Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants
Abstract
Hollow reentrants in quartz phenocrysts from Yellowstone (western United States) caldera’s Lava Creek Tuff are preserved vestiges of bubbles in the supereruption’s pre-eruptive magma reservoir. We characterized the reentrants using a combination of petrographic techniques, synchrotron X-ray microtomography, and cathodoluminescence imagery. One or more reentrants occur in ~20% of quartz, and up to ~90% of those reentrants are hollow. The earliest-erupted parts of the Lava Creek Tuff have the most empty reentrants. The hollow reentrants provide direct, physical evidence for volatile saturation, exsolution, and retention in a magma reservoir. Quartz-melt surface tension permits bubbles to attach to quartz only when bubbles have been able to nucleate and grow in the melt. Prior to eruption, the Lava Creek Tuff existed as a bubbly, volatile-saturated magma reservoir. Finally, the exsolved volatiles increased magma compressibility, helping to prevent the ever-accumulating magma from reaching a critical, eruptive overpressure until it reached a tremendous volume.
- Authors:
-
- Baylor Univ., Waco, TX (United States)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1581355
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; EAR-1724429; EAR-1724469
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Geology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 47; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0091-7613
- Publisher:
- Geological Society of America
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; igneous rocks; quartz; pumice; pyroclastics; United States; silica minerals; volcanic rocks; magmas; silicates; framework silicates; Wyoming; X-ray analysis; Yellowstone National Park
Citation Formats
Befus, Kenneth S., and Manga, Michael. Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1130/g46275.1.
Befus, Kenneth S., & Manga, Michael. Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants. United States. https://doi.org/10.1130/g46275.1
Befus, Kenneth S., and Manga, Michael. Wed .
"Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants". United States. https://doi.org/10.1130/g46275.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1581355.
@article{osti_1581355,
title = {Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants},
author = {Befus, Kenneth S. and Manga, Michael},
abstractNote = {Hollow reentrants in quartz phenocrysts from Yellowstone (western United States) caldera’s Lava Creek Tuff are preserved vestiges of bubbles in the supereruption’s pre-eruptive magma reservoir. We characterized the reentrants using a combination of petrographic techniques, synchrotron X-ray microtomography, and cathodoluminescence imagery. One or more reentrants occur in ~20% of quartz, and up to ~90% of those reentrants are hollow. The earliest-erupted parts of the Lava Creek Tuff have the most empty reentrants. The hollow reentrants provide direct, physical evidence for volatile saturation, exsolution, and retention in a magma reservoir. Quartz-melt surface tension permits bubbles to attach to quartz only when bubbles have been able to nucleate and grow in the melt. Prior to eruption, the Lava Creek Tuff existed as a bubbly, volatile-saturated magma reservoir. Finally, the exsolved volatiles increased magma compressibility, helping to prevent the ever-accumulating magma from reaching a critical, eruptive overpressure until it reached a tremendous volume.},
doi = {10.1130/g46275.1},
journal = {Geology},
number = 8,
volume = 47,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {5}
}
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