Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes

Zhou, Chen; Lu, Jian; Hu, Yongyun; Zelinka, Mark D.

doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0315.1

Title: Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes

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Abstract

We discuss idealized experiments performed with the Community Atmospheric Model 5.3 which indicate that the width and strength of the Hadley circulation (HC) are sensitive to the location of sea surface temperature (SST) increases. The HC edge shifts poleward in response to SST increases over the subtropical regions near and on the equatorward flank of the HC edge, and shifts equatorward in response to warming over the tropical area except for the western Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. The HC is strengthened in response to SST increases over the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and is weakened in response to SST increases over the subsidence branch of the HC in the subtropics. Tropical SST increases off the ITCZ tend to weaken the HC in the corresponding hemisphere and strengthen the HC in the opposite hemisphere. These results could be used to explain the simulated HC changes induced by recent SST variations, and it is estimated that more than half of the SST-induced HC widening in 1980–2014 is caused by changes in the spatial pattern of SST.

Authors:

Zhou, Chen ^[1]; Lu, Jian ^[2]; Hu, Yongyun ^[3]; Zelinka, Mark D. ^[4]

Nanjing Univ. (China)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Peking Univ., Beijing (China)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-12-12

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

OSTI Identifier:: 1597585

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1606191

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-772602; PNNL-SA-143197
Journal ID: ISSN 0894-8755; 964240

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NSFC-41875095; AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Climate

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 33; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0894-8755

Publisher:: American Meteorological Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Geosciences; Atmospheric circulation; Hadley circulation; Decadal variability; Interannual variability

Citation Formats


                    Zhou, Chen, Lu, Jian, Hu, Yongyun, and Zelinka, Mark D. Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0315.1.

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                    Zhou, Chen, Lu, Jian, Hu, Yongyun, & Zelinka, Mark D. Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0315.1

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                    Zhou, Chen, Lu, Jian, Hu, Yongyun, and Zelinka, Mark D. Thu .  
"Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0315.1.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1597585.

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@article{osti_1597585,

  title        = {Responses of the Hadley Circulation to Regional Sea Surface Temperature Changes},

  author       = {Zhou, Chen and Lu, Jian and Hu, Yongyun and Zelinka, Mark D.},

  abstractNote = {We discuss idealized experiments performed with the Community Atmospheric Model 5.3 which indicate that the width and strength of the Hadley circulation (HC) are sensitive to the location of sea surface temperature (SST) increases. The HC edge shifts poleward in response to SST increases over the subtropical regions near and on the equatorward flank of the HC edge, and shifts equatorward in response to warming over the tropical area except for the western Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. The HC is strengthened in response to SST increases over the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and is weakened in response to SST increases over the subsidence branch of the HC in the subtropics. Tropical SST increases off the ITCZ tend to weaken the HC in the corresponding hemisphere and strengthen the HC in the opposite hemisphere. These results could be used to explain the simulated HC changes induced by recent SST variations, and it is estimated that more than half of the SST-induced HC widening in 1980–2014 is caused by changes in the spatial pattern of SST.},

  doi          = {10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0315.1},

  journal      = {Journal of Climate},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 33,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {12}

}

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