On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks

Zhao, Yang; Semnani, Shabnam J.; Yin, Qing; Borja, Ronaldo I.

doi:10.1002/nag.2809

Title: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks

Abstract

Accurate prediction of strength in rocks with distinct bedding planes requires knowledge of the bedding plane orientation relative to the load direction. Thermal softening adds complexity to the problem since it is known to have significant influence on the strength and strain localization properties of rocks. In this paper, we utilize a recently proposed thermoplastic constitutive model appropriate for rocks exhibiting transverse isotropy in both the elastic and plastic responses to predict their strength and strain localization properties. Recognizing that laboratory-derived strengths can be influenced by material and geometric inhomogeneities of the rock samples, we consider both stress-point and boundary-value problem simulations of rock strength behavior. Both plane strain and 3D loading conditions are considered. Results of the simulations of the strength of a natural Tournemire shale and a synthetic transversely isotropic rock suggest that the mechanical model can reproduce the general U-shaped variation of rock strength with bedding plane orientation quite well. We show that this variation could depend on many factors, including the stress loading condition (plane strain versus 3D), degree of anisotropy, temperature, shear-induced dilation versus shear-induced compaction, specimen imperfections, and boundary restraints, among others.

Authors:

Zhao, Yang ^[1]; Semnani, Shabnam J. ^[1]; Yin, Qing ^[1];

^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-07-26

Research Org.:: Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1596338

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER15454; CMMI‐1462231; DGE‐114747

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 42; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 0363-9061

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; Anisotropy; bifurcation; rock strength; shear band; thermoplasticity; transverse isotropy

Citation Formats


                    Zhao, Yang, Semnani, Shabnam J., Yin, Qing, and Borja, Ronaldo I. On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1002/nag.2809.

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                    Zhao, Yang, Semnani, Shabnam J., Yin, Qing, & Borja, Ronaldo I. On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2809

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                    Zhao, Yang, Semnani, Shabnam J., Yin, Qing, and Borja, Ronaldo I. Thu .  
"On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2809.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1596338.

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@article{osti_1596338,

  title        = {On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks},

  author       = {Zhao, Yang and Semnani, Shabnam J. and Yin, Qing and Borja, Ronaldo I.},

  abstractNote = {Accurate prediction of strength in rocks with distinct bedding planes requires knowledge of the bedding plane orientation relative to the load direction. Thermal softening adds complexity to the problem since it is known to have significant influence on the strength and strain localization properties of rocks. In this paper, we utilize a recently proposed thermoplastic constitutive model appropriate for rocks exhibiting transverse isotropy in both the elastic and plastic responses to predict their strength and strain localization properties. Recognizing that laboratory-derived strengths can be influenced by material and geometric inhomogeneities of the rock samples, we consider both stress-point and boundary-value problem simulations of rock strength behavior. Both plane strain and 3D loading conditions are considered. Results of the simulations of the strength of a natural Tournemire shale and a synthetic transversely isotropic rock suggest that the mechanical model can reproduce the general U-shaped variation of rock strength with bedding plane orientation quite well. We show that this variation could depend on many factors, including the stress loading condition (plane strain versus 3D), degree of anisotropy, temperature, shear-induced dilation versus shear-induced compaction, specimen imperfections, and boundary restraints, among others.},

  doi          = {10.1002/nag.2809},

  journal      = {International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics},

  number       = 16,

  volume       = 42,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {7}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks: On the strength of transversely isotropic rocks

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Anisotropic strength and deformational behavior of Himalayan schists journal, January 2003

Instrumented nanoindentation and 3D mechanistic modeling of a shale at multiple scales journal, January 2015

Mechanical anisotropy in the Woodford Shale, Permian Basin: Origin, magnitude, and scale journal, March 2011

Quantifying the heterogeneity of shale through statistical combination of imaging across scales journal, August 2017

An experimental investigation of the failure mechanism of simulated transversely isotropic rocks journal, December 2006

A failure criterion for transversely isotropic rocks journal, April 2001

Assessment of some failure criteria for strongly anisotropic geomaterials journal, January 1998

A modified single plane of weakness theory for the failure of highly stratified rocks journal, September 1998

Shear Failure of Anistropic Rocks journal, February 1960

A fracture criterion for brittle anisotropic rock journal, August 1964

A modified Hoek–Brown failure criterion for anisotropic intact rock journal, February 2008

Friction of Rocks and Stability of Rock Slopes journal, June 1971

A General Theory of Strength for Anisotropic Materials journal, January 1971

On yielding of oriented solids journal, March 1977

The failure of transversely isotropic rocks in triaxial compression journal, December 1980

Development of an Orthotropic 3D Elastoplastic Material Model for Shale conference, April 2013

