Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS)

Rajendran, Lalit K.; Bane, Sally P.  M.; Vlachos, Pavlos P.

doi:10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3

Title: Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS)

Abstract

We propose here a dot tracking methodology for processing background-oriented schlieren (BOS) images. The technique improves the accuracy, precision and spatial resolution compared to conventional cross-correlation algorithms. Our methodology utilizes the prior information about the dot pattern such as the location, size and number of dots to provide near 100% yield even for high dot densities (20 dots/32 × 32 pixels) and is robust to image noise. Furthermore, we propose an improvement to the displacement estimation step in the tracking process, especially for noisy images, using a “correlation correction”, whereby we combine the spatial resolution benefit of the tracking method and the smoothing property of the correlation method to increase the dynamic range of the overall measurement process. We evaluate the performance of the method with synthetic BOS images of buoyancy-driven turbulence rendered using ray-tracing simulations, and experimental images of flow in the exit plane of a converging–diverging nozzle. The results show that the improved spatial resolution results in a better accuracy of the tracking method compared to correlation-based methods in regions with sharp displacement gradients, and the correlation correction step reduces the noise floor of the measurement, resulting in a fourfold improvement in the dynamic range.

Authors:

Rajendran, Lalit K. ^[1]; Bane, Sally P. M. ^[1]; Vlachos, Pavlos P. ^[2]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). School of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). School of Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date:: Thu Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1598795

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018156

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Experiments in Fluids

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 60; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0723-4864

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING

Citation Formats


                    Rajendran, Lalit K., Bane, Sally P.  M., and Vlachos, Pavlos P. Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS).  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3.

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                    Rajendran, Lalit K., Bane, Sally P.  M., & Vlachos, Pavlos P. Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3

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                    Rajendran, Lalit K., Bane, Sally P.  M., and Vlachos, Pavlos P. Thu .  
"Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1598795.

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@article{osti_1598795,

  title        = {Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS)},

  author       = {Rajendran, Lalit K. and Bane, Sally P.  M. and Vlachos, Pavlos P.},

  abstractNote = {We propose here a dot tracking methodology for processing background-oriented schlieren (BOS) images. The technique improves the accuracy, precision and spatial resolution compared to conventional cross-correlation algorithms. Our methodology utilizes the prior information about the dot pattern such as the location, size and number of dots to provide near 100% yield even for high dot densities (20 dots/32 × 32 pixels) and is robust to image noise. Furthermore, we propose an improvement to the displacement estimation step in the tracking process, especially for noisy images, using a “correlation correction”, whereby we combine the spatial resolution benefit of the tracking method and the smoothing property of the correlation method to increase the dynamic range of the overall measurement process. We evaluate the performance of the method with synthetic BOS images of buoyancy-driven turbulence rendered using ray-tracing simulations, and experimental images of flow in the exit plane of a converging–diverging nozzle. The results show that the improved spatial resolution results in a better accuracy of the tracking method compared to correlation-based methods in regions with sharp displacement gradients, and the correlation correction step reduces the noise floor of the measurement, resulting in a fourfold improvement in the dynamic range.},

  doi          = {10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3},

  journal      = {Experiments in Fluids},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 60,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Thu Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-019-2793-3

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Cited by: 13 works

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Figure 1: Dot Tracking Methodology.

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Uncertainty quantification in density estimation from background oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements
journal, December 2019

Rajendran, Lalit K.; Zhang, Jiacheng; Bhattacharya, Sayantan
Measurement Science and Technology
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/ab60c8

Uncertainty Quantification in density estimation from Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements
text, January 2019

Rajendran, Lalit K.; Zhang, Jiacheng; Bhattacharya, Sayantan
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1909.06643

Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

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Similar Records

Title: Dot tracking methodology for background-oriented schlieren (BOS)

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Computerized background-oriented schlieren journal, July 2002

Physically-Based Interactive Flow Visualization Based on Schlieren and Interferometry Experimental Techniques journal, November 2011

Assessment and application of quantitative schlieren methods: Calibrated color schlieren and background oriented schlieren journal, November 2003

Whole-field density measurements by 'synthetic schlieren' journal, April 2000

Super-resolution particle imaging velocimetry journal, June 1995

On velocity gradients in PIV interrogation journal, December 2007

Enhanced particle-tracking velocimetry (EPTV) with a combined two-component pair-matching algorithm journal, June 2008

Density measurements using the Background Oriented Schlieren technique journal, April 2004

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements journal, October 2005

Principle and applications of the background oriented schlieren (BOS) method journal, August 2001

Iterative multigrid approach in PIV image processing with discrete window offset journal, May 1999

A variational approach for particle tracking velocimetry journal, June 2005

Data exploration of turbulence simulations using a database cluster conference, January 2007

Background-oriented schlieren (BOS) techniques journal, March 2015

Fundamentals of digital particle image velocimetry journal, December 1997

Universal outlier detection for PIV data journal, August 2005

A vision-based hybrid particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique using a modified cascade correlation peak-finding method journal, August 2012

