Kai ^[5];

^[2]

Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., Xi'an, Shaanxi (China). State Key Lab. for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMPNano); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., Xi'an, Shaanxi (China). State Key Lab. for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMPNano)

Publication Date:: Fri Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarships Council

OSTI Identifier:: 1601218

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; 51671154; 91860109; 2016YFB0700404

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; solid-state electrolyte; freeze tape casting; hard X-ray micro computed tomography; structure analysis; LLZO

Citation Formats


                    Shen, Hao, Yi, Eongyu, Heywood, Stephen, Parkinson, Dilworth Y., Chen, Guoying, Tamura, Nobumichi, Sofie, Stephen, Chen, Kai, and Doeff, Marca M. Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acsami.9b11780.

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                    Shen, Hao, Yi, Eongyu, Heywood, Stephen, Parkinson, Dilworth Y., Chen, Guoying, Tamura, Nobumichi, Sofie, Stephen, Chen, Kai, & Doeff, Marca M. Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b11780

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                    Shen, Hao, Yi, Eongyu, Heywood, Stephen, Parkinson, Dilworth Y., Chen, Guoying, Tamura, Nobumichi, Sofie, Stephen, Chen, Kai, and Doeff, Marca M. Fri .  
"Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b11780.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1601218.

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@article{osti_1601218,

  title        = {Scalable Freeze-Tape-Casting Fabrication and Pore Structure Analysis of 3D LLZO Solid-State Electrolytes},

  author       = {Shen, Hao and Yi, Eongyu and Heywood, Stephen and Parkinson, Dilworth Y. and Chen, Guoying and Tamura, Nobumichi and Sofie, Stephen and Chen, Kai and Doeff, Marca M.},

  abstractNote = {Nonflammable solid-state electrolytes can potentially address the reliability and energy density limitations of lithium-ion batteries. Garnet-structured oxides such as Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) are some of the most promising candidates for solid-state devices. Here, three-dimensional (3D) solid-state LLZO frameworks with low tortuosity pore channels are proposed as scaffolds, into which active materials and other components can be infiltrated to make composite electrodes for solid-state batteries. To make the scaffolds, we employed aqueous freeze tape casting (FTC), a scalable and environmentally friendly method to produce porous LLZO structures. Using synchrotron radiation hard X-ray microcomputed tomography, we confirmed that LLZO films with porosities of up to 75% were successfully fabricated from slurries with a relatively wide concentration range. The acicular pore size and shape at different depths of scaffolds were quantified by fitting the pore shapes with ellipses, determining the long and short axes and their ratios, and investigating the equivalent diameter distribution. The results show that relatively homogeneous pore sizes and shapes were sustained over a long range along the thickness of the scaffold. Additionally, these pores had low tortuosity and the wall thickness distributions were found to be highly homogeneous. These are desirable characteristics for 3D solid electrolytes for composite electrodes, in terms of both the ease of active material infiltration and also minimization of Li diffusion distances in electrodes. The advantages of the FTC scaffolds are demonstrated by the improved conductivity of LLZO scaffolds infiltrated with poly(ethylene oxide)/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PEO/LITFSI) compared to those of PEO/LiTFSI films alone or composites containing LLZO particles.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acsami.9b11780},

  journal      = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 12,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Fri Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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