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Title: Two-Dimensional Hybrid Halide Perovskites: Principles and Promises

Journal Article · · Journal of the American Chemical Society

Hybrid halide perovskites have become the “next big thing” in emerging semiconductor materials as the past decade witnessed their successful application in high-performance photovoltaics. This resurgence has seen enormous and widespread development of the three-dimensional (3D) perovskites, spearheaded by CH3NH3PbI3. The next generation of halide perovskites, however, is characterized by reduced dimensionality perovskites, emphasizing on the two-dimensional (2D) perovskite derivatives which expand as a more diverse subgroup of semiconducting hybrids that possesses even higher tunability and excellent photophysical properties. In this perspective, we start with a histori-cal flashback that traces back to early reports before the “perovskite fever” and we follow this original work to its fruition in the present day, where 2D halide perov-skites are on the spotlight of current research, thriving on several aspects of high-performance optoelectronics. We approach the evolution of 2D halide perovskites from a structural perspective, providing a classification for the diverse structure-types of the materials, which largely dictate the unusual physical properties ob-served. We sort out the 2D hybrid halide perovskite based on two key components: the inorganic layers and their modification and the organic cation diversity. As these two heterogeneous components blend, either by synthetic manipulation (shuffling the organic cations or inorganic elements) or by external stimuli (temperature and pressure), the modular perovskite structure evolves to construct crystallographically defined quantum wells (QW). The complex electronic structure that arises is sensitive to the structural features that could be in turn used as a knob to control the dielectric and optical properties the QWs. We end this perspective with the most notable optoelectronic device achievements that have been demonstrated to date with an eye to-wards future material discovery and potential techno-logical developments.

Research Organization:
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012541
OSTI ID:
1599730
Journal Information:
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 141, Issue 3; ISSN 0002-7863
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 892 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Electron–acoustic phonon coupling in single crystal CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites revealed by coherent acoustic phonons journal February 2017
Isothermal pressure-derived metastable states in 2D hybrid perovskites showing enduring bandgap narrowing journal July 2018
Two Regimes of Bandgap Red Shift and Partial Ambient Retention in Pressure-Treated Two-Dimensional Perovskites journal October 2017
Red-to-Black Piezochromism in a Compressible Pb–I–SCN Layered Perovskite journal May 2016
Pressure-Induced Conductivity and Yellow-to-Black Piezochromism in a Layered Cu–Cl Hybrid Perovskite journal January 2015
Suppressed Ion Migration in Low-Dimensional Perovskites journal June 2017
High-efficiency two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite solar cells journal July 2016
High-efficiency solution-processed perovskite solar cells with millimeter-scale grains journal January 2015
Understanding Film Formation Morphology and Orientation in High Member 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites for High-Efficiency Solar Cells journal September 2017
Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite with Nanorod-like Morphology for Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 15% journal August 2018
High efficiency quasi 2D lead bromide perovskite solar cells using various barrier molecules journal January 2017
Highly Oriented Low-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskites with Enhanced Stability and Photovoltaic Performance journal May 2017
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites: An Emerging Paradigm for High-Performance Light-Emitting Diodes journal April 2018
Perovskite energy funnels for efficient light-emitting diodes journal June 2016
Efficient perovskite light-emitting diodes featuring nanometre-sized crystallites journal January 2017
Stable Light-Emitting Diodes Using Phase-Pure Ruddlesden-Popper Layered Perovskites journal January 2018
Metal‐Halide Perovskite Transistors for Printed Electronics: Challenges and Opportunities journal October 2017
Hybrid Field-Effect Transistor Based on a Low-Temperature Melt-Processed Channel Layer journal December 2002
Solution-Processed Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Field-Effect Transistors with High Hole Mobilities journal September 2016
Room Temperature Coherently Coupled Exciton–Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Perovskite journal July 2018
Single-crystalline layered metal-halide perovskite nanowires for ultrasensitive photodetectors journal July 2018
Scintillation properties of (C6H13NH3)2PbI4: Exciton luminescence of an organic/inorganic multiple quantum well structure compound induced by 2.0 MeV protons journal August 2002
Development of Ultra-Fast Semiconducting Scintillators Using Quantum Confinement Effect journal September 2004
Optical Nonlinearity:Phenomena, applications, and materials journal July 1993
The Origin of Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity in Exciton Systems journal May 1990
Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity Due to Excitons and Biexcitons in a Self-Organized Quantum-Well Material (C 6 H 13 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 journal March 1998

