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Title: AWARE: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE) performed comprehensive meteorological and aerosol measurements and ground-based atmospheric remote sensing at two Antarctic stations using the most advanced instrumentation available. A suite of cloud research radars, lidars, spectral and broadband radiometers, aerosol chemical and microphysical sampling equipment, and meteorological instrumentation was deployed at McMurdo Station on Ross Island from December 2015 through December 2016. A smaller suite of radiometers and meteorological equipment, including radiosondes optimized for surface energy budget measurement, was deployed on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet between 4 December 2015 and 17 January 2016. AWARE provided Antarctic atmospheric data comparable to several well-instrumented high Arctic sites that have operated for many years and that reveal numerous contrasts with the Arctic in aerosol and cloud microphysical properties. These include persistent differences in liquid cloud occurrence, cloud height, and cloud thickness. Antarctic aerosol properties are also quite different from the Arctic in both seasonal cycle and composition, due to the continent’s isolation from lower latitudes by Southern Ocean storm tracks. Antarctic aerosol number and mass concentrations are not only non-negligible but perhaps play a more important role than previously recognized because of the higher sensitivitiesmore » of clouds at the very low concentrations caused by the large-scale dynamical isolation. Antarctic aerosol chemical composition, particularly organic components, has implications for local cloud microphysics. The AWARE dataset, fully available online in the ARM Program data archive, offers numerous case studies for unique and rigorous evaluation of mixed-phase cloud parameterization in climate models.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [5];  [4];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [5];  [10];  [11];  [2];  [12];  [13];  [14];  [15];  [1] more »;  [11];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  2. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  3. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
  4. Univ. of Leicester (United Kingdom)
  5. Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Columbus, OH (United States)
  6. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  7. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
  8. NASA Goddard Inst. for Space Studies (GISS), New York, NY (United States)
  9. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
  10. Univ. of Cologne (Germany)
  11. Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto (Canada)
  12. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (United Kingdom)
  13. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  14. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA (United States). Pacific Marine Environmental Lab. (PMEL)
  15. NorthWest Research Associates, Redmond, WA (United States); Univ. of Santiago (Chile)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); German Research Foundation (DFG)
OSTI Identifier:
1597251
Report Number(s):
BNL-213601-2020-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704; SC0017967; AC02-06CH11357; SC0017981; NNX15AN45H PLR-1443549; PLR-1543236; KN 1112/2-1
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 101; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Publisher:
American Meteorological Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Lubin, Dan, Zhang, Damao, Silber, Israel, C. Scott, Ryan C., Kalogeras, Petros, Bromwich, David H., Battaglia, Alessandro, Cadeddu, Maria, Eloranta, Edwin, Fridlind, Ann, Frossard, Amanda, Hines, Keith M., Kneifel, Stefan, Leaitch, W. Richard, Lin, Wuyin, Nicolas, Julien, Powers, Heath, Quinn, Patricia K., Rowe, Penny, Russell, Lynn M., Sharma, Sangeeta, Verlinde, Johannes, and Vogelmann, Andrew M. AWARE: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1175/bams-d-18-0278.1.
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Lubin, Dan, Zhang, Damao, Silber, Israel, C. Scott, Ryan C., Kalogeras, Petros, Bromwich, David H., Battaglia, Alessandro, Cadeddu, Maria, Eloranta, Edwin, Fridlind, Ann, Frossard, Amanda, Hines, Keith M., Kneifel, Stefan, Leaitch, W. Richard, Lin, Wuyin, Nicolas, Julien, Powers, Heath, Quinn, Patricia K., Rowe, Penny, Russell, Lynn M., Sharma, Sangeeta, Verlinde, Johannes, & Vogelmann, Andrew M. AWARE: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0278.1
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Lubin, Dan, Zhang, Damao, Silber, Israel, C. Scott, Ryan C., Kalogeras, Petros, Bromwich, David H., Battaglia, Alessandro, Cadeddu, Maria, Eloranta, Edwin, Fridlind, Ann, Frossard, Amanda, Hines, Keith M., Kneifel, Stefan, Leaitch, W. Richard, Lin, Wuyin, Nicolas, Julien, Powers, Heath, Quinn, Patricia K., Rowe, Penny, Russell, Lynn M., Sharma, Sangeeta, Verlinde, Johannes, and Vogelmann, Andrew M. Tue . "AWARE: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0278.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1597251.
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@article{osti_1597251,
title = {AWARE: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment},
author = {Lubin, Dan and Zhang, Damao and Silber, Israel and C. Scott, Ryan C. and Kalogeras, Petros and Bromwich, David H. and Battaglia, Alessandro and Cadeddu, Maria and Eloranta, Edwin and Fridlind, Ann and Frossard, Amanda and Hines, Keith M. and Kneifel, Stefan and Leaitch, W. Richard and Lin, Wuyin and Nicolas, Julien and Powers, Heath and Quinn, Patricia K. and Rowe, Penny and Russell, Lynn M. and Sharma, Sangeeta and Verlinde, Johannes and Vogelmann, Andrew M.},
abstractNote = {The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE) performed comprehensive meteorological and aerosol measurements and ground-based atmospheric remote sensing at two Antarctic stations using the most advanced instrumentation available. A suite of cloud research radars, lidars, spectral and broadband radiometers, aerosol chemical and microphysical sampling equipment, and meteorological instrumentation was deployed at McMurdo Station on Ross Island from December 2015 through December 2016. A smaller suite of radiometers and meteorological equipment, including radiosondes optimized for surface energy budget measurement, was deployed on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet between 4 December 2015 and 17 January 2016. AWARE provided Antarctic atmospheric data comparable to several well-instrumented high Arctic sites that have operated for many years and that reveal numerous contrasts with the Arctic in aerosol and cloud microphysical properties. These include persistent differences in liquid cloud occurrence, cloud height, and cloud thickness. Antarctic aerosol properties are also quite different from the Arctic in both seasonal cycle and composition, due to the continent’s isolation from lower latitudes by Southern Ocean storm tracks. Antarctic aerosol number and mass concentrations are not only non-negligible but perhaps play a more important role than previously recognized because of the higher sensitivities of clouds at the very low concentrations caused by the large-scale dynamical isolation. Antarctic aerosol chemical composition, particularly organic components, has implications for local cloud microphysics. The AWARE dataset, fully available online in the ARM Program data archive, offers numerous case studies for unique and rigorous evaluation of mixed-phase cloud parameterization in climate models.},
doi = {10.1175/bams-d-18-0278.1},
journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
number = 7,
volume = 101,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jul 21 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Tue Jul 21 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Cloud Cover over the South Pole from Visual Observations, Satellite Retrievals, and Surface-Based Infrared Radiation Measurements
journal, February 2007

