Reversible manipulation of the magnetic state in SrRuO3 through electric-field controlled proton evolution

Li, Zhuolu; Shen, Shengchun; Tian, Zijun; Hwangbo, Kyle; Wang, Meng; Wang, Yujia; Bartram, F. Michael; He, Liqun; Lyu, Yingjie; Dong, Yongqi; Wan, Gang; Li, Haobo; Lu, Nianpeng; Zang, Jiadong; Zhou, Hua; Arenholz, Elke; He, Qing; Yang, Luyi; Luo, Weidong; Yu, Pu

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13999-1

Title: Reversible manipulation of the magnetic state in SrRuO₃ through electric-field controlled proton evolution

Journal Article · 09 January 2020 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13999-1 · OSTI ID:1596536

Li, Zhuolu ^[1]; Shen, Shengchun ^[2]; Tian, Zijun ^[3]; Hwangbo, Kyle ^[4];

^[2]; Wang, Yujia ^[2]; Bartram, F. Michael ^[4];

^[4]; Lyu, Yingjie ^[2]; Dong, Yongqi ^[5]; Wan, Gang ^[6]; Li, Haobo ^[2]; Lu, Nianpeng ^[7]; Zang, Jiadong ^[8]; Zhou, Hua ^[6]; Arenholz, Elke ^[9]; He, Qing ^[10];

^[11];

^[12]; Yu, Pu ^[13]

Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China); University of New Hampshire
Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China)
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China)
Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Durham Univ. (United Kingdom)
Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China); Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada); Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing (China)
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing (China)
Tsinghua Univ., Beijing (China); Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing (China); Inst. of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako (Japan)

Ionic substitution forms an essential pathway to manipulate the structural phase, carrier density and crystalline symmetry of materials via ion-electron-lattice coupling, leading to a rich spectrum of electronic states in strongly correlated systems. Using the ferromagnetic metal SrRuO₃ as a model system, we demonstrate an efficient and reversible control of both structural and electronic phase transformations through the electric-field controlled proton evolution with ionic liquid gating. The insertion of protons results in a large structural expansion and increased carrier density, leading to an exotic ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition. Importantly, we reveal a novel protonated compound of HSrRuO₃ with paramagnetic metallic as ground state. We observe a topological Hall effect at the boundary of the phase transition due to the proton concentration gradient across the film-depth. We envision that electric-field controlled protonation opens up a pathway to explore novel electronic states and material functionalities in protonated material systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Basic Research Program of China

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020221; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1596536

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 11; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (76)