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The Role of Diammonium Cation on the Structural and Optoelectronic Properties in 3D Cesium–Formamidinium Mixed‐Cation Perovskite Solar Cells journal May 2019
2D layered perovskite containing functionalised benzothieno-benzothiophene molecules: formation, degradation, optical properties and photoconductivity journal January 2020
Guanine-Stabilized Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskites journal February 2020
Spontaneous Formation of Nanocrystals in Amorphous Matrix: Alternative Pathway to Bright Emission in Quasi‐2D Perovskites journal June 2019
Prospects for low-toxicity lead-free perovskite solar cells journal February 2019
Compositional Control in 2D Perovskites with Alternating Cations in the Interlayer Space for Photovoltaics with Efficiency over 18% journal September 2019
Lead-free low-dimensional tin halide perovskites with functional organic spacers: breaking the charge-transport bottleneck journal January 2019
Two‐Dimensional Halide Perovskites in Solar Cells: 2D or not 2D? journal March 2019
Hybrid Halide Perovskites: Discussions on Terminology and Materials journal October 2019
Recent advances in controlling the crystallization of two-dimensional perovskites for optoelectronic device journal May 2019
Designing a new family of oxonium-cation based structurally diverse organic–inorganic hybrid iodoantimonate crystals journal January 2019
Self-assembled propylammonium cations at grain boundaries and the film surface to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells journal January 2019
Fine Multi‐Phase Alignments in 2D Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 17% via Slow Post‐Annealing journal September 2019
Chirality control in white-light emitting 2D perovskites journal January 2020
Compositional and Dimensional Control of 2D and Quasi‐2D Lead Halide Perovskites in Water journal May 2019
Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges journal April 2020
Synthesis of triphenylpyridines via an oxidative cyclization reaction using Sr-doped LaCoO 3 perovskite as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst journal January 2019
Switching hydrogen bonds to readily interconvert two room-temperature long-term stable crystalline polymorphs in chiral molecular perovskites journal January 2019
Intrinsic Self‐Trapped Emission in 0D Lead‐Free (C 4 H 14 N 2 ) 2 In 2 Br 10 Single Crystal journal October 2019
Benzodithiophene Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells journal September 2019
Resurfacing halide perovskite nanocrystals journal May 2019
Synthesis of a two-dimensional organic–inorganic bismuth iodide metalate through in situ formation of iminium cations journal January 2019
Direct oxidative C(sp 3 )─H/C(sp 2 )─H coupling reaction using recyclable Sr‐doped LaCoO 3 perovskite catalyst journal January 2020
Constructing moisture-stable hybrid lead iodine semiconductors based on hydrogen-bond-free and dual-iodine strategies journal January 2019
(TMT–TTF)[Pb 2.6/30.4/3 I 2 ] 3 : a TTF-intercalated two-dimensional hybrid lead iodide: crystal structure and properties journal January 2020
Organic intercalation engineering of quasi-2D Dion–Jacobson α-CsPbI 3 perovskites journal January 2020
Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells text January 2020
Polarized near-infrared intersubband absorptions in CdSe colloidal quantum wells journal October 2019
Exploring the role of halide mixing in lead-free BZA 2 SnX 4 two dimensional hybrid perovskites journal January 2020
Research Direction toward Scalable, Stable, and High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells journal April 2020
(CH 3 NH 3 )AuX 4 ⋅H 2 O (X=Cl, Br) and (CH 3 NH 3 )AuCl 4 : Low‐Band Gap Lead‐Free Layered Gold Halide Perovskite Materials journal July 2019
Structure-directing effects in (110)-layered hybrid perovskites containing two distinct organic moieties journal January 2019
An Effective Strategy for Photoelectric Performance Enhancement of 2D Perovskite via Halogenating Organic Cation: A Theoretical Prediction journal January 2020
Guanine‐Stabilized Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskites journal February 2020
Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites: Synthesis and Optical Properties for Optoelectronic Applications journal October 2019
Intrinsic Self‐Trapped Emission in 0D Lead‐Free (C 4 H 14 N 2 ) 2 In 2 Br 10 Single Crystal journal September 2019
Exciton-band tuning induced by the width of the cation in 2D lead iodide perovskite hybrids journal January 2020
Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells journal January 2020
Hybrid Halide Perovskites: Discussions on Terminology and Materials journal October 2019
Inducing Charge Separation in Solid-State Two-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites through the Incorporation of Organic Charge-Transfer Complexes journal January 2020
Incorporating Large A Cations into Lead Iodide Perovskite Cages: Relaxed Goldschmidt Tolerance Factor and Impact on Exciton–Phonon Interaction journal July 2019
Prospects for low-toxicity lead-free perovskite solar cells journal February 2019
Polarized near-infrared intersubband absorptions in CdSe colloidal quantum wells journal October 2019

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