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Title: BICEP2/Keck Array XI: Beam Characterization and Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in the BK15 Data Set

Abstract

Precision measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization require extreme control of instrumental systematics. In a companion paper we have presented cosmological constraints from observations with the BICEP2 and Keck Array experiments up to and including the 2015 observing season (BK15), resulting in the deepest CMB polarization maps to date and a statistical sensitivity to the tensor-to-scalar ratio of σ(r) = 0.020. In this work we characterize the beams and constrain potential systematic contamination from main beam shape mismatch at the three BK15 frequencies (95, 150, and 220 GHz). Herein far-field maps of 7360 distinct beam patterns taken from 2010–2015 are used to measure differential beam parameters and predict the contribution of temperature-to-polarization leakage to the BK15 B-mode maps. In the multifrequency, multicomponent likelihood analysis that uses BK15, Planck, and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps to separate sky components, we find that adding this predicted leakage to simulations induces a bias of Δr = 0.0027 ± 0.0019. Future results using higher-quality beam maps and improved techniques to detect such leakage in CMB data will substantially reduce this uncertainty, enabling the levels of systematics control needed for BICEP Array and other experiments that plan to definitively probe large-field inflation.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
Keck Array and BICEP2 Collaborations
OSTI Identifier:
1596971
Report Number(s):
arXiv:1904.01640v2
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; TRN: US2102936
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; ANT-1145172; ANT-1145143; ANT-1145248; 06-ARPA206-0040; 10-SAT10-0017
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 884; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; gravitational waves; inflation; polarization

Citation Formats

Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Crumrine, M., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Larsen, N. A., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O’Brient, R., IV, R. W. Ogburn, Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., Germaine, T. St., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H., Yoon, K. W., and Zhang, C. BICEP2/Keck Array XI: Beam Characterization and Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in the BK15 Data Set. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab391d.
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Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Crumrine, M., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Larsen, N. A., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O’Brient, R., IV, R. W. Ogburn, Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., Germaine, T. St., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H., Yoon, K. W., & Zhang, C. BICEP2/Keck Array XI: Beam Characterization and Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in the BK15 Data Set. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab391d
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Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Crumrine, M., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Larsen, N. A., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O’Brient, R., IV, R. W. Ogburn, Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., Germaine, T. St., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H., Yoon, K. W., and Zhang, C. Wed . "BICEP2/Keck Array XI: Beam Characterization and Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in the BK15 Data Set". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab391d. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1596971.
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@article{osti_1596971,
title = {BICEP2/Keck Array XI: Beam Characterization and Temperature-to-Polarization Leakage in the BK15 Data Set},
author = {Ade, P. A. R. and Ahmed, Z. and Aikin, R. W. and Barkats, D. and Benton, S. J. and Bischoff, C. A. and Bock, J. J. and Bowens-Rubin, R. and Brevik, J. A. and Buder, I. and Bullock, E. and Buza, V. and Connors, J. and Cornelison, J. and Crill, B. P. and Crumrine, M. and Dierickx, M. and Duband, L. and Filippini, J. P. and Fliescher, S. and Grayson, J. and Hall, G. and Halpern, M. and Harrison, S. and Hildebrandt, S. R. and Hilton, G. C. and Hui, H. and Irwin, K. D. and Kang, J. and Karkare, K. S. and Karpel, E. and Kaufman, J. P. and Keating, B. G. and Kefeli, S. and Kernasovskiy, S. A. and Kovac, J. M. and Kuo, C. L. and Larsen, N. A. and Lau, K. and Leitch, E. M. and Lueker, M. and Megerian, K. G. and Moncelsi, L. and Namikawa, T. and Netterfield, C. B. and Nguyen, H. T. and O’Brient, R. and IV, R. W. Ogburn and Palladino, S. and Pryke, C. and Racine, B. and Richter, S. and Schillaci, A. and Schwarz, R. and Sheehy, C. D. and Soliman, A. and Germaine, T. St. and Staniszewski, Z. K. and Steinbach, B. and Sudiwala, R. V. and Teply, G. P. and Thompson, K. L. and Tolan, J. E. and Tucker, C. and Turner, A. D. and Umilta, C. and Vieregg, A. G. and Wandui, A. and Weber, A. C. and Wiebe, D. V. and Willmert, J. and Wong, C. L. and Wu, W. L. K. and Yang, H. and Yoon, K. W. and Zhang, C.},
abstractNote = {Precision measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization require extreme control of instrumental systematics. In a companion paper we have presented cosmological constraints from observations with the BICEP2 and Keck Array experiments up to and including the 2015 observing season (BK15), resulting in the deepest CMB polarization maps to date and a statistical sensitivity to the tensor-to-scalar ratio of σ(r) = 0.020. In this work we characterize the beams and constrain potential systematic contamination from main beam shape mismatch at the three BK15 frequencies (95, 150, and 220 GHz). Herein far-field maps of 7360 distinct beam patterns taken from 2010–2015 are used to measure differential beam parameters and predict the contribution of temperature-to-polarization leakage to the BK15 B-mode maps. In the multifrequency, multicomponent likelihood analysis that uses BK15, Planck, and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps to separate sky components, we find that adding this predicted leakage to simulations induces a bias of Δr = 0.0027 ± 0.0019. Future results using higher-quality beam maps and improved techniques to detect such leakage in CMB data will substantially reduce this uncertainty, enabling the levels of systematics control needed for BICEP Array and other experiments that plan to definitively probe large-field inflation.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab391d},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 884,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 16 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Wed Oct 16 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab391d
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Figures / Tables:

Table 1 Table 1: BICEP2/Keck Array configuration 2010–2015
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Works referenced in this record:

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    Figure 4 (p. 10)figure
    Figure 5 (p. 11)figure
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