DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Ly α Forest Tomography

Abstract

The intense radiation emitted by luminous quasars dramatically alters the ionization state of their surrounding IGM. This so-called proximity effect extends out to tens of Mpc, and manifests as large coherent regions of enhanced Ly (Ly) forest transmission in absorption spectra of background sightlines. In this work, we present a novel method based on Ly forest tomography, which is capable of mapping these quasar "light echoes" in three dimensions. Using a dense grid (10-100) of faint (mr ≈ 24.7 mag) background galaxies as absorption probes, one can measure the ionization state of the IGM in the vicinity of a foreground quasar, yielding detailed information about the quasar's radiative history and emission geometry. An end-to-end analysis-combining cosmological hydrodynamical simulations post-processed with a quasar emission model, realistic estimates of galaxy number densities, and instrument + telescope throughput-is conducted to explore the feasibility of detecting quasar light echoes. We present a new, fully Bayesian statistical method that allows one to reconstruct quasar light echoes from thousands of individual low-S/N transmission measurements. Armed with this tool, we undertake an exhaustive parameter study and show that light echoes can be convincingly detected for luminous (M1450 <-27.5 mag, corresponding to m1450 < 18.4 mag at z≃3.6)more » quasars at redshifts 3 < z QSO < 5, and that a relative precision better than 20% on the quasar age can be achieved for individual objects in the expected range of ages between 1 and 100 Myr. The observational requirements are relatively modest: Moderate-resolution (R ≳ 750), multiobject spectroscopy at a low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 5) is sufficient, requiring three-hour integrations using existing instruments on 8 m class telescopes.« less

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]
  1. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (Italy); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); Max-Planck Inst. fur Astronomie, Heidelberg (Germany)
  2. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); Max-Planck Inst. fur Astronomie, Heidelberg (Germany)
  3. Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  5. Royal Observatory of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh (United Kingdom)
  6. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1581751
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 882; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; dark ages; reionization; first stars; intergalactic medium; quasars: general

Citation Formats

Schmidt, Tobias M., Hennawi, Joseph F., Lee, Khee-Gan, Lukić, Zarija, Oñorbe, Jose, and White, Martin. Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Ly α Forest Tomography. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab2fcb.
Schmidt, Tobias M., Hennawi, Joseph F., Lee, Khee-Gan, Lukić, Zarija, Oñorbe, Jose, & White, Martin. Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Ly α Forest Tomography. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2fcb
Schmidt, Tobias M., Hennawi, Joseph F., Lee, Khee-Gan, Lukić, Zarija, Oñorbe, Jose, and White, Martin. Fri . "Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Ly α Forest Tomography". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2fcb. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1581751.
@article{osti_1581751,
title = {Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Ly α Forest Tomography},
author = {Schmidt, Tobias M. and Hennawi, Joseph F. and Lee, Khee-Gan and Lukić, Zarija and Oñorbe, Jose and White, Martin},
abstractNote = {The intense radiation emitted by luminous quasars dramatically alters the ionization state of their surrounding IGM. This so-called proximity effect extends out to tens of Mpc, and manifests as large coherent regions of enhanced Ly (Ly) forest transmission in absorption spectra of background sightlines. In this work, we present a novel method based on Ly forest tomography, which is capable of mapping these quasar "light echoes" in three dimensions. Using a dense grid (10-100) of faint (mr ≈ 24.7 mag) background galaxies as absorption probes, one can measure the ionization state of the IGM in the vicinity of a foreground quasar, yielding detailed information about the quasar's radiative history and emission geometry. An end-to-end analysis-combining cosmological hydrodynamical simulations post-processed with a quasar emission model, realistic estimates of galaxy number densities, and instrument + telescope throughput-is conducted to explore the feasibility of detecting quasar light echoes. We present a new, fully Bayesian statistical method that allows one to reconstruct quasar light echoes from thousands of individual low-S/N transmission measurements. Armed with this tool, we undertake an exhaustive parameter study and show that light echoes can be convincingly detected for luminous (M1450 <-27.5 mag, corresponding to m1450 < 18.4 mag at z≃3.6) quasars at redshifts 3 < z QSO < 5, and that a relative precision better than 20% on the quasar age can be achieved for individual objects in the expected range of ages between 1 and 100 Myr. The observational requirements are relatively modest: Moderate-resolution (R ≳ 750), multiobject spectroscopy at a low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 5) is sufficient, requiring three-hour integrations using existing instruments on 8 m class telescopes.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab2fcb},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 882,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 13 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Sep 13 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 16 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