Electric‐Field‐Controlled Phase Transformation in WO ₃ Thin Films through Hydrogen Evolution Wang, Meng; Shen, Shengchun; Ni, Jinyang Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703628	journal	October 2017
Emergence of Topological Hall Effect in a SrRuO ₃ Single Layer Qin, Qing; Liu, Liang; Lin, Weinan Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201807008	journal	January 2019
Manipulate the Electronic and Magnetic States in NiCo ₂ O ₄ Films through Electric‐Field‐Induced Protonation at Elevated Temperature Wang, Meng; Sui, Xuelei; Wang, Yujia Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201900458	journal	February 2019
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N. Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09124	journal	June 2010
Two-component anomalous Hall effect in a magnetically doped topological insulator Liu, Nan; Teng, Jing; Li, Yongqing Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03684-0	journal	March 2018
Advances in magnetoelectric multiferroics Spaldin, N. A.; Ramesh, R. Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0275-2	journal	February 2019
Tuning the metal-insulator crossover and magnetism in SrRuO3 by ionic gating Yi, Hee Taek; Gao, Bin; Xie, Wei Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06604	journal	October 2014
Electric field manipulation of magnetic and transport properties in SrRuO3/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 heterostructure Zhou, W. P.; Li, Q.; Xiong, Y. Q. Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06991	journal	November 2014
Ferroelectric field effect in ultrathin SrRuO3 films Ahn, C. H.; Hammond, R. H.; Geballe, T. H. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118203	journal	January 1997
Gate tuning of anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic metal SrRuO ₃ Shimizu, Sunao; Takahashi, Kei S.; Kubota, Masashi Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4899145	journal	October 2014
High-pressure synthesis of the cubic perovskite BaRuO3 and evolution of ferromagnetism in ARuO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) ruthenates Jin, C. -Q.; Zhou, J. -S.; Goodenough, J. B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710928105	journal	May 2008
Progress in perovskite nickelate research Catalan, G. Phase Transitions, Vol. 81, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1080/01411590801992463	journal	July 2008
Multiferroics of spin origin Tokura, Yoshinori; Seki, Shinichiro; Nagaosa, Naoto Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 77, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/77/7/076501	journal	July 2014
Interfacial oxygen-octahedral-tilting-driven electrically tunable topological Hall effect in ultrathin SrRuO ₃ films Gu, Youdi; Wei, Yi-Wen; Xu, Kun Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab2fe8	journal	July 2019
Collective electron ferronmagnetism Stoner, Edmund Clifton Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 165, Issue 922, p. 372-414 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1938.0066	journal	April 1938
Interface-driven topological Hall effect in SrRuO ₃ -SrIrO ₃ bilayer Matsuno, Jobu; Ogawa, Naoki; Yasuda, Kenji Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600304	journal	July 2016
Suppression of Metal-Insulator Transition in VO2 by Electric Field-Induced Oxygen Vacancy Formation Jeong, J.; Aetukuri, N.; Graf, T. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6126 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230512	journal	March 2013
Correlated Oxide Physics and Electronics Ngai, J. H.; Walker, F. J.; Ahn, C. H. Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 44, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070813-113248	journal	July 2014
Topological Hall effect in the A-phase of MnSi Neubauer, A.; Pfleiderer, C.; Binz, B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0902.1933	text	January 2009
Chiral Ordering Spin Associated Glass like State in SrRuO3SrIrO3 Superlattice Pang, Bin; Zhang, Lunyong; Chen, Y. B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.04313	text	January 2016
Protonation induced high-Tc phases in iron-based superconductors evidenced by NMR and magnetization measurements Cui, Yi; Zhang, Gehui; Li, Haobo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.01191	text	January 2017
Electric-field control of anomalous and topological Hall effects in oxide bilayer thin films Ohuchi, Yuki; Matsuno, Jobu; Ogawa, Naoki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.06272	text	January 2018
Anomalous Hall Effect and Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum-Space Fang, Z.; Nagaosa, N.; Takahashi, K. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0310232	text	January 2003
Electric‐Field‐Controlled Phase Transformation in WO ₃ Thin Films through Hydrogen Evolution Wang, Meng; Shen, Shengchun; Ni, Jinyang Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703628	journal	October 2017
Emergence of Topological Hall Effect in a SrRuO ₃ Single Layer Qin, Qing; Liu, Liang; Lin, Weinan Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201807008	journal	January 2019
Manipulate the Electronic and Magnetic States in NiCo ₂ O ₄ Films through Electric‐Field‐Induced Protonation at Elevated Temperature Wang, Meng; Sui, Xuelei; Wang, Yujia Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201900458	journal	February 2019
Metal-insulator transitions Paesler, Michael Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 130, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(91)90162-y	journal	June 1991
