Mapping photocathode quantum efficiency with ghost imaging
Abstract
Measuring the quantum efficiency (QE) map of a photocathode injector typically requires laser scanning, an invasive operation that involves modifying the injector laser focus and rastering the focused laser spot across the photocathode surface. Raster scanning interrupts normal operation and takes considerable time to setup. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel method of measuring the QE map using a ghost imaging framework that correlates the injector laser spatial variation over time with the total charge yield. Ghost imaging enables passive, real-time monitoring of the QE map without manually modifying the injector laser or interrupting injector operation. We first demonstrate the method at the UCLA Pegasus photoinjector with the help of a digital micromirror device (DMD) and a piezoelectric mirror to increase our control of the overall transverse variance of the illumination profile. The reconstruction algorithm parameters are fine-tuned using simulations and the results are validated against the ground truth map acquired using the traditional rastering method. Finally, we apply the technique to data acquired parasitically from the LCLS photoinjector, showing the feasibility of this method to retrieve a QE map without interrupting normal operation.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1599524
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1604896
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; DMR-1548924
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Journal Volume: 23 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
Citation Formats
Kabra, K., Li, S., Cropp, F., Lane, Thomas J., Musumeci, P., and Ratner, D. Mapping photocathode quantum efficiency with ghost imaging. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803.
Kabra, K., Li, S., Cropp, F., Lane, Thomas J., Musumeci, P., & Ratner, D. Mapping photocathode quantum efficiency with ghost imaging. United States. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803.
Kabra, K., Li, S., Cropp, F., Lane, Thomas J., Musumeci, P., and Ratner, D. Wed .
"Mapping photocathode quantum efficiency with ghost imaging". United States. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803.
@article{osti_1599524,
title = {Mapping photocathode quantum efficiency with ghost imaging},
author = {Kabra, K. and Li, S. and Cropp, F. and Lane, Thomas J. and Musumeci, P. and Ratner, D.},
abstractNote = {Measuring the quantum efficiency (QE) map of a photocathode injector typically requires laser scanning, an invasive operation that involves modifying the injector laser focus and rastering the focused laser spot across the photocathode surface. Raster scanning interrupts normal operation and takes considerable time to setup. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel method of measuring the QE map using a ghost imaging framework that correlates the injector laser spatial variation over time with the total charge yield. Ghost imaging enables passive, real-time monitoring of the QE map without manually modifying the injector laser or interrupting injector operation. We first demonstrate the method at the UCLA Pegasus photoinjector with the help of a digital micromirror device (DMD) and a piezoelectric mirror to increase our control of the overall transverse variance of the illumination profile. The reconstruction algorithm parameters are fine-tuned using simulations and the results are validated against the ground truth map acquired using the traditional rastering method. Finally, we apply the technique to data acquired parasitically from the LCLS photoinjector, showing the feasibility of this method to retrieve a QE map without interrupting normal operation.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803},
journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
number = 2,
volume = 23,
place = {United States},
year = {2020},
month = {2}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.022803
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 1 work
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Compressive ghost imaging
journal, September 2009
- Katz, Ori; Bromberg, Yaron; Silberberg, Yaron
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 13
Impact of the spatial laser distribution on photocathode gun operation
journal, September 2012
- Zhou, Feng; Brachmann, Axel; Emma, Paul
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 15, Issue 9
High-brightness electron beam evolution following laser-based cleaning of a photocathode
journal, September 2012
- Zhou, F.; Brachmann, A.; Decker, F-J.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 15, Issue 9
Computational ghost imaging
journal, December 2008
- Shapiro, Jeffrey H.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 78, Issue 6
Photocathode behavior during high current running in the Cornell energy recovery linac photoinjector
journal, December 2011
- Cultrera, Luca; Maxson, Jared; Bazarov, Ivan
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 14, Issue 12
Adaptive electron beam shaping using a photoemission gun and spatial light modulator
journal, February 2015
- Maxson, Jared; Lee, Hyeri; Bartnik, Adam C.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 18, Issue 2
New technology based on clamping for high gradient radio frequency photogun
journal, September 2015
- Alesini, David; Battisti, Antonio; Ferrario, Massimo
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 18, Issue 9
An Introduction To Compressive Sampling
journal, March 2008
- Candes, E. J.; Wakin, M. B.
- IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 25, Issue 2
Experimental X-Ray Ghost Imaging
journal, September 2016
- Pelliccia, Daniele; Rack, Alexander; Scheel, Mario
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 11
Fourier-Transform Ghost Imaging with Hard X Rays
journal, September 2016
- Yu, Hong; Lu, Ronghua; Han, Shensheng
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 11
Ghost imaging with atoms
journal, November 2016
- Khakimov, R. I.; Henson, B. M.; Shin, D. K.
- Nature, Vol. 540, Issue 7631
Pump-Probe Ghost Imaging with SASE FELs
journal, March 2019
- Ratner, D.; Cryan, J. P.; Lane, T. J.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Characterization of a superconducting Pb photocathode in a superconducting rf photoinjector cavity
journal, December 2013
- Barday, R.; Burrill, A.; Jankowiak, A.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 16, Issue 12
Ultraviolet laser transverse profile shaping for improving x-ray free electron laser performance
journal, August 2017
- Li, S.; Alverson, S.; Bohler, D.
- Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 20, Issue 8
Commissioning the Linac Coherent Light Source injector
journal, March 2008
- Akre, R.; Dowell, D.; Emma, P.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 11, Issue 3
Multiplexed coded illumination for Fourier Ptychography with an LED array microscope
journal, January 2014
- Tian, Lei; Li, Xiao; Ramchandran, Kannan
- Biomedical Optics Express, Vol. 5, Issue 7
On the Ultimate Sensitivity and Practical Performance of Radiation Detectors
journal, January 1949
- Fellgett, P. B.
- Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 39, Issue 11
Electron Ghost Imaging
journal, September 2018
- Li, S.; Cropp, F.; Kabra, K.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 11
Hybrid photoacoustic-fluorescence microendoscopy through a multimode fiber using speckle illumination
journal, September 2019
- Caravaca-Aguirre, Antonio M.; Singh, Sakshi; Labouesse, Simon
- APL Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 9
Experimental characterization of emittance growth induced by the nonuniform transverse laser distribution in a photoinjector
journal, September 2002
- Zhou, F.; Ben-Zvi, I.; Babzien, M.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 5, Issue 9
Distributed Optimization and Statistical Learning via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers
book, January 2011
- Boyd, Stephen; Parikh, Neal; Chu, Eric
A new high-brightness electron injector for free electron lasers driven by RF linacs
journal, September 1986
- Fraser, J. S.; Sheffield, R. L.; Gray, E. R.
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 250, Issue 1-2
Photocathode quantum efficiency mapping at high resolution using a digital micromirror device
journal, June 2013
- Riddick, B. C.; Montgomery, E. J.; Fiorito, R. B.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 16, Issue 6
Detailed characterization of electron sources yielding first demonstration of European X-ray Free-Electron Laser beam quality
journal, February 2010
- Stephan, F.; Boulware, C. H.; Krasilnikov, M.
- Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 13, Issue 2
Envelope analysis of intense relativistic quasilaminar beams in rf photoinjectors:mA theory of emittance compensation
journal, June 1997
- Serafini, Luca; Rosenzweig, James B.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 55, Issue 6