Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter

Okada, Nobuchika; Seto, Osamu

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.023522

Title: Inelastic extra $U (1)$ charged scalar dark matter

Abstract

The null results in dark matter direct detection experiments imply the present scalar dark matter (DM) annihilation cross section to bottom quark pairs through the Higgs boson exchange is smaller than about 10^₋31 cm₃ /s for a wide DM mass range, which is much smaller than the required annihilation cross section for thermal relic DM. We propose models of a thermal relic DM with the present annihilation cross section being very suppressed. This property can be realized in an extra $$\textit{U}$$(1) gauge interacting complex scalar DM, where the thermal DM abundance is determined by coannihilation through the gauge interaction while the present annihilation is governed by Higgs bosons exchange processes. An interaction between DM and the extra $$\textit{U}$$(1) breaking Higgs field generates a small mass splitting between DM and its coannihilating partner so that coannihilation becomes possible and also the Z' -mediated scattering off with a nucleon in direct DM search becomes inelastic. We consider scalar dark matter in $$U(1)_{B₋L}, U(1)_{(B₋L)_3}$$ and $$4U(1)_{L_μ₋L_τ}$$ extended models and identify viable parameter regions. We also discuss various implications to future DM detection experiments, the DM interpretation of the gamma-ray excess in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, the muon anomalous magnetic moment, the Hubble tension and others.

Authors:: Okada, Nobuchika; Seto, Osamu

Publication Date:: 2020-01-24

Research Org.:: Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)

OSTI Identifier:: 1594206

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1802347

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012447; 19K03860; 19H05091; 19K03865

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 101 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics

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                    Okada, Nobuchika, and Seto, Osamu. Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.023522.

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                    Okada, Nobuchika, & Seto, Osamu. Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.023522

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                    Okada, Nobuchika, and Seto, Osamu. Fri .  
"Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.023522.

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@article{osti_1594206,

  title        = {Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter},

  author       = {Okada, Nobuchika and Seto, Osamu},

  abstractNote = {The null results in dark matter direct detection experiments imply the present scalar dark matter (DM) annihilation cross section to bottom quark pairs through the Higgs boson exchange is smaller than about 10₋31 cm3 /s for a wide DM mass range, which is much smaller than the required annihilation cross section for thermal relic DM. We propose models of a thermal relic DM with the present annihilation cross section being very suppressed. This property can be realized in an extra $\textit{U}$(1) gauge interacting complex scalar DM, where the thermal DM abundance is determined by coannihilation through the gauge interaction while the present annihilation is governed by Higgs bosons exchange processes. An interaction between DM and the extra $\textit{U}$(1) breaking Higgs field generates a small mass splitting between DM and its coannihilating partner so that coannihilation becomes possible and also the Z' -mediated scattering off with a nucleon in direct DM search becomes inelastic. We consider scalar dark matter in $U(1)_{B₋L}, U(1)_{(B₋L)_3}$ and $4U(1)_{L_μ₋L_τ}$ extended models and identify viable parameter regions. We also discuss various implications to future DM detection experiments, the DM interpretation of the gamma-ray excess in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, the muon anomalous magnetic moment, the Hubble tension and others.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.101.023522},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 101,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2020},

  month        = {1}

}

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Title: Inelastic extra U ( 1 ) charged scalar dark matter

Abstract

Citation Formats

Probing pseudo-Goldstone dark matter at the LHC journal, July 2019

Erratum: Dirac right-handed sneutrino dark matter and its signature in the gamma-ray lines [Phys. Rev. D 86 , 043515 (2012)] journal, October 2012

New- Z ′ phenomenology journal, January 1991

Inelastic dark matter journal, July 2001

( g − 2) μ and α( M 2 Z ) re-evaluated using new precise data journal, June 2011

Quark flavor transitions in L μ − L τ models journal, May 2014

Coherent propagation of PeV neutrinos and the dip in the neutrino spectrum at IceCube journal, December 2015

Neutrino mass, dark matter and anomalous magnetic moment of muon in a U 1 L μ − L τ $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_L{{}_{{}_{\mu}}}_{-}{{}_L}_{{}_{\tau }} $$ model journal, September 2016

A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant journal, July 2016

Novel Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Constraints on MeV Dark Matter Particles journal, July 2017

