DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Solar-metallicity gas in the extended halo of a galaxy at z  ∼ 0.12

Journal Article · · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [1]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [5];  [5]
  1. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Indian Institute of Space Science & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695547, India
  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Institute of Science And Technology, Ernakulam 683577, India
  3. Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangaluru 575025, India
  4. Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
  5. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory University Park, PA 16802, USA

ABSTRACT We present the detection and analysis of a weak low-ionization absorber at z = 0.121 22 along the sightline of the blazar PG 1424+240, using spectroscopic data from both HST/COS and STIS. The absorber is a weak Mg ii analogue, with an incidence of weak C ii and Si ii, along with multicomponent C iv and O vi. The low ions are tracing a dense (nH ∼ 10−3 cm−3) parsec-scale cloud of solar or higher metallicity. The kinematically coincident higher ions are either from a more diffuse (nH ∼ 10−5–10−4 cm−3) photoionized phase of kiloparsec-scale dimensions or are tracing a warm (T ∼ 2 × 105 K) collisionally ionized transition temperature plasma layer. The absorber resides in a galaxy overdense region, with 18 luminous (>L*) galaxies within a projected radius of 5 Mpc and velocity of 750 km s−1. The multiphase properties, high metallicity, and proximity to a 1.4L* galaxy, at ρ ∼ 200 kpc and separation |Δv| = 11 km s−1, favour the possibility of the absorption tracing circumgalactic gas. The absorber serves as an example of weak Mg ii–O vi systems as a means to study multiphase high-velocity clouds in external galaxies.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
OSTI ID:
1599653
Journal Information:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 493 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 3 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (158)

Intergalactic gas in Groups of Galaxies: Implications for Dwarf Spheroidal Formation and the Missing Baryons Problem journal August 2011
Ultraviolet absorption by interstellar gas at large distances from the galactic plane journal January 1981
A High‐Resolution Survey of Low‐Redshift QSO Absorption Lines: Statistics and Physical Conditions of O vi Absorbers journal July 2008
Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy journal May 2015
Observational evidence for a hot gaseous Galactic corona journal June 1979
Ca II and Na I absorption signatures from extraplanar gas in the halo of the Milky Way journal June 2008
Luminosity function from dedicated SDSS-III and MMT data of quasars in 0.7 < z < 4.0 selected with a new approach journal February 2013
A Cosmology Calculator for the World Wide Web journal December 2006
Probing the Intergalactic Medium with the O [CSC]vi[/CSC] Forest journal November 2001
Clues to the origin of Fermi bubbles from O viii/O vii line ratio journal February 2017
Direct Insights into Observational Absorption line Analysis Methods of the Circumgalactic Medium Using Cosmological Simulations journal March 2015
Star Formation History, dust Attenuation, and Extragalactic Background Light journal May 2015
COS-Weak: probing the CGM using analogues of weak Mg ii absorbers at z < 0.3 journal February 2018
Radiative magnetized thermal conduction fronts journal May 1990
The Extent of Chemically Enriched Gas around Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies journal November 2017
A Survey of Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and Hubble Space Telescope Sight Lines through High‐Velocity Cloud Complex C journal March 2003
Mining circumgalactic baryons in the low-redshift universe journal October 2014
Warm-hot gas in X-ray bright galaxy clusters and the H i-deficient circumgalactic medium in dense environments journal December 2017
Removal and mixing of the coronal gas from satellites in galaxy groups: cooling the intragroup gas: Coronal gas mixing from satellites in groups journal October 2012
An HST/COS legacy survey of high-velocity ultraviolet absorption in the Milky Way’s circumgalactic medium and the Local Group journal November 2017
Gaseous Galaxy Halos journal September 2012
A pair of O vi and broad Ly α absorbers probing warm gas in a galaxy group environment at z ∼ 0.4 journal March 2016
PROBING THE INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM/GALAXY CONNECTION. V. ON THE ORIGIN OF Lyα AND O VI ABSORPTION AT z < 0.2 journal October 2011