Protonation induced high- T c phases in iron-based superconductors evidenced by NMR and magnetization measurements Cui, Yi; Zhang, Gehui; Li, Haobo Science Bulletin, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2017.12.009	journal	January 2018
Observation of Nanoscale Skyrmions in SrIrO ₃ /SrRuO ₃ Bilayers Meng, Keng-Yuan; Ahmed, Adam S.; Baćani, Mirko Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00596	journal	March 2019
Spin-Glass-Like Behavior and Topological Hall Effect in SrRuO ₃ /SrIrO ₃ Superlattices for Oxide Spintronics Applications Pang, Bin; Zhang, Lunyong; Chen, Y. B. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b00150	journal	January 2017
Structure of Hydrous Ruthenium Oxides: Implications for Charge Storage McKeown, David A.; Hagans, Patrick L.; Carette, Linda P. L. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 103, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp990096n	journal	June 1999
The evolution of multiferroics Fiebig, Manfred; Lottermoser, Thomas; Meier, Dennis Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.46	journal	July 2016
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N. Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09124	journal	June 2010
Electric-field control of tri-state phase transformation with a selective dual-ion switch Lu, Nianpeng; Zhang, Pengfei; Zhang, Qinghua Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7656 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22389	journal	May 2017
Electric-field control of anomalous and topological Hall effects in oxide bilayer thin films Ohuchi, Yuki; Matsuno, Jobu; Ogawa, Naoki Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02629-3	journal	January 2018
Two-component anomalous Hall effect in a magnetically doped topological insulator Liu, Nan; Teng, Jing; Li, Yongqing Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03684-0	journal	March 2018
Reducing Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and field-free spin-orbit torque switching in synthetic antiferromagnets Chen, Ruyi; Cui, Qirui; Liao, Liyang Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23414-3	journal	May 2021
Ferroelectrically tunable magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin oxide heterostructures Wang, Lingfei; Feng, Qiyuan; Kim, Yoonkoo Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0204-4	journal	November 2018
Advances in magnetoelectric multiferroics Spaldin, N. A.; Ramesh, R. Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0275-2	journal	February 2019
Tuning the metal-insulator crossover and magnetism in SrRuO3 by ionic gating Yi, Hee Taek; Gao, Bin; Xie, Wei Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06604	journal	October 2014
Electric field manipulation of magnetic and transport properties in SrRuO3/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 heterostructure Zhou, W. P.; Li, Q.; Xiong, Y. Q. Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06991	journal	November 2014
Ferroelectric field effect in ultrathin SrRuO3 films Ahn, C. H.; Hammond, R. H.; Geballe, T. H. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118203	journal	January 1997
Gate tuning of anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic metal SrRuO ₃ Shimizu, Sunao; Takahashi, Kei S.; Kubota, Masashi Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4899145	journal	October 2014
High-pressure synthesis of the cubic perovskite BaRuO3 and evolution of ferromagnetism in ARuO3 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) ruthenates Jin, C. -Q.; Zhou, J. -S.; Goodenough, J. B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710928105	journal	May 2008
Progress in perovskite nickelate research Catalan, G. Phase Transitions, Vol. 81, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1080/01411590801992463	journal	July 2008
Multiferroics of spin origin Tokura, Yoshinori; Seki, Shinichiro; Nagaosa, Naoto Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 77, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/77/7/076501	journal	July 2014
Interfacial oxygen-octahedral-tilting-driven electrically tunable topological Hall effect in ultrathin SrRuO ₃ films Gu, Youdi; Wei, Yi-Wen; Xu, Kun Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab2fe8	journal	July 2019
Collective electron ferronmagnetism Stoner, Edmund Clifton Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 165, Issue 922, p. 372-414 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1938.0066	journal	April 1938
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas Hohenberg, P.; Kohn, W. Physical Review, Vol. 136, Issue 3B, p. B864-B871 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.136.B864	journal	November 1964
Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects Kohn, W.; Sham, L. J. Physical Review, Vol. 140, Issue 4A, p. A1133-A1138 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.140.A1133	journal	November 1965
Electronic structure and magnetism in Ru-based perovskites Mazin, I. I.; Singh, D. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 56, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.56.2556	journal	August 1997
From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method Kresse, G.; Joubert, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 3, p. 1758-1775 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758	journal	January 1999