New Constraints on IGM Thermal Evolution from the Ly α Forest Power Spectrum
journal, February 2019

  • Walther, Michael; Oñorbe, Jose; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 872, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aafad1

Secondary standard stars for absolute spectrophotometry
journal, March 1983

  • Oke, J. B.; Gunn, J. E.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 266
  • DOI: 10.1086/160817

Radiative Transfer in a Clumpy Universe. iv. new Synthesis Models of the Cosmic Uv/X-Ray Background
journal, February 2012


Detection of z ∼ 2.3 Cosmic Voids from 3D Ly α Forest Tomography in the COSMOS Field
journal, July 2018

  • Krolewski, Alex; Lee, Khee-Gan; White, Martin
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac829

Masses of quasars
journal, September 1982


Evolution of the Intergalactic Opacity: Implications for the Ionizing Background, Cosmic Star Formation, and Quasar Activity
journal, November 2008

  • Faucher‐Giguère, Claude‐André; Lidz, Adam; Hernquist, Lars
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 688, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/592289

Modelling feedback from stars and black holes in galaxy mergers
journal, August 2005

  • Springel, Volker; Di Matteo, Tiziana; Hernquist, Lars
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 361, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09238.x

A approximately 10 MPC void in the Ly-alpha forest at Z = 3.17
journal, August 1991

  • Dobrzycki, Adam; Bechtold, Jill
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 377
  • DOI: 10.1086/186119

A Possible Correlation between the Luminosities and Lifetimes of Active Galactic Nuclei
journal, September 2005

  • Adelberger, Kurt L.; Steidel, Charles C.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 630, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/431789

The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - XIV. Structure and evolution from the two-point correlation function
journal, January 2005


Modeling the He ii Transverse Proximity Effect: Constraints on Quasar Lifetime and Obscuration
journal, July 2018

  • Schmidt, Tobias M.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Worseck, Gábor
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac8e4

The AGN-obscuring Torus: The End of the "Doughnut" Paradigm?
journal, September 2006

  • Elitzur, Moshe; Shlosman, Isaac
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 648, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/508158

Quasars Probing Quasars. I. Optically Thick Absorbers near Luminous Quasars
journal, November 2006

  • Hennawi, Joseph F.; Prochaska, Jason X.; Burles, Scott
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 651, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/507069

SYSTEMATIC CONTINUUM ERRORS IN THE Lyα FOREST AND THE MEASURED TEMPERATURE–DENSITY RELATION
journal, June 2012


Helium reionization and the thermal proximity effect
journal, January 2010


Massive optimal data compression and density estimation for scalable, likelihood-free inference in cosmology
journal, March 2018

  • Alsing, Justin; Wandelt, Benjamin; Feeney, Stephen
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 477, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty819

Implications of z ∼ 6 Quasar Proximity Zones for the Epoch of Reionization and Quasar Lifetimes
journal, May 2017

  • Eilers, Anna-Christina; Davies, Frederick B.; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 840, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa6c60

Quantitative Constraints on the Reionization History from the IGM Damping Wing Signature in Two Quasars at z > 7
journal, September 2018

  • Davies, Frederick B.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Bañados, Eduardo
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 864, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad6dc

Statistical Detection of the He ii Transverse Proximity Effect: Evidence for Sustained Quasar Activity for >25 Million Years
journal, September 2017

  • Schmidt, Tobias M.; Worseck, Gabor; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 847, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa83ac

First Data Release of the COSMOS Ly α Mapping and Tomography Observations: 3D Ly α Forest Tomography at 2.05 < z < 2.55
journal, August 2018

  • Lee, Khee-Gan; Krolewski, Alex; White, Martin
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 237, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/aace58

The Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Footprint. II. The North Galactic Cap Sample
journal, August 2018

  • Schindler, Jan-Torge; Fan, Xiaohui; McGreer, Ian D.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 863, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad2dd