Measurement of Form-Factor-Independent Observables in the Decay B 0 → K * 0 μ + μ − journal, November 2013

Muon anomalous g − 2 and gauged L μ − L τ models journal, August 2001

Probing the seesaw scale with gravitational waves journal, September 2018

Understanding the γ -ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tuc: Evidence for dark matter? journal, August 2018

Final report of the E821 muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement at BNL journal, April 2006

Search for an L − L gauge boson using Z → 4μ events in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV journal, May 2019

LHC constraints on a ( B − L ) 3 gauge boson journal, August 2019

Milky Way Cepheid Standards for Measuring Cosmic Distances and Application to Gaia DR2: Implications for the Hubble Constant journal, July 2018

Dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center as seen by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope journal, March 2011

Higgs portal dark matter in the minimal gauged U ( 1 ) B − L model journal, July 2010

Test of Lepton Universality Using B + → K + ℓ + ℓ − Decays journal, October 2014

Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Six Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data journal, November 2015

Searching for flavored gauge bosons journal, February 2019

Model-independent implications of the , cosmic ray spectra on properties of Dark Matter journal, May 2009

Search for a muonic dark force at BaBar journal, July 2016

SEARCHING FOR DARK MATTER ANNIHILATION IN RECENTLY DISCOVERED MILKY WAY SATELLITES WITH FERMI -LAT journal, January 2017

Long-lived TeV-scale right-handed neutrino production at the LHC in gauged U(1) model journal, December 2019

Pseudoscalar mediators: a WIMP model at the neutrino floor journal, March 2018

Minimal flavored U ( 1 ) ′ for B -meson anomalies journal, October 2017

Comment on “Understanding the γ -ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tuc: Evidence for dark matter?” journal, September 2019

Quark-lepton symmetry and B − L as the U(1) generator of the electroweak symmetry group journal, April 1980

Confronting lepton flavor universality violation in B decays with high- p T tau lepton searches at LHC journal, January 2017

Neutrino tridents and W - Z interference journal, June 1991

Erratum: Loop effects in direct detection journal, January 2019

Unitarity limits on the mass and radius of dark-matter particles journal, February 1990

Implications of right-handed neutrinos in B − L extended standard model with scalar dark matter journal, January 2018

Self-interacting dark matter and muon (g − 2) in a gauged U 1 L μ − L τ $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$ model journal, June 2018

MeV dark matter complementarity and the dark photon portal journal, March 2018

Loop effects in direct detection journal, August 2018

Prospects for indirect dark matter searches with MeV photons journal, May 2017

Addendum including AMS 2013 data to “Model-independent implications of the e ± , p ¯ cosmic ray spectra on properties of Dark Matter” [Nucl. Phys. B 813 (1–2) (2009) 1–21] journal, August 2013

Sneutrino cold dark matter with lepton-number violation journal, April 1998

Scalar dark matter in the B − L model journal, December 2015

Neutrino Trident Production: A Powerful Probe of New Physics with Neutrino Beams journal, August 2014

Reevaluation of the hadronic contributions to the muon g−2 and to $\alpha (M^{2}_{Z})$ journal, January 2011

Dark Matter Results from 54-Ton-Day Exposure of PandaX-II Experiment journal, October 2017

Observation of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data journal, September 2014

Revisiting the direct detection of dark matter in simplified models journal, July 2018

Limits on Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section Obtained from the Complete LUX Exposure journal, June 2017

Direct and indirect probes of Goldstone dark matter journal, April 2019

Cosmic neutrino spectrum and the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the gauged L μ − L τ model journal, February 2015

Origin of the gamma rays from the Galactic Center journal, December 2011

MeV scale leptonic force for cosmic neutrino spectrum and muon anomalous magnetic moment journal, January 2016

Z ′ gauge bosons at the Fermilab Tevatron journal, November 2004

New Physics from Electric Charge Quantization? journal, March 1991

Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter: Examples of vanishing direct detection cross section journal, May 2019

Model for neutrino masses and dark matter journal, April 2003

Constraints on U ( 1 ) L μ − L τ from LHC data journal, April 2019

Probing pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson dark matter at loop level journal, December 2018

Gamma ray emission in Fermi bubbles and Higgs portal dark matter journal, February 2014

Angular analysis of the B 0 → K *0 μ + μ − decay using 3 fb−1 of integrated luminosity journal, February 2016