Topological Hall effect in thin films of the Heisenberg ferromagnet EuO Ohuchi, Y.; Kozuka, Y.; Uchida, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.245115	journal	June 2015
Electric-field-induced modulation of the anomalous Hall effect in a heterostructured itinerant ferromagnet SrRuO 3 Mizuno, Hayato; Yamada, Kihiro T.; Kan, Daisuke Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.214422	journal	December 2017
Alternative to the topological interpretation of the transverse resistivity anomalies in SrRuO 3 Kan, Daisuke; Moriyama, Takahiro; Kobayashi, Kento Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.180408	journal	November 2018
Interpretation of experimental evidence of the topological Hall effect Gerber, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.214440	journal	December 2018
Unusual Hall Effect Anomaly in MnSi under Pressure Lee, Minhyea; Kang, W.; Onose, Y. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.186601	journal	May 2009
Topological Hall Effect in the A Phase of MnSi Neubauer, A.; Pfleiderer, C.; Binz, B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.186602	journal	May 2009
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Metal-insulator transitions Imada, Masatoshi; Fujimori, Atsushi; Tokura, Yoshinori Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 70, Issue 4, p. 1039-1263 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.70.1039	journal	October 1998
Doping a Mott insulator: Physics of high-temperature superconductivity Lee, Patrick A.; Nagaosa, Naoto; Wen, Xiao-Gang Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.78.17	journal	January 2006
Structure, physical properties, and applications of SrRuO 3 thin films Koster, Gertjan; Klein, Lior; Siemons, Wolter Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 84, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.84.253	journal	March 2012
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas Rajagopal, A. K.; Callaway, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.7.1912	journal	March 1973
Interface-driven topological Hall effect in SrRuO ₃ -SrIrO ₃ bilayer Matsuno, Jobu; Ogawa, Naoki; Yasuda, Kenji Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600304	journal	July 2016
The Anomalous Hall Effect and Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum Space Fang, Z. Science, Vol. 302, Issue 5642 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1089408	journal	October 2003
Complexity in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems Dagotto, E. Science, Vol. 309, Issue 5732 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1107559	journal	July 2005
Suppression of Metal-Insulator Transition in VO2 by Electric Field-Induced Oxygen Vacancy Formation Jeong, J.; Aetukuri, N.; Graf, T. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6126 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230512	journal	March 2013
Correlated Oxide Physics and Electronics Ngai, J. H.; Walker, F. J.; Ahn, C. H. Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 44, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070813-113248	journal	July 2014
Unusual Hall Effect Anomaly in MnSi Under Pressure Lee, Minhyea; Kang, W.; Onose, Y. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0811.3146	text	January 2008
Interface-driven topological Hall effect in SrRuO$_3$-SrIrO$_3$ bilayer Matsuno, J.; Ogawa, N.; Yasuda, K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.07536	text	January 2016
Protonation induced high-Tc phases in iron-based superconductors evidenced by NMR and magnetization measurements Cui, Yi; Zhang, Gehui; Li, Haobo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.01191	text	January 2017
Electric-field control of anomalous and topological Hall effects in oxide bilayer thin films Ohuchi, Yuki; Matsuno, Jobu; Ogawa, Naoki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.06272	text	January 2018
Interpretation of experimental evidence of the topological Hall effect Gerber, Alexander arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.07433	text	January 2018
Anomalous Hall Effect and Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum-Space Fang, Z.; Nagaosa, N.; Takahashi, K. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0310232	text	January 2003
Complexity in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems Dagotto, Elbio arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0509041	text	January 2005
Electronic structure and magnetism in Ru based perovskites Mazin, I. I.; Singh, D. J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/9702168	text	January 1997

Similar Records

Epitaxial integration and properties of SrRuO₃ on silicon

Journal Article · 2018 · APL Materials · OSTI ID:1501523

Wang, Zhe; Nair, Hari P.; Correa, Gabriela C.; +8 more

Tuning the metal-insulator crossover and magnetism in SrRuO₃ by ionic gating

Journal Article · 2014 · Scientific Reports · OSTI ID:1221628

Yi, Hee Taek; Gao, Bin; Xie, Wei; +2 more

Itinerant-to-localized electron transition in CaRu{sub 1{minus}{ital x}}Sn{sub {ital x}}O{sub 3} and SrRu{sub 1{minus}{ital x}}Pb{sub {ital x}}O{sub 3}

Journal Article · 1996 · Physical Review, B: Condensed Matter · OSTI ID:397606

Cao, G; McCall, S; Bolivar, J; +5 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Title: Reversible manipulation of the magnetic state in SrRuO3 through electric-field controlled proton evolution

Citation Formats

References (76)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Reversible manipulation of the magnetic state in SrRuO₃ through electric-field controlled proton evolution