An unbiased measurement of the UV background and its evolution via the proximity effect in quasar spectra
journal, October 2008


OBSERVATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR Lyα FOREST TOMOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE AT z ∼ 2
journal, May 2014


P3M-SPH simulations of the Lyα forest
journal, December 1998


THE BULK OF THE BLACK HOLE GROWTH SINCE z ∼ 1 OCCURS IN A SECULAR UNIVERSE: NO MAJOR MERGER-AGN CONNECTION
journal, December 2010

  • Cisternas, Mauricio; Jahnke, Knud; Inskip, Katherine J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 726, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/726/2/57

Quasars Probing Quasars. II. The Anisotropic Clustering of Optically Thick Absorbers around Quasars
journal, February 2007

  • Hennawi, Joseph F.; Prochaska, Jason X.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 655, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/509770

Revisiting the Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei
journal, August 2015


Atomic Data for Astrophysics. II. New Analytic FITS for Photoionization Cross Sections of Atoms and Ions
journal, July 1996

  • Verner, D. A.; Ferland, G. J.; Korista, K. T.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 465
  • DOI: 10.1086/177435

Mapping the Most Massive Overdensities through Hydrogen (MAMMOTH). II. Discovery of the Extremely Massive Overdensity BOSS1441 at z = 2.32
journal, April 2017


The Lyman α forest in optically thin hydrodynamical simulations
journal, December 2014

  • Lukić, Zarija; Stark, Casey W.; Nugent, Peter
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 446, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu2377

The Transverse Proximity Effect: A Probe to the Environment, Anisotropy, and Megayear Variability of QSOs
journal, July 2004

  • Schirber, Michael; Miralda‐Escude, Jordi; McDonald, Patrick
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 610, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/421451

A NEW CALCULATION OF THE IONIZING BACKGROUND SPECTRUM AND THE EFFECTS OF He II REIONIZATION
journal, September 2009

  • Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André; Lidz, Adam; Zaldarriaga, Matias
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 703, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1416

Constraints on QSO emissivity using H i and He ii Lyman α forest
journal, July 2017

  • Khaire, Vikram
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 471, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1487

The he ii Proximity Effect and the Lifetime of Quasars
journal, June 2016


Self-consistent Modeling of Reionization in Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulations
journal, March 2017

  • Oñorbe, Jose; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Lukić, Zarija
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa6031

Active galactic nuclei flicker: an observational estimate of the duration of black hole growth phases of ∼10 5 yr
journal, June 2015

  • Schawinski, Kevin; Koss, Michael; Berney, Simon
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 451, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv1136

STIS Observations of He ii Gunn‐Peterson Absorption toward Q0302−003
journal, May 2000

  • Heap, Sara R.; Williger, Gerard M.; Smette, Alain
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 534, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/308719

First Spectroscopic Study of a Young Quasar
journal, October 2018

  • Eilers, Anna-Christina; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Davies, Frederick B.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 867, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aae081

Ionizing Radiation Fluctuations and Large‐Scale Structure in the Lyα Forest
journal, August 2004

  • Croft, Rupert A. C.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 610, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/421839

Measuring Reddening with Sloan Digital sky Survey Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating sfd
journal, August 2011


On the Search for Quasar Light Echoes
journal, February 2008

  • Visbal, Eli; Croft, Rupert A. C.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 674, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/523843

Observations of the spectra of Q0122 - 380 and Q1101 - 264
journal, January 1982

  • Carswell, R. F.; Whelan, J. A. J.; Smith, M. G.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 198, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/198.1.91

Recombination line intensities for hydrogenic ions-IV. Total recombination coefficients and machine-readable tables for Z=1 to 8
journal, January 1995

  • Storey, P. J.; Hummer, D. G.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 272, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/272.1.41

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Twelfth data release
journal, January 2017


A Cosmological Framework for the Co‐evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies. I. Galaxy Mergers and Quasar Activity
journal, April 2008

  • Hopkins, Philip F.; Hernquist, Lars; Cox, Thomas J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 175, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/524362

A Cosmological Framework for the Co‐evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies. II. Formation of Red Ellipticals
journal, April 2008