Non-iterative double-frame 2D/3D particle tracking velocimetry journal, August 2017

An evaluation of optical flow algorithms for background oriented schlieren imaging journal, October 2008

Theory of cross-correlation analysis of PIV images journal, July 1992

A novel algorithm for particle tracking velocimetry using the velocity gradient tensor journal, December 2000

A comparison of three quantitative schlieren techniques journal, January 2012

Distortion compensation for generalized stereoscopic particle image velocimetry journal, December 1997

On the resolution limit of digital particle image velocimetry journal, February 2012

A dot tracking algorithm to measure free surface deformations text, January 2018

Higher order multi-frame particle tracking velocimetry journal, May 2013

Comparison of Gaussian particle center estimators and the achievable measurement density for particle tracking velocimetry journal, August 2000

A public turbulence database cluster and applications to study Lagrangian evolution of velocity increments in turbulence journal, January 2008

Advances in iterative multigrid PIV image processing journal, December 2000

Methods for Digital Particle Image Sizing (DPIS): Comparisons and improvements journal, December 2009

Assessment of advanced windowing techniques for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) journal, June 2009

A particle tracking velocimetry algorithm based on the Voronoi diagram journal, June 2015

A review of recent developments in schlieren and shadowgraph techniques journal, February 2017

Tracing rays through graded-index media: a new method journal, January 1982

A multi-parametric particle-pairing algorithm for particle tracking in single and multiphase flows journal, August 2011

Particle-tracking velocimetry with new algorithms journal, May 2000

Buoyancy-driven variable-density turbulence journal, October 2007

Iterative image deformation methods in PIV journal, November 2001

Uncertainty quantification in density estimation from background oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements journal, December 2019

Uncertainty Quantification in density estimation from Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements text, January 2019

Computerized background-oriented schlieren
journal, July 2002

Physically-Based Interactive Flow Visualization Based on Schlieren and Interferometry Experimental Techniques
journal, November 2011

Assessment and application of quantitative schlieren methods: Calibrated color schlieren and background oriented schlieren
journal, November 2003

Whole-field density measurements by 'synthetic schlieren'
journal, April 2000

Super-resolution particle imaging velocimetry
journal, June 1995

On velocity gradients in PIV interrogation
journal, December 2007

Enhanced particle-tracking velocimetry (EPTV) with a combined two-component pair-matching algorithm
journal, June 2008

Density measurements using the Background Oriented Schlieren technique
journal, April 2004

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements
journal, October 2005

Principle and applications of the background oriented schlieren (BOS) method
journal, August 2001

Iterative multigrid approach in PIV image processing with discrete window offset
journal, May 1999

A variational approach for particle tracking velocimetry
journal, June 2005

Data exploration of turbulence simulations using a database cluster
conference, January 2007

Background-oriented schlieren (BOS) techniques
journal, March 2015

Fundamentals of digital particle image velocimetry
journal, December 1997

Universal outlier detection for PIV data
journal, August 2005

A vision-based hybrid particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique using a modified cascade correlation peak-finding method
journal, August 2012

Non-iterative double-frame 2D/3D particle tracking velocimetry
journal, August 2017

An evaluation of optical flow algorithms for background oriented schlieren imaging
journal, October 2008

Theory of cross-correlation analysis of PIV images
journal, July 1992

A novel algorithm for particle tracking velocimetry using the velocity gradient tensor
journal, December 2000

A comparison of three quantitative schlieren techniques
journal, January 2012

Distortion compensation for generalized stereoscopic particle image velocimetry
journal, December 1997

On the resolution limit of digital particle image velocimetry
journal, February 2012

A dot tracking algorithm to measure free surface deformations
text, January 2018

Higher order multi-frame particle tracking velocimetry
journal, May 2013

Comparison of Gaussian particle center estimators and the achievable measurement density for particle tracking velocimetry
journal, August 2000

A public turbulence database cluster and applications to study Lagrangian evolution of velocity increments in turbulence
journal, January 2008

Advances in iterative multigrid PIV image processing
journal, December 2000

Methods for Digital Particle Image Sizing (DPIS): Comparisons and improvements
journal, December 2009

Assessment of advanced windowing techniques for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV)
journal, June 2009

A particle tracking velocimetry algorithm based on the Voronoi diagram
journal, June 2015

A review of recent developments in schlieren and shadowgraph techniques
journal, February 2017

Tracing rays through graded-index media: a new method
journal, January 1982

A multi-parametric particle-pairing algorithm for particle tracking in single and multiphase flows
journal, August 2011

Particle-tracking velocimetry with new algorithms
journal, May 2000

Buoyancy-driven variable-density turbulence
journal, October 2007

Iterative image deformation methods in PIV
journal, November 2001

Uncertainty quantification in density estimation from background oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements
journal, December 2019

Uncertainty Quantification in density estimation from Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements
text, January 2019