Title: Understanding the Air-Exposure Degradation Chemistry at a Nanoscale of Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · · Nano Letters
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute; University of Texas at Austin
  2. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute
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Undesired reactions between layered sodium transition-metal oxide cathodes and air impede their utilization in practical sodium-ion batteries. Consequently, a fundamental understanding of how layered oxide cathodes degrade in air is of paramount importance, but it has not been fully understood yet. Here a comprehensive study on a model material NaNi0.7Mn0.15Co0.15O2 reveals its reaction chemistry with air and the dynamic evolution of the degradation species upon air exposure. In this work, we find that besides the extraction of Na+ ions from the crystal lattice to form NaOH, Na2CO3, and Na2CO3·H2O in contact with air, nickel ions gradually dissolve from the bulk to form NiO and accumulate on the particle surface as revealed by subnanometer surface-sensitive time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The degradation species on the surface are insulating, leading to an increase in interfacial resistance and declined electrochemical performance. We also demonstrate a feasible surface coating strategy for suppressing the unfavorable degradation process. Finally, understanding the degradation mechanism at a nanoscale can facilitate the future development of high-energy cathodes for sodium-ion batteries.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0005397
OSTI ID:
1598250
Journal Information:
Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 19; ISSN 1530-6984
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (6)

A Water Stable, Near‐Zero‐Strain O3‐Layered Titanium‐Based Anode for Long Cycle Sodium‐Ion Battery journal December 2019
An Ordered Ni 6 ‐Ring Superstructure Enables a Highly Stable Sodium Oxide Cathode journal September 2019
Electrochemical Performance Optimization of Layered P2‐Type Na 0.67 MnO 2 through Simultaneous Mn‐Site Doping and Nanostructure Engineering journal November 2019
Ni-based cathode materials for Na-ion batteries journal June 2019
The immobilizing polysulfide mechanism of cadmium-doping carbon aerogels via a microtemplate for high performance Li–S batteries journal January 2020
Air-Stable NaxTMO2 Cathodes for Sodium Storage journal May 2019

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Sodium-ion batteries
air sensitivity
high-Ni layered oxides
secondary ion mass spectroscopy
surface nanocoating
transition-metal dissolution