  • Hopkins, Philip F.; Cox, Thomas J.; Kereš, Dušan
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 175, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/524363

Caught in the act: A helium-reionizing quasar near the line of sight to Q0302-003
journal, January 2003


Atomic Data for Permitted Resonance Lines of Atoms and Ions from H to Si, and S, Ar, Ca, and Fe
journal, September 1996

  • Verner, D. A.; Verner, E. M.; Ferland, G. J.
  • Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 64, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1006/adnd.1996.0018

A Structure for Quasars
journal, December 2000

  • Elvis, Martin
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 545, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/317778

The evolution of large-scale structure in a universe dominated by cold dark matter
journal, May 1985

  • Davis, M.; Efstathiou, G.; Frenk, C. S.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 292
  • DOI: 10.1086/163168

A refined measurement of the mean transmitted flux in the Lyα forest over 2 < z < 5 using composite quasar spectra
journal, February 2013

  • Becker, George D.; Hewett, Paul C.; Worseck, Gábor
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 430, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stt031

Unified Schemes for Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei
journal, June 1995

  • Urry, C. Megan; Padovani, Paolo
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 107
  • DOI: 10.1086/133630

Finding high-redshift voids using Lyman α forest tomography
journal, September 2015

  • Stark, Casey W.; Font-Ribera, Andreu; White, Martin
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 453, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv1868

Evidence for short ∼ 1 Myr lifetimes from the He   ii proximity zones of z  ∼ 4 quasars
journal, January 2019

  • Khrykin, Ilya S.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Worseck, Gábor
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 484, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz135

Metals in the circumgalactic medium are out of ionization equilibrium due to fluctuating active galactic nuclei
journal, June 2017

  • Segers, Marijke C.; Oppenheimer, Benjamin D.; Schaye, Joop
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 471, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1633

Protocluster discovery in tomographic Ly α forest flux maps
journal, August 2015

  • Stark, Casey W.; White, Martin; Lee, Khee-Gan
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 453, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv1620

Flickering AGN can explain the strong circumgalactic O vi observed by COS-Halos
journal, November 2017

  • Oppenheimer, Benjamin D.; Segers, Marijke; Schaye, Joop
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 474, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2967

Mapping the most Massive Overdensity Through Hydrogen (Mammoth). i. Methodology
journal, December 2016


A New Precision Measurement of the Small-scale Line-of-sight Power Spectrum of the Ly α Forest
journal, December 2017

  • Walther, Michael; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Hiss, Hector
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa9c81

Measuring the Radiative Histories of High‐Redshift QSOs with the Transverse Proximity Effect
journal, September 2004

  • Adelberger, Kurt L.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 612, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/422804

Quasar Clustering from sdss dr5: Dependences on Physical Properties
journal, May 2009


Self-Consistent Models of the agn and Black hole Populations: duty Cycles, Accretion Rates, and the mean Radiative Efficiency
journal, December 2008

  • Shankar, Francesco; Weinberg, David H.; Miralda-Escudé, Jordi
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 690, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/690/1/20

Active galactic nuclei: what’s in a name?
journal, August 2017

  • Padovani, P.; Alexander, D. M.; Assef, R. J.
  • The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, Vol. 25, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00159-017-0102-9

SHADOW OF A COLOSSUS: A z = 2.44 GALAXY PROTOCLUSTER DETECTED IN 3D Ly α FOREST TOMOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF THE COSMOS FIELD
journal, January 2016


The clustering of intermediate-redshift quasars as measured by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Quasar clustering
journal, June 2012


Cosmic calibration: Constraints from the matter power spectrum and the cosmic microwave background
journal, October 2007


The Evolution of Optical Depth in the Lyα Forest: Evidence Against Reionization at z ∼6
journal, June 2007

  • Becker, George D.; Rauch, Michael; Sargent, Wallace L. W.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 662, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/517866

Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
journal, February 2005

  • Di Matteo, Tiziana; Springel, Volker; Hernquist, Lars
  • Nature, Vol. 433, Issue 7026
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature03335

Evolution of the AGN UV luminosity function from redshift 7.5
journal, June 2019

  • Kulkarni, Girish; Worseck, Gábor; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 488, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1493