  • Town, Michael S.; Walden, Von P.; Warren, Stephen G.
  • Journal of Climate, Vol. 20, Issue 3
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Simulation of Present-Day and Twenty-First-Century Energy Budgets of the Southern Oceans
journal, January 2010

The Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment
journal, February 2007

  • Verlinde, J.; Harrington, J. Y.; McFarquhar, G. M.
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Radiometric validation of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder over the Antarctic Plateau
journal, January 2006

  • Walden, V. P.; Roth, W. L.; Stone, R. S.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue D9
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Stability of the Junction of an Ice Sheet and an Ice Shelf
journal, January 1974

Source attribution of Arctic black carbon constrained by aircraft and surface measurements
journal, January 2017

  • Xu, Jun-Wei; Martin, Randall V.; Morrow, Andrew
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 19
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Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing: ARCTIC FROST FLOWER AEROSOL PRODUCTION
journal, December 2013

  • Xu, Li; Russell, Lynn M.; Somerville, Richard C. J.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 23
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Potential sea salt aerosol sources from frost flowers in the pan-Arctic region: SALT AEROSOL SOURCES FROM FROST FLOWERS
journal, September 2016

  • Xu, Li; Russell, Lynn M.; Burrows, Susannah M.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 121, Issue 18
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Comparison of Antarctic and Arctic Single‐Layer Stratiform Mixed‐Phase Cloud Properties Using Ground‐Based Remote Sensing Measurements
journal, September 2019

  • Zhang, Damao; Vogelmann, Andrew; Kollias, Pavlos
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West Antarctic surface melt event of January 2016 facilitated by föhn warming
journal, January 2019

  • Zou, Xun; Bromwich, David H.; Nicolas, Julien P.
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Mass changes of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets and shelves and contributions to sea-level rise: 1992–2002
journal, January 2005

An assessment and interpretation of the observed warming of West Antarctica in the austral spring
journal, January 2011

Potential Antarctic Ice Sheet retreat driven by hydrofracturing and ice cliff failure
journal, February 2015

  • Pollard, David; DeConto, Robert M.; Alley, Richard B.
  • Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 412
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The Microphysics of Stratiform Precipitation During OLYMPEX: Compatibility Between Triple‐Frequency Radar and Airborne In Situ Observations
journal, August 2019

  • Tridon, Frédéric; Battaglia, Alessandro; Chase, Randy J.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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Toward autonomous surface-based infrared remote sensing of polar clouds: retrievals of cloud optical and microphysical properties
journal, January 2019

  • Rowe, Penny M.; Cox, Christopher J.; Neshyba, Steven
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 9
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Remote sensing of ice crystal asymmetry parameter using multi-directional polarization measurements – Part 1: Methodology and evaluation with simulated measurements
journal, January 2012

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Ice-dynamic projections of the Greenland ice sheet in response to atmospheric and oceanic warming
journal, January 2015

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    xsacrgridrhi.c1
    dataset, January 2020

    • Wang, Meng; Giangrande, Scott; Hardin, Joseph
    • Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Archive, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (US); ARM Data Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
    • DOI: 10.5439/1645174

    kasacrgridrhi.c1
    dataset, January 2020

    • Wang, Meng; Giangrande, Scott; Hardin, Joseph
    • Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Archive, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (US); ARM Data Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
    • DOI: 10.5439/1645175

    kasacrcfrcorhsrhi.c1
    dataset, January 2020

    • Wang, Meng; Giangrande, Scott; Johnson, Karen
    • Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Archive, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (US); ARM Data Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
    • DOI: 10.5439/1645177
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