The COS-Halos Survey: Metallicities in the Low-redshift Circumgalactic Medium journal March 2017
THE COS-DWARFS SURVEY: THE CARBON RESERVOIR AROUND SUB- L * GALAXIES journal November 2014
The Cos-Halos Survey: an Empirical Description of Metal-Line Absorption in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium journal January 2013
The Magellanic Stream, High‐Velocity Clouds, and the Sculptor Group journal March 2003
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Observations of Intervening O vi Absorption Line Systems in the Spectrum of PG 0953+415 journal January 2002
Turbulent mixing layers in the interstellar medium of galaxies journal April 1993
A study of quasar proximity in O vi absorbers at z = 2-3 journal August 2008
HALO GAS CROSS SECTIONS AND COVERING FRACTIONS OF Mg II ABSORPTION SELECTED GALAXIES journal February 2008
The Kinematic Evolution of Strong Mg ii Absorbers journal November 2007
A Survey of Analogs to Weak Mg ii Absorbers in the Present journal October 2005
The Population of Weak Mg ii Absorbers. II. The Properties of Single‐Cloud Systems journal February 2002
Low-temperature Galactic fountains journal April 1990
Distances to Galactic High-Velocity Clouds: Complex C journal November 2007
The C [CLC][CSC]iv[/CSC][/CLC] Absorption–M[CLC]g[/CLC] [CLC][CSC]ii[/CSC][/CLC] Kinematics Connection in 〈[CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC]〉 ∼ 0.7 Galaxies journal July 1999
The Deuterium‐to‐Hydrogen Ratio in a Low‐Metallicity Cloud Falling onto the Milky Way journal February 2004
Highly Ionized Gas Surrounding High‐Velocity Cloud Complex C journal February 2004
The Nature of Weak Mg ii Absorbing Structures journal April 2006
The Global Content, Distribution, and Kinematics of Interstellar O vi in the Large Magellanic Cloud journal April 2002
Simulations of the Magellanic Stream in a First Infall Scenario journal September 2010
Characterizing the Low‐Redshift Intergalactic Medium toward PKS 1302−102 journal March 2008
The Galactic Nature of High-Velocity Cloud Complex WB journal January 2006
PROBING THE LARGE AND MASSIVE CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM OF A GALAXY AT z ∼ 0.2 USING A PAIR OF QUASARS journal February 2014
HIGHLY IONIZED PLASMA IN THE HALO OF A LUMINOUS SPIRAL GALAXY NEAR z = 0.225 journal March 2010
The Hidden Mass and Large Spatial Extent of a Post-Starburst Galaxy Outflow journal November 2011
The Impact of the Group Environment on the O vi Circumgalactic Medium journal July 2017
Exploring the Origin and fate of the Magellanic Stream with Ultraviolet and Optical Absorption journal July 2010
C IV absorbers tracing cool gas in dense galaxy group/cluster environments journal January 2019
Bimodality of low-redshift circumgalactic O vi in non-equilibrium eagle zoom simulations journal May 2016
High-Velocity Clouds journal September 1997
WHAT DETERMINES THE INCIDENCE AND EXTENT OF Mg II ABSORBING GAS AROUND GALAXIES? journal November 2010
Si iv COLUMN DENSITIES PREDICTED FROM NON-EQUILIBRIUM IONIZATION SIMULATIONS OF TURBULENT MIXING LAYERS AND HIGH-VELOCITY CLOUDS journal October 2015
ABSORPTION-LINE DETECTIONS OF 10 5 -10 6 K GAS IN SPIRAL-RICH GROUPS OF GALAXIES journal August 2014
Color Separation of Galaxy Types in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data journal October 2001
Inferences on the timeline of reionization at z ∼ 8 from the KMOS Lens-Amplified Spectroscopic Survey journal March 2019
Observations of highly ionized gas in the Galactic halo journal November 1992
On the Continuing Formation of the Andromeda Galaxy: Detection of H i Clouds in the M31 Halo journal January 2004
A Large Reservoir of Ionized gas in the Galactic Halo: Ionized Silicon in High-Velocity and Intermediate-Velocity Clouds journal June 2009
A Survey of O vi , C iii , and H i in Highly Ionized High‐Velocity Clouds journal July 2006
A Population of weak Metal-Line Absorbers Surrounding the Milky way journal April 2009
Absorption by Highly Ionized Interstellar Gas Along Extragalactic and Galactic Sight Lines journal June 1997
CHARACTERIZING THE CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM OF NEARBY GALAXIES WITH HST /COS AND HST /STIS ABSORPTION-LINE SPECTROSCOPY journal January 2013
Observing the circumgalactic medium of simulated galaxies through synthetic absorption spectra journal June 2018
The disk-halo interaction - Superbubbles and the structure of the interstellar medium journal October 1989
Origins of the Highly Ionized Gas along the Line of Sight toward HD 116852 journal January 2003
Highly Ionized High‐Velocity Gas in the Vicinity of the Galaxy journal May 2003