Unified Models for Active Galactic Nuclei and Quasars
journal, September 1993


The Giant Gemini GMOS survey of zem > 4.4 quasars – I. Measuring the mean free path across cosmic time
journal, October 2014

  • Worseck, Gábor; Prochaska, J. Xavier; O'Meara, John M.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 445, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1827

A Fundamental Test for Galaxy Formation Models: Matching the Lyman- α Absorption Profiles of Galactic Halos Over Three Decades in Distance
journal, May 2018

  • Sorini, Daniele; Oñorbe, José; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 859, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aabb52

UV CONTINUUM SLOPE AND DUST OBSCURATION FROM z ∼ 6 TO z ∼ 2: THE STAR FORMATION RATE DENSITY AT HIGH REDSHIFT
journal, October 2009


THE CHANDRA COSMOS-LEGACY SURVEY: SOURCE X-RAY SPECTRAL PROPERTIES
journal, October 2016


The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) Catalogue
journal, January 2015

  • Flesch, Eric W.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Vol. 32
  • DOI: 10.1017/pasa.2015.10

The proximity effect in a close group of QSOs
journal, December 2001


The star formation rate density and dust attenuation evolution over 12 Gyr with the VVDS surveys
journal, February 2012


CONSTRAINTS ON QUASAR LIFETIMES AND BEAMING FROM THE He II Lyα FOREST
journal, June 2011


Quasar ionization of Lyman-alpha clouds - The proximity effect, a probe of the ultraviolet background at high redshift
journal, April 1988

  • Bajtlik, Stanislaw; Duncan, Robert C.; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 327
  • DOI: 10.1086/166217

The transverse proximity effect in the z ∼ 2 Lyman α forest suggests quasi-stellar object episodic lifetimes of ∼1 Myr
journal, December 2008


THE OBSCURED FRACTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN THE XMM -COSMOS SURVEY: A SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION PERSPECTIVE
journal, October 2013


Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z  ~ 6 Quasars. II. A Sample of 19 Quasars
journal, June 2006

  • Fan, Xiaohui; Strauss, Michael A.; Becker, Robert H.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 132, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/504836

A first direct measurement of the intergalactic medium temperature around a quasar at z= 6: The IGM temperature around a quasar at z=6
journal, May 2010

  • Bolton, James S.; Becker, George D.; Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 406, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16701.x

Quasar evolution derived from the Palomar bright quasar survey and other complete quasar surveys
journal, June 1983

  • Schmidt, M.; Green, R. F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 269
  • DOI: 10.1086/161048

Continuous statistics of the Ly  forest at 0 <z < 1.6: the mean flux, flux distribution and autocorrelation fromHST FOS spectra
journal, April 2007


THE PAN-STARRS1 DISTANT z > 5.6 QUASAR SURVEY: MORE THAN 100 QUASARS WITHIN THE FIRST GYR OF THE UNIVERSE
journal, November 2016

  • Bañados, E.; Venemans, B. P.; Decarli, R.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 227, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/227/1/11

Measurements of the ultraviolet background at 4.6 < z < 6.4 using the quasar proximity effect★: Proximity-effect measurements of the UVB at high redshift
journal, March 2011

  • Calverley, Alexander P.; Becker, George D.; Haehnelt, Martin G.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 412, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18072.x

Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging System Observations of the He ii Gunn‐Peterson Effect toward HE 2347−4342
journal, January 2002

  • Smette, Alain; Heap, Sara R.; Williger, Gerard M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 564, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/324397

A Uniform Analysis of the Lyα Forest at z  = 0–5. II. Measuring the Mean Intensity of the Extragalactic Ionizing Background Using the Proximity Effect
journal, September 2000

  • Scott, Jennifer; Bechtold, Jill; Dobrzycki, Adam
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 130, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/317340

A Simple Model for Quasar Demographics
journal, December 2012


The first ultraviolet quasar-stacked spectrum at z ≃ 2.4 from WFC3
journal, April 2015

  • Lusso, E.; Worseck, G.; Hennawi, J. F.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 449, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv516

The halo Occupation Distribution of sdss Quasars
journal, July 2012

  • Richardson, Jonathan; Zheng, Zheng; Chatterjee, Suchetana
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 755, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/30