Thermoplasticity and strain localization in transversely isotropic materials based on anisotropic critical state plasticity: THERMOPLASTICITY AND STRAIN LOCALIZATION journal, May 2016

Computational Aspects of Elasto-Plastic Deformation in Polycrystalline Solids journal, April 2012

Discrete micromechanics of elastoplastic crystals in the finite deformation range journal, June 2014

On the pore-scale mechanisms leading to brittle and ductile deformation behavior of crystalline rocks: PORE-SCALE MECHANISMS IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS journal, February 2015

Pore-scale modeling of deformation and shear band bifurcation in porous crystalline rocks: Pore-scale modeling of deformation and shear band bifurcation in porous crystalline rocks journal, February 2016

Thermoplasticity of Saturated Clays: Experimental Constitutive Study journal, December 1990

Experimental investigation of the effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of Tournemire shale journal, September 2014

Strength and post-peak response of Colorado shale at high pressure and temperature journal, April 2016

Thermoplasticity of Saturated Soils and Shales: Constitutive Equations journal, December 1990

Modified Cam-Clay modelling of temperature effects in clays journal, June 2001

Thermo-plasticity of clays journal, December 2003

Bifurcation of elastoplastic solids to shear band mode at finite strain journal, November 2002

Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials journal, December 1975

Hyper-elastoplastic/damage modeling of rock with application to porous limestone journal, June 2018

Finite strain elastoplasticity considering the Eshelby stress for materials undergoing plastic volume change journal, February 2016

Computational modeling of deformation bands in granular media. I. Geological and mathematical framework journal, July 2004

Computational modeling of deformation bands in granular media. II. Numerical simulations journal, July 2004

Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced by horizontal layering journal, October 1962

A finite element model for strain localization analysis of strongly discontinuous fields based on standard Galerkin approximation journal, December 2000

Plane strain finite element analysis of pressure sensitive plasticity with strong discontinuity journal, May 2001

A contact algorithm for frictional crack propagation with the extended finite element method journal, December 2008

Shear fracture in sandstone under plane-strain compression journal, April 2006

Bifurcation of elastoplastic solids to shear band mode at finite strain journal, December 2001

Simulating damage evolution and fracture propagation in sandstone containing a preexisting 3‐D surface flaw under uniaxial compression journal, February 2019

Numerical modeling of adiabatic heat generation during rock fracture under dynamic loading journal, March 2019

Boundary element analysis of transversely isotropic bi‐material halfspaces with inclined planes of isotropy and interfaces journal, August 2019

Numerical modelling of heat shock‐assisted rock fracture journal, October 2019

A bounding surface model for anisotropically overconsolidated clay incorporating thermodynamics admissible rotational hardening rule journal, December 2019

A semianalytic time‐resolved poro‐elasto‐plastic model for wellbore stability and stimulation journal, May 2020

Coupled poromechanics‐damage mechanics modeling of fracturing during injection in brittle rocks journal, October 2019

Failure pattern of brittle rock governed by initial microcrack characteristics journal, October 2018

Physical and numerical studies of stability of soil blocks reinforced by brittle shear pins journal, June 2019

Nanomechanics of organic-rich shales: the role of thermal maturity and organic matter content on texture
journal, June 2016

Nanochemo-mechanical signature of organic-rich shales: a coupled indentation–EDX analysis
journal, January 2016

Multiscale insights into classical geomechanics problems: MULTISCALE INSIGHTS INTO CLASSICAL GEOMECHANICS PROBLEMS
journal, July 2015

Parametric study of the smooth-joint contact model on the mechanical behavior of jointed rock
journal, October 2017

Rate-independent fracture toughness of gray and black kerogen-rich shales
journal, May 2017

A multiscale framework for the simulation of the anisotropic mechanical behavior of shale: A MULTISCALE DISCRETE APPROACH TO ANISOTROPIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF SHALE
journal, February 2017

Responses of chemically active and naturally fractured shale under time-dependent mechanical loading and ionic solution exposure
journal, July 2017

Numerical analysis of the effect of natural microcracks on the supercritical CO ₂ fracturing crack network of shale rock based on bonded particle models
journal, June 2017

Water effects on rock strength and stiffness degradation
journal, September 2015

Multiscale modeling and analysis of compaction bands in high-porosity sandstones
journal, May 2017

Response of multilayered transversely isotropic medium due to axisymmetric loads: Response of Transversely Isotropic Medium due to Axisymmetric Loads
journal, September 2015

The granular and polymer composite nature of kerogen-rich shale
journal, February 2016

Experimental Study of Shear Failure in Anisotropic Rocks
journal, January 1961

Intrinsic shear strength of a brittle, anisotropic rock—I
journal, November 1974

The Mechanical Behavior of Anisotropic Sedimentary Rocks
journal, January 1967

Strength anisotropy of shales deformed under uppermost crustal conditions: STRENGTH ANISOTROPY OF SHALES
journal, January 2017

