Implications of a 21-cm signal for dark matter annihilation and decay

Liu, Hongwan; Slatyer, Tracy R.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.023501

Title: Implications of a 21-cm signal for dark matter annihilation and decay

Journal Article · 02 July 2018 · Physical Review D

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.023501 · OSTI ID:1596604

Liu, Hongwan ^[1];

^[2]

Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Measurements of the temperature of the baryons at the end of the cosmic dark ages can potentially set very precise constraints on energy injection from exotic sources, such as annihilation or decay of the dark matter. Yet, additional effects that lower the gas temperature can substantially weaken the expected constraints on exotic energy injection, whereas additional radiation backgrounds can conceal the effect of an increased gas temperature in measurements of the 21-cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen. Motivated in part by recent claims of a detection of 21-cm absorption from z~17 by the EDGES experiment, we derive the constraints on dark matter annihilation and decay that can be placed in the presence of extra radiation backgrounds or effects that modify the gas temperature, such as dark matter (DM)–baryon scattering and early baryon-photon decoupling. We find that if the EDGES observation is confirmed, then constraints on light DM decaying or annihilating to electrons will in most scenarios be stronger than existing state-of-the-art limits from the cosmic microwave background, potentially by several orders of magnitude. More generally, our findings allow mapping any future measurement of the global 21-cm signal into constraints on dark matter annihilation and decay, within the broad range of scenarios we consider.

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Research Organization:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0013999; SC0012567

OSTI ID:: 1596604

Report Number(s):: MIT--CTP/4996; arXiv:1803.09739

Journal Information:: Physical Review D, Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 98; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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