A self-consistent 3D model of fluctuations in the helium-ionizing background
journal, November 2016

  • Davies, Frederick B.; Furlanetto, Steven R.; Dixon, Keri L.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 465, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2868

A catalogue of quasars and active nuclei: 13th edition
journal, July 2010


UV LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS AT REDSHIFTS z ∼ 4 TO z ∼ 10: 10,000 GALAXIES FROM HST LEGACY FIELDS
journal, April 2015


Quasars near the line of sight towards Q 0302-003 and the transverse proximity effect
journal, April 2006


Photoheating and the fate of hard photons during the reionization of He ii by quasars
journal, May 2009

  • Bolton, James S.; Oh, S. Peng; Furlanetto, Steven R.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 395, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14597.x

The Thermal Proximity Effect: A New Probe of the He ii Reionization History and Quasar Lifetime
journal, March 2017

  • Khrykin, I. S.; Hennawi, J. F.; McQuinn, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 838, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa6621

Dusty Winds in Active Galactic Nuclei: Reconciling Observations with Models
journal, March 2017


On the evolution of the H i column density distribution in cosmological simulations
journal, February 2013

  • Rahmati, Alireza; Pawlik, Andreas H.; Raičevic̀, Milan
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 430, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stt066

Predicting Quasar Continua near Ly α with Principal Component Analysis
journal, September 2018

  • Davies, Frederick B.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Bañados, Eduardo
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 864, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad7f8

QUASARS PROBING QUASARS. VIII. THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE COOL CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM SURROUNDING z ∼ 2–3 MASSIVE GALAXIES HOSTING QUASARS
journal, October 2016

  • Lau, Marie Wingyee; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Hennawi, Joseph F.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 226, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/226/2/25

Feedback from Central Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies: Two-Dimensional Models Compared to One-Dimensional Models
journal, July 2011

  • Novak, Gregory S.; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Ciotti, Luca
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 737, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/26

Detection of the Transverse Proximity Effect: Radiative Feedback from Bright QSOs1
journal, April 2008

  • Gonçalves, Thiago S.; Steidel, Charles C.; Pettini, Max
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 676, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/527313

An Observational Determination of the Bolometric Quasar Luminosity Function
journal, January 2007

  • Hopkins, Philip F.; Richards, Gordon T.; Hernquist, Lars
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 654, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/509629

New measurements of the ionizing ultraviolet background over 2 < z < 5 and implications for hydrogen reionization
journal, October 2013

  • Becker, George D.; Bolton, James S.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 436, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stt1610

Nyx: A MASSIVELY PARALLEL AMR CODE FOR COMPUTATIONAL COSMOLOGY
journal, February 2013


The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: twelfth data release
text, January 2016

  • Pâris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick; P., Ross Nicholas
  • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
  • DOI: 10.17863/cam.5971

A structure for quasars
journal, September 2000


Helium reionization and the thermal proximity effect
text, January 2010


The bulk of the black hole growth since z~1 occurs in a secular universe: No major merger-AGN connection
text, January 2010


Self-Consistent Modeling of Reionization in Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulations
text, January 2016


The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: twelfth data release
text, January 2016


The Thermal Proximity Effect: A New Probe of He II Reionization History and the Quasar Lifetime
text, January 2016


Dusty winds in active galactic nuclei: reconciling observations with models
text, January 2017


A self-consistent 3D model of fluctuations in the helium-ionizing background
text, January 2017


Active Galactic Nuclei: what's in a name?
text, January 2017


Modeling the HeII Transverse Proximity Effect: Constraints on Quasar Lifetime and Obscuration
text, January 2017


The proximity effect in a close group of QSOs
text, January 2001


Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
text, January 2005


Quasars Probing Quasars I: Optically Thick Absorbers Near Luminous Quasars
text, January 2006


An Observational Determination of the Bolometric Quasar Luminosity Function
text, January 2006


Works referencing / citing this record:

Simulating MOS science on the ELT: Ly α forest tomography
journal, December 2019


Evidence for Low Radiative Efficiency or Highly Obscured Growth of z > 7 Quasars
journal, October 2019

  • Davies, Frederick B.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Eilers, Anna-Christina
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab42e3