Galactic gamma ray excess and dark matter phenomenology in a U(1) B−L model journal, August 2016

Gauged Lμ−Lτ with large muon anomalous magnetic moment and the bimaximal mixing of neutrinos journal, January 2002

Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T journal, September 2018

Gamma-ray emission from high Galactic latitude globular clusters journal, August 2018

Erratum to: Reevaluation of the hadronic contributions to the muon g−2 and to $\alpha(M_{Z}^{2})$ journal, February 2012

Flavor gauge models below the Fermi scale journal, December 2017

Light dark matter in a gauged U ( 1 ) L μ − L τ model journal, February 2019

Galactic Center gamma ray excess from two Higgs doublet portal dark matter journal, October 2014

Singlet scalar dark matter in U(1)B-L models without right-handed neutrinos journal, November 2018

LHC constraints on a B − L gauge model using Contur journal, May 2019

Supersymmetric dark matter journal, March 1996

Dark matter interactions with muons in neutron stars journal, August 2019

The muon g−2 journal, June 2009

Dark matter production in association with a single top-quark at the LHC in a two-Higgs-doublet model with a pseudoscalar mediator journal, September 2018

Neutralino relic density including coannihilations journal, August 1997

Search for additional heavy neutral Higgs and gauge bosons in the ditau final state produced in 36 fb−1 of pp collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector journal, January 2018

Title: Inelastic extra $U (1)$ charged scalar dark matter

Probing pseudo-Goldstone dark matter at the LHC
journal, July 2019

Erratum: Dirac right-handed sneutrino dark matter and its signature in the gamma-ray lines [Phys. Rev. D 86 , 043515 (2012)]
journal, October 2012

New- $Z^{'}$ phenomenology
journal, January 1991

Inelastic dark matter
journal, July 2001

( g − 2) _μ and α( M ² _Z ) re-evaluated using new precise data
journal, June 2011

Quark flavor transitions in $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ models
journal, May 2014

Coherent propagation of PeV neutrinos and the dip in the neutrino spectrum at IceCube
journal, December 2015

Neutrino mass, dark matter and anomalous magnetic moment of muon in a U 1 L μ − L τ $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_L{{}_{{}_{\mu}}}_{-}{{}_L}_{{}_{\tau }} $$ model
journal, September 2016

A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
journal, July 2016

Novel Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Constraints on MeV Dark Matter Particles
journal, July 2017

Measurement of Form-Factor-Independent Observables in the Decay $B^{0} \to K^{* 0} μ^{+} μ^{-}$
journal, November 2013

Muon anomalous $g - 2$ and gauged $L_{μ} {- L}_{τ}$ models
journal, August 2001

Probing the seesaw scale with gravitational waves
journal, September 2018

Understanding the γ -ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tuc: Evidence for dark matter?
journal, August 2018

Final report of the E821 muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement at BNL
journal, April 2006

Search for an L − L gauge boson using Z → 4μ events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
journal, May 2019

LHC constraints on a ( B − L ) 3 gauge boson
journal, August 2019

Milky Way Cepheid Standards for Measuring Cosmic Distances and Application to Gaia DR2: Implications for the Hubble Constant
journal, July 2018

Dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center as seen by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope
journal, March 2011

Higgs portal dark matter in the minimal gauged $U (1)_{B − L}$ model
journal, July 2010

Test of Lepton Universality Using $B^{+} \to K^{+} ℓ^{+} ℓ^{-}$ Decays
journal, October 2014

Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Six Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data
journal, November 2015

Searching for flavored gauge bosons
journal, February 2019

Model-independent implications of the , cosmic ray spectra on properties of Dark Matter
journal, May 2009

Search for a muonic dark force at BaBar
journal, July 2016

SEARCHING FOR DARK MATTER ANNIHILATION IN RECENTLY DISCOVERED MILKY WAY SATELLITES WITH FERMI -LAT
journal, January 2017

Long-lived TeV-scale right-handed neutrino production at the LHC in gauged U(1) model
journal, December 2019

Pseudoscalar mediators: a WIMP model at the neutrino floor
journal, March 2018

Minimal flavored $U (1)^{'}$ for $B$ -meson anomalies
journal, October 2017

Comment on “Understanding the γ -ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tuc: Evidence for dark matter?”
journal, September 2019

