Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather
Abstract
This study examines associations between California Central Valley (CCV) heat waves and the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). These heat waves have major economic impact. Our prior work showed that CCV heat waves are frequently preceded by convection over the tropical Indian and eastern Pacific oceans, in patterns identifiable with MJO phases. The main analysis method is lagged composites (formed after each MJO phase pair) of CCV synoptic station temperature, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), and velocity potential (VP). Over the CCV, positive temperature anomalies occur only after the Indian Ocean (phases 2–3) or eastern Pacific Ocean (phases 8–1) convection (implied by OLR and VP fields). The largest fractions of CCV hot days occur in the two weeks after onset of those two phase pairs. OLR and VP composites have significant subsidence and convergence above divergence over the CCV during heat waves, and these structures are each part of larger patterns having significant areas over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Prior studies showed that CCV heat waves can be roughly grouped into two clusters: Cluster 2 is preceded by a heat wave over northwestern North America, while Cluster 1 is not. OLR and VP composite analyses are applied separately to these twomore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2]
- Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center, Busan (South Korea)
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Land, Air and Water Resources
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDA
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1594227
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016605; NNX16AG62G; Grant No. 1236681; 1010971
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 36; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0256-1530
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; MJO; heat wave; large-scale meteorological pattern; extratropical response; tropical convection
Citation Formats
Lee, Yun-Young, and Grotjahn, Richard. Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1007/s00376-019-8167-1.
Lee, Yun-Young, & Grotjahn, Richard. Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8167-1
Lee, Yun-Young, and Grotjahn, Richard. Fri .
"Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8167-1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1594227.
@article{osti_1594227,
title = {Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather},
author = {Lee, Yun-Young and Grotjahn, Richard},
abstractNote = {This study examines associations between California Central Valley (CCV) heat waves and the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). These heat waves have major economic impact. Our prior work showed that CCV heat waves are frequently preceded by convection over the tropical Indian and eastern Pacific oceans, in patterns identifiable with MJO phases. The main analysis method is lagged composites (formed after each MJO phase pair) of CCV synoptic station temperature, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), and velocity potential (VP). Over the CCV, positive temperature anomalies occur only after the Indian Ocean (phases 2–3) or eastern Pacific Ocean (phases 8–1) convection (implied by OLR and VP fields). The largest fractions of CCV hot days occur in the two weeks after onset of those two phase pairs. OLR and VP composites have significant subsidence and convergence above divergence over the CCV during heat waves, and these structures are each part of larger patterns having significant areas over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Prior studies showed that CCV heat waves can be roughly grouped into two clusters: Cluster 2 is preceded by a heat wave over northwestern North America, while Cluster 1 is not. OLR and VP composite analyses are applied separately to these two clusters. However, for Cluster 2, the subsidence and VP over the CCV are not significant, and the large-scale VP pattern has low correlation with the MJO lagged composite field. Therefore, the association between the MJO convection and subsequent CCV heat wave is more evident in Cluster 1 than Cluster 2.},
doi = {10.1007/s00376-019-8167-1},
journal = {Advances in Atmospheric Sciences},
number = 6,
volume = 36,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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