The Baryon Cycle of Dwarf Galaxies: Dark, Bursty, Gas-Rich Polluters journal August 2014
The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Survey of O vi Absorption in and near the Galaxy journal May 2003
Distances to Galactic High‐Velocity Clouds. I. Cohen Stream, Complex GCP, Cloud g1 journal January 2008
Analytical approximations of K-corrections in optical and near-infrared bands: Analytical approximations of K-corrections journal May 2010
Highly Ionized Gas in the Galactic Halo and the High‐Velocity Clouds toward PG 1116+215 journal April 2005
Time‐dependent Ionization in Radiatively Cooling Gas journal February 2007
MAGIICAT II. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE Mg II ABSORBING CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM journal October 2013
The analysis of apparent optical depth profiles for interstellar absorption lines journal September 1991
Molecular Hydrogen in High-Velocity Clouds journal December 2001
An absorption-selected survey of neutral gas in the Milky Way halo: New results based on a large sample of Ca ii, Na i, and H i spectra towards QSOs⋆ journal June 2012
Gas stripping in galaxy groups - the case of the starburst spiral NGC 2276 journal July 2006
Quenching of the star formation activity in cluster galaxies journal November 2016
COS OBSERVATIONS OF METAL LINE AND BROAD LYMAN-α ABSORPTION IN THE MULTI-PHASE O VI AND Ne VIII SYSTEM AT z = 0.20701 TOWARD HE 0226-4110 journal December 2011
Ram Pressure Stripping of an Isolated Local Group Dwarf Galaxy: Evidence for an Intragroup Medium journal November 2007
The Circumgalactic Medium journal August 2017
COSMIC ORIGINS SPECTROGRAPH AND FUSE OBSERVATIONS OF T ∼ 10 5 K GAS IN A NEARBY GALAXY FILAMENT journal September 2010
Multiphase High‐Velocity Clouds toward HE 0226−4110 and PG 0953+414 journal September 2005
The relics of galaxy evolution: High-velocity clouds around the Andromeda Galaxy journal February 2007
[ITAL]Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer[/ITAL] Spectroscopy of High-Velocity Cloud Complex C journal July 2000
The Cos-Halos Survey: Origins of the Highly Ionized Circumgalactic Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies journal December 2016
The Absorption Signatures of Dwarf Galaxies: The z  = 1.04 Multicloud Weak Mg ii Absorber toward PG 1634+706 journal May 2004
Distances and Metallicities of High‐ and Intermediate‐Velocity Clouds journal October 2001
The Extension of the Transition Temperature Plasma into the Lower Galactic halo journal August 2009
Complex C: A Low-Metallicity, High-Velocity Cloud Plunging into the Milky Way journal June 2003
THE CLUSTERING OF Mg II ABSORPTION SYSTEMS AT z ∼ 0.5 AND DETECTION OF COLD GAS IN MASSIVE HALOS journal August 2009
Hα Emission from High‐Velocity Clouds and Their Distances journal November 2003
The Warm Circumgalactic Medium: 10 5−6 K Gas Associated with a Single Galaxy Halo or with an Entire Group of Galaxies? journal March 2017
High‐Resolution STIS/ Hubble Space Telescope and HIRES/Keck Spectra of Three Weak Mg ii Absorbers toward PG 1634+706 journal May 2003
The VIMOS-VLT deep survey: Evolution of the galaxy luminosity function up to journal August 2005
Revealing the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium with O [CSC]vi[/CSC] Absorption journal September 2001
Detection of metal-rich, cool-warm gas in the outskirts of galaxy clusters journal July 2019
Galactic Gas Flows from Halo to Disk: Tomography and Kinematics at the Milky Way’s Disk–Halo Interface journal September 2019
Composition of Interstellar Clouds in the Disk and Halo. IV. HD 215733 journal February 1997
Consequences of a New Hot Component of the Interstellar Medium journal May 1976
The Chemical Composition of the Sun journal September 2009
Highly Ionized High‐Velocity Clouds toward PKS 2155−304 and Markarian 509 journal April 2004
The Magellanic Stream: Circumnavigating the Galaxy journal September 2016
A population of high-velocity absorption-line systems residing in the Local Group journal June 2019
Accretion of low-metallicity gas by the Milky Way journal November 1999
Westerbork H I observations of high-velocity clouds near M 31 and M 33 journal May 2005
The 1% Concordance Hubble Constant journal October 2014
[ITAL]FUSE[/ITAL] Observations of Atomic Abundances and Molecular Hydrogen in the Leading Arm of the Magellanic Stream journal February 2001
The 2dF���SDSS LRG and QSO survey: the QSO luminosity function at 0.4 < z < 2.6 journal November 2009
The Chemical and Ionization Conditions in Weak Mg ii Absorbers journal December 2008
A Survey of Weak Mg ii Absorbers at Redshift 〈 z 〉 = 1.78 journal March 2006
