Dynamical Constraints on the HR 8799 Planets with GPI

Wang, Jason J.; Graham, James R.; Dawson, Rebekah; Fabrycky, Daniel; De Rosa, Robert J.; Pueyo, Laurent; Konopacky, Quinn; Macintosh, Bruce; Marois, Christian; Chiang, Eugene; Ammons, S. Mark; Arriaga, Pauline; Bailey, Vanessa P.; Barman, Travis; Bulger, Joanna; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Cotten, Tara; Doyon, Rene; Duchêne, Gaspard; Esposito, Thomas M.; Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Follette, Katherine B.; Gerard, Benjamin L.; Goodsell, Stephen J.; Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.; Hibon, Pascale; Hung, Li-Wei; Ingraham, Patrick; Kalas, Paul; Larkin, James E.; Maire, Jérôme; Marchis, Franck; Marley, Mark S.; Metchev, Stanimir; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Nielsen, Eric L.; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Palmer, David; Patience, Jennifer; Perrin, Marshall; Poyneer, Lisa; Rajan, Abhijith; Rameau, Julien; Rantakyrö, Fredrik T.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Savransky, Dmitry; Schneider, Adam C.; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Song, Inseok; Soummer, Remi; Thomas, Sandrine; Wallace, J. Kent; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Wiktorowicz, Sloane; Wolff, Schuyler

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae150

Title: Dynamical Constraints on the HR 8799 Planets with GPI

Journal Article · 11 October 2018 · The Astronomical Journal (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aae150 · OSTI ID:1597219

; Graham, James R.;

;

; Pueyo, Laurent;

;

; Doyon, Rene;

;

The HR 8799 system uniquely harbors four young super-Jupiters whose orbits can provide insights into the system's dynamical history and constrain the masses of the planets themselves. Using the Gemini Planet Imager, we obtained down to one milliarcsecond precision on the astrometry of these planets. We assessed four-planet orbit models with different levels of constraints and found that assuming the planets are near 1:2:4:8 period commensurabilities, or are coplanar, does not worsen the fit. We added the prior that the planets must have been stable for the age of the system (40 Myr) by running orbit configurations from our posteriors through N-body simulations and varying the masses of the planets. We found that only assuming the planets are both coplanar and near 1:2:4:8 period commensurabilities produces dynamically stable orbits in large quantities. Our posterior of stable coplanar orbits tightly constrains the planets' orbits, and we discuss implications for the outermost planet b shaping the debris disk. A four-planet resonance lock is not necessary for stability up to now. However, planet pairs d and e, and c and d, are each likely locked in two-body resonances for stability if their component masses are above 6 M Jup and 7 M Jup, respectively. Combining the dynamical and luminosity constraints on the masses using hot-start evolutionary models and a system age of 42 ± 5 Myr, we found the mass of planet b to be 5.8 ± 0.5 M Jup, and the masses of planets c, d, and e to be $${7.2}_{-0.7}^{+0.6}\,{M}_{\mathrm{Jup}}$$ each.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Contributing Organization:: GPIES Team

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1597219

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-804151; 1007265

Journal Information:: The Astronomical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astronomical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 156; ISSN 1538-3881

Publisher:: IOP Publishing - AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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A new paradigm for reproducing and analyzing N-body simulations of planetary systems Rein, Hanno; Tamayo, Daniel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1701.07423	text	January 2017
Plausible Compositions of the Seven TRAPPIST-1 Planets Using Long-term Dynamical Simulations Quarles, Billy; Quintana, Elisa V.; Lopez, Eric D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1704.02261	text	January 2017
Automated data processing architecture for the Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey Wang, Jason; Perrin, Marshall; Savransky, Dmitry arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.01902	text	January 2018
A Signature of Planetary Migration: The Origin of Asymmetric Capture in the 2:1 Resonance Murray-Clay, Ruth A.; Chiang, Eugene I. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0410086	text	January 2004

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First direct detection of an exoplanet by optical interferometry: Astrometry and K -band spectroscopy of HR 8799 e Lacour, S.; Nowak, M.; Wang, J. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 623 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935253	journal	March 2019
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The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey: Giant Planet and Brown Dwarf Demographics from 10 to 100 au Nielsen, El; De Rosa, Rj; Macintosh, B. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.39168	text	January 2019
Three Direct Imaging Epochs Could Constrain the Orbit of Earth 2.0 inside the Habitable Zone Guimond, Claire Marie; Cowan, Nicolas B. The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 157, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab0f2e	journal	April 2019
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Tidal circularization of gaseous planets orbiting white dwarfs Veras, Dimitri; Fuller, Jim arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.08052	text	January 2019
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New constraints on the HR 8799 planetary system from mid-infrared direct imaging de la Roche, D. J. M. Petit dit; Ancker, M. E. van den; Kissler-Patig, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.04814	text	January 2019
Population-Level Eccentricity Distributions of Imaged Exoplanets and Brown Dwarf Companions: Dynamical Evidence for Distinct Formation Channels Bowler, Brendan P.; Blunt, Sarah C.; Nielsen, Eric L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.10569	text	January 2019

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Astronomy
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planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
planets and satellites: gaseous planets
planet–disk interactions
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Title: Dynamical Constraints on the HR 8799 Planets with GPI

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