DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Optical absorption in polycrystalline PETN, RDX, HMX, CL-20 and HNS and its possible effect on exploding bridgewire detonator function

Journal Article · · Journal of Energetic Materials

Exploding bridgewire (EBW) detonators work by bursting a thin conducting wire as a result of a high voltage discharge. This process is known to produce a strong UV emission. In this work, the roles of optical absorption, photochemistry, shock sensitivity, and impact sensitivity are assessed with respect to the relative roles each plays in the operation of an EBW detonator. The optical absorptivity and penetration depth have been measured using dilute polycrystalline samples of PETN, RDX, HMX, CL-20 and HNS in KBr between 190 and 1100 nm. The results show strong absorption at UV wavelengths with a gradual decline at longer ones. It is found that while strong UV absorption appears to be necessary, it is not sufficient to make an effective EBW detonator.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001
OSTI ID:
1597356
Report Number(s):
LA-UR--19-29636
Journal Information:
Journal of Energetic Materials, Journal Name: Journal of Energetic Materials Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 38; ISSN 0737-0652
Publisher:
Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (25)

Physico-Chemical Properties of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazacyclooctane (HMX) journal January 1969
Characteristics of RDX combustion zones at different pressures and initial temperatures journal September 2006
Calculations of the Bond Dissociation Energies for NO2 Scission in Some Nitro Compounds journal October 2005
The 248 nm photodecomposition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine journal December 1989
Initiation of chemistry in molecular solids by processes involving electronic excited states journal February 2002
UV Resonance Raman Investigation of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Solution Photochemistry and Photoproduct Hydrolysis journal October 2017
FT-IR Spectra of Photochemical Reaction Products of Crystalline RDX journal October 1995
Influence of steric effects on the excited triplet-state lifetime of 2,2'-dinitrostilbene and 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene in acetonitrile solution journal August 1992
Laser Initiation of Energetic Materials: Selective Photoinitiation Regime in Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate journal March 2011
Experimental and TD-DFT Study of Optical Absorption of Six Explosive Molecules: RDX, HMX, PETN, TNT, TATP, and HMTD journal March 2013
Energies of Electronic Transitions of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Molecules and Crystals journal April 2014
Optical Absorption Energies of Molecular Defects in Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Crystals: Quantum Chemical Modeling journal November 2014
Chemistry of aliphatic unconjugated nitramines. Part 5.—Primary photochemical processes in polycrystalline RDX journal January 1971
Chemistry of aliphatic unconjugated nitramines. Part 6.—Solid state photolysis of RDX journal January 1971
Optical Absorption Measurements of RDX
  • Whitley, Von H.
  • SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2005: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2263576
conference January 2006
Plasmonic Enhancement of Direct Optical Initiation of Explosives
  • Moore, D. S.; Akinci, A. A.; Giambra, A. M.
  • SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER 2009: Proceedings of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3295092
conference January 2009
Decomposition of pentaerythritol tetranitrate [C(CH 2 ONO 2 ) 4 ] following electronic excitation journal October 2011
Finding the “lost-time” in detonator function journal March 2019
Characterization of HMX particles in PBX 9501
  • Skidmore, C. B.; Phillips, D. S.; Son, S. F.
  • The tenth American Physical Society topical conference on shock compression of condensed matter, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.55666
conference January 1998
Progress on Laser-Induced Decomposition of Explosives Investigated by Spectroscopic Methods journal March 2014
Ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy of some energetic molecules in the solid state journal March 1991
Absorption of Cyclic Polynitramines in the solid and Solvated States journal November 1976
A review of the mechanism by which exploding bridge-wire detonators function journal July 2019
Solution and Solid Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) Ultraviolet (UV) 229 nm Photochemistry journal May 2015
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Chain Molecules Consisting of Alternating Benzene Rings and Ethylenic Bonds. journal January 1957