THE RADIAL AND AZIMUTHAL PROFILES OF Mg II ABSORPTION AROUND 0.5 < z < 0.9 zCOSMOS GALAXIES OF DIFFERENT COLORS, MASSES, AND ENVIRONMENTS journal November 2011
Relics of structure formation: extra-planar gas and high-velocity clouds around the Andromeda Galaxy journal October 2008
THE PROPERTIES OF LOW REDSHIFT INTERGALACTIC O VI ABSORBERS DETERMINED FROM HIGH S/N OBSERVATIONS OF 14 QSOs WITH THE COSMIC ORIGINS SPECTROGRAPH journal April 2014
A Survey of Weak Mg ii Absorbers at 0.4 < z < 2.4 journal May 2007
The Origin of C iv Absorption Systems at Redshifts z < 1: Discovery of Extended C iv Envelopes around Galaxies journal July 2001
Delayed recombination as a major source of the soft X-ray background journal October 1994
The Global Schmidt Law in Star‐forming Galaxies journal May 1998
Discovery of a Dwarf Poststarburst Galaxy near a High Column Density Local Lyα Absorber journal July 2004
UGC 12732: A Disk Galaxy Lacking High-Velocity Clouds journal May 1997
The BL-Lacertae gamma-ray blazar PKS 1424+240 associated with a group of galaxies at z = 0.6010 journal April 2016
[ITAL]Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer[/ITAL] Observations of O [CSC]vi[/CSC] in High-Velocity Clouds journal July 2000
COSMIC ORIGINS SPECTROGRAPH OBSERVATIONS OF WARM INTERVENING GAS AT z ∼ 0.325 TOWARD 3C 263 journal May 2012
Discovery of a Metal?Line Absorber Associated with a Local Dwarf Starburst Galaxy journal January 2006
Tracing Outflowing Metals in Simulations of Dwarf and Spiral Galaxies journal November 2018
An Accurate Distance to High‐Velocity Cloud Complex C journal September 2008
THE AZIMUTHAL DEPENDENCE OF OUTFLOWS AND ACCRETION DETECTED USING O vi ABSORPTION journal December 2015
A large population of metal-rich, compact, intergalactic C IV absorbers - evidence for poor small-scale metal mixing journal August 2007
High‐Velocity Clouds: Building Blocks of the Local Group journal April 1999
A Census of Intrinsic Narrow Absorption Lines in the Spectra of Quasars at z = 2–4 journal July 2007
X‐Ray Absorption by the Low‐Redshift Intergalactic Medium: A Numerical Study of the Λ Cold Dark Matter Model journal September 2003
The role of dwarf galaxy interactions in shaping the Magellanic System and implications for Magellanic Irregulars: The Magellanic System journal February 2012
Constraining the Milky Way'S hot gas halo with o vii and o viii Emission Lines journal February 2015
Where Are the Baryons? III. Nonequilibrium Effects and Observables journal October 2006
THE CONNECTION BETWEEN A LYMAN LIMIT SYSTEM, A VERY STRONG O VI ABSORBER, AND GALAXIES AT z ∼ 0.203 journal March 2009
Large-Scale Structure in the Universe Indicated by Galaxy Clusters journal September 1988
Probing feedback in protogalaxies: multiphase gas in a DLA at z ≈ 2.4 journal October 2008
The Metallicity and Dust Content of HVC 287.5+22.5+240: Evidence for a Magellanic Clouds Origin journal January 1998
A DEEP SEARCH FOR FAINT GALAXIES ASSOCIATED WITH VERY LOW REDSHIFT C iv ABSORBERS. III. THE MASS- AND ENVIRONMENT-DEPENDENT CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM journal November 2016
MgII absorption through intermediate redshift galaxies journal March 2005
Highly Ionized High‐Velocity Clouds: Hot Intergalactic Medium or Galactic Halo? journal April 2005
The galactic fountain of high-velocity clouds journal March 1980
Physical Properties of Weak Mg ii Absorbers at z  ∼ 2 journal September 2007
The H i Halo of NGC 891 journal December 1997
Metal flows of the circumgalactic medium, and the metal budget in galactic haloes journal March 2017
O VI ABSORBERS TRACING HOT GAS ASSOCIATED WITH A PAIR OF GALAXIES AT z = 0.167 journal July 2010
High-Velocity H I in the Spiral Galaxy NGC 5668 journal September 1996
The nature and origin of low-redshift O vi absorbers journal June 2009
Multiphase gas in Galaxy Halos: the o vi Lyman-Limit System Toward J1009+0713 journal May 2011
Multiphase Plasma in Sub-Damped Lyα Systems: A Hidden Metal Reservoir journal September 2007
The Diversity of High‐ and Intermediate‐Velocity Clouds: Complex C versus IV Arch journal September 2001
The FUSE Spectrum of PG 0804+761: A Study of Atomic and Molecular Gas in the Lower Galactic Halo and Beyond journal March 2001
The multiphase circumgalactic medium traced by low metal ions in EAGLE zoom simulations journal August 2018
Ubiquitous ram pressure stripping in the Coma cluster of galaxies journal October 2018
Implications of an updated ultraviolet background for the ionization mechanisms of intervening Ne viii absorbers journal December 2016
New synthesis models of consistent extragalactic background light over cosmic time journal January 2019