Quark-lepton symmetry and B − L as the U(1) generator of the electroweak symmetry group
journal, April 1980

Confronting lepton flavor universality violation in B decays with high- p T tau lepton searches at LHC
journal, January 2017

Neutrino tridents and W - Z interference
journal, June 1991

Erratum: Loop effects in direct detection
journal, January 2019

Unitarity limits on the mass and radius of dark-matter particles
journal, February 1990

Implications of right-handed neutrinos in $B - L$ extended standard model with scalar dark matter
journal, January 2018

Self-interacting dark matter and muon (g − 2) in a gauged U 1 L μ − L τ $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$ model
journal, June 2018

MeV dark matter complementarity and the dark photon portal
journal, March 2018

Loop effects in direct detection
journal, August 2018

Prospects for indirect dark matter searches with MeV photons
journal, May 2017

Addendum including AMS 2013 data to “Model-independent implications of the $e^{\pm}$ , $\bar{p}$ cosmic ray spectra on properties of Dark Matter” [Nucl. Phys. B 813 (1–2) (2009) 1–21]
journal, August 2013

Sneutrino cold dark matter with lepton-number violation
journal, April 1998

Scalar dark matter in the B − L model
journal, December 2015

Neutrino Trident Production: A Powerful Probe of New Physics with Neutrino Beams
journal, August 2014

Reevaluation of the hadronic contributions to the muon g−2 and to $\alpha (M^{2}_{Z})$
journal, January 2011

Dark Matter Results from 54-Ton-Day Exposure of PandaX-II Experiment
journal, October 2017

Observation of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data
journal, September 2014

Revisiting the direct detection of dark matter in simplified models
journal, July 2018

Limits on Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Section Obtained from the Complete LUX Exposure
journal, June 2017

Direct and indirect probes of Goldstone dark matter
journal, April 2019

Cosmic neutrino spectrum and the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the gauged $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ model
journal, February 2015

Origin of the gamma rays from the Galactic Center
journal, December 2011

MeV scale leptonic force for cosmic neutrino spectrum and muon anomalous magnetic moment
journal, January 2016

$Z^{'}$ gauge bosons at the Fermilab Tevatron
journal, November 2004

New Physics from Electric Charge Quantization?
journal, March 1991

Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter: Examples of vanishing direct detection cross section
journal, May 2019

Model for neutrino masses and dark matter
journal, April 2003

Constraints on U ( 1 ) L μ − L τ from LHC data
journal, April 2019

Probing pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson dark matter at loop level
journal, December 2018

Gamma ray emission in Fermi bubbles and Higgs portal dark matter
journal, February 2014

Angular analysis of the B 0 → K *0 μ + μ − decay using 3 fb−1 of integrated luminosity
journal, February 2016

Galactic gamma ray excess and dark matter phenomenology in a U(1) B−L model
journal, August 2016

Gauged Lμ−Lτ with large muon anomalous magnetic moment and the bimaximal mixing of neutrinos
journal, January 2002

Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T
journal, September 2018

Gamma-ray emission from high Galactic latitude globular clusters
journal, August 2018

Erratum to: Reevaluation of the hadronic contributions to the muon g−2 and to $\alpha(M_{Z}^{2})$
journal, February 2012

Flavor gauge models below the Fermi scale
journal, December 2017

Light dark matter in a gauged U ( 1 ) L μ − L τ model
journal, February 2019

Galactic Center gamma ray excess from two Higgs doublet portal dark matter
journal, October 2014

Singlet scalar dark matter in U(1)B-L models without right-handed neutrinos
journal, November 2018

LHC constraints on a B − L gauge model using Contur
journal, May 2019

Supersymmetric dark matter
journal, March 1996

Dark matter interactions with muons in neutron stars
journal, August 2019

The muon g−2
journal, June 2009

Dark matter production in association with a single top-quark at the LHC in a two-Higgs-doublet model with a pseudoscalar mediator
journal, September 2018

Neutralino relic density including coannihilations
journal, August 1997

Search for additional heavy neutral Higgs and gauge bosons in the ditau final state produced in 36 fb−1 of pp collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
journal, January 2018

Phenomenology of U(1) _{L _μ − L _τ} charged dark matter at PAMELA/FERMI and colliders
journal, October 2009

Implications of LHC searches for Higgs-portal dark matter
journal, March 2012