Laboratory investigation of the mechanical behaviour of Tournemire shale
journal, January 1997

Engineering behaviour of phyllites
journal, February 1993

Anisotropic strength and deformational behavior of Himalayan schists
journal, January 2003

Instrumented nanoindentation and 3D mechanistic modeling of a shale at multiple scales
journal, January 2015

Mechanical anisotropy in the Woodford Shale, Permian Basin: Origin, magnitude, and scale
journal, March 2011

Quantifying the heterogeneity of shale through statistical combination of imaging across scales
journal, August 2017

An experimental investigation of the failure mechanism of simulated transversely isotropic rocks
journal, December 2006

A failure criterion for transversely isotropic rocks
journal, April 2001

Assessment of some failure criteria for strongly anisotropic geomaterials
journal, January 1998

A modified single plane of weakness theory for the failure of highly stratified rocks
journal, September 1998

Shear Failure of Anistropic Rocks
journal, February 1960

A fracture criterion for brittle anisotropic rock
journal, August 1964

A modified Hoek–Brown failure criterion for anisotropic intact rock
journal, February 2008

Friction of Rocks and Stability of Rock Slopes
journal, June 1971

A General Theory of Strength for Anisotropic Materials
journal, January 1971

On yielding of oriented solids
journal, March 1977

The failure of transversely isotropic rocks in triaxial compression
journal, December 1980

Development of an Orthotropic 3D Elastoplastic Material Model for Shale
conference, April 2013

Thermoplasticity and strain localization in transversely isotropic materials based on anisotropic critical state plasticity: THERMOPLASTICITY AND STRAIN LOCALIZATION
journal, May 2016

Computational Aspects of Elasto-Plastic Deformation in Polycrystalline Solids
journal, April 2012

Discrete micromechanics of elastoplastic crystals in the finite deformation range
journal, June 2014

On the pore-scale mechanisms leading to brittle and ductile deformation behavior of crystalline rocks: PORE-SCALE MECHANISMS IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS
journal, February 2015

Pore-scale modeling of deformation and shear band bifurcation in porous crystalline rocks: Pore-scale modeling of deformation and shear band bifurcation in porous crystalline rocks
journal, February 2016

Thermoplasticity of Saturated Clays: Experimental Constitutive Study
journal, December 1990

Experimental investigation of the effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of Tournemire shale
journal, September 2014

Strength and post-peak response of Colorado shale at high pressure and temperature
journal, April 2016

Thermoplasticity of Saturated Soils and Shales: Constitutive Equations
journal, December 1990

Modified Cam-Clay modelling of temperature effects in clays
journal, June 2001

Thermo-plasticity of clays
journal, December 2003

Bifurcation of elastoplastic solids to shear band mode at finite strain
journal, November 2002

Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials
journal, December 1975

Hyper-elastoplastic/damage modeling of rock with application to porous limestone
journal, June 2018

Finite strain elastoplasticity considering the Eshelby stress for materials undergoing plastic volume change
journal, February 2016

Computational modeling of deformation bands in granular media. I. Geological and mathematical framework
journal, July 2004

Computational modeling of deformation bands in granular media. II. Numerical simulations
journal, July 2004

Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced by horizontal layering
journal, October 1962

A finite element model for strain localization analysis of strongly discontinuous fields based on standard Galerkin approximation
journal, December 2000

Plane strain finite element analysis of pressure sensitive plasticity with strong discontinuity
journal, May 2001

A contact algorithm for frictional crack propagation with the extended finite element method
journal, December 2008

Shear fracture in sandstone under plane-strain compression
journal, April 2006

Bifurcation of elastoplastic solids to shear band mode at finite strain
journal, December 2001

Simulating damage evolution and fracture propagation in sandstone containing a preexisting 3‐D surface flaw under uniaxial compression
journal, February 2019

Numerical modeling of adiabatic heat generation during rock fracture under dynamic loading
journal, March 2019

Boundary element analysis of transversely isotropic bi‐material halfspaces with inclined planes of isotropy and interfaces
journal, August 2019

Numerical modelling of heat shock‐assisted rock fracture
journal, October 2019

A bounding surface model for anisotropically overconsolidated clay incorporating thermodynamics admissible rotational hardening rule
journal, December 2019

A semianalytic time‐resolved poro‐elasto‐plastic model for wellbore stability and stimulation
journal, May 2020

Coupled poromechanics‐damage mechanics modeling of fracturing during injection in brittle rocks
journal, October 2019

Failure pattern of brittle rock governed by initial microcrack characteristics
journal, October 2018

Physical and numerical studies of stability of soil blocks reinforced by brittle shear pins
journal, June 2019