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Title: Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage

Abstract

Geologic carbon storage, as well as other geo-energy applications, such as geothermal energy, seasonal natural gas storage and subsurface energy storage imply fluid injection and/or extraction that causes changes in rock stress field and may induce (micro)seismicity. If felt, seismicity has a negative effect on public perception and may jeopardize wellbore stability and damage infrastructure. Thus, induced earthquakes should be minimized to successfully deploy geo-energies. However, numerous processes may trigger induced seismicity, which contribute to making it complex and translates into a limited forecast ability of current predictive models. We review the triggering mechanisms of induced seismicity. Specifically, we analyze (1) the impact of pore pressure evolution and the effect that properties of the injected fluid have on fracture and/or fault stability; (2) non-isothermal effects caused by the fact that the injected fluid usually reaches the injection formation at a lower temperature than that of the rock, inducing rock contraction, thermal stress reduction and stress redistribution around the cooled region; (3) local stress changes induced when low-permeability faults cross the injection formation, which may reduce their stability and eventually cause fault reactivation; (4) stress transfer caused by seismic or aseismic slip; and (5) geochemical effects, which may be especially relevantmore » in carbonate-containing formations. We also review characterization techniques developed by the authors to reduce the uncertainty in rock properties and subsurface heterogeneity both for the screening of injection sites and for the operation of projects. Based on the review, we propose a methodology based on proper site characterization, monitoring and pressure management to minimize induced seismicity.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Spanish National Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona (Spain); Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group UPC-CSIC, Barcelona (Spain)
  2. Technical Univ. of Catalonia (UPC-BarcelonaTech), Barcelona (Spain)
  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne (Switzerland)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1580885
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Solid Earth (online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Solid Earth (online); Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1869-9529
Publisher:
Copernicus
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES

Citation Formats

Vilarrasa, Víctor, Carrera, Jesus, Olivella, Sebastià, Rutqvist, Jonny, and Laloui, Lyesse. Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.5194/se-10-871-2019.
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Vilarrasa, Víctor, Carrera, Jesus, Olivella, Sebastià, Rutqvist, Jonny, & Laloui, Lyesse. Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage. United States. doi:10.5194/se-10-871-2019.
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Vilarrasa, Víctor, Carrera, Jesus, Olivella, Sebastià, Rutqvist, Jonny, and Laloui, Lyesse. Wed . "Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage". United States. doi:10.5194/se-10-871-2019. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1580885.
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@article{osti_1580885,
title = {Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage},
author = {Vilarrasa, Víctor and Carrera, Jesus and Olivella, Sebastià and Rutqvist, Jonny and Laloui, Lyesse},
abstractNote = {Geologic carbon storage, as well as other geo-energy applications, such as geothermal energy, seasonal natural gas storage and subsurface energy storage imply fluid injection and/or extraction that causes changes in rock stress field and may induce (micro)seismicity. If felt, seismicity has a negative effect on public perception and may jeopardize wellbore stability and damage infrastructure. Thus, induced earthquakes should be minimized to successfully deploy geo-energies. However, numerous processes may trigger induced seismicity, which contribute to making it complex and translates into a limited forecast ability of current predictive models. We review the triggering mechanisms of induced seismicity. Specifically, we analyze (1) the impact of pore pressure evolution and the effect that properties of the injected fluid have on fracture and/or fault stability; (2) non-isothermal effects caused by the fact that the injected fluid usually reaches the injection formation at a lower temperature than that of the rock, inducing rock contraction, thermal stress reduction and stress redistribution around the cooled region; (3) local stress changes induced when low-permeability faults cross the injection formation, which may reduce their stability and eventually cause fault reactivation; (4) stress transfer caused by seismic or aseismic slip; and (5) geochemical effects, which may be especially relevant in carbonate-containing formations. We also review characterization techniques developed by the authors to reduce the uncertainty in rock properties and subsurface heterogeneity both for the screening of injection sites and for the operation of projects. Based on the review, we propose a methodology based on proper site characterization, monitoring and pressure management to minimize induced seismicity.},
doi = {10.5194/se-10-871-2019},
journal = {Solid Earth (online)},
number = 3,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {6}
}
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DOI:  10.5194/se-10-871-2019
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  • DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005379

Stress tensor changes related to fluid injection at The Geysers geothermal field, California: STRESS TENSOR CHANGES AT THE GEYSERS
journal, June 2013

  • Martínez-Garzón, Patricia; Bohnhoff, Marco; Kwiatek, Grzegorz
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1002/grl.50438

Numerical modeling of the pumping tests at the Ketzin pilot site for CO2 injection: Model calibration and heterogeneity effects
journal, March 2014

Semianalytical Solution for $$\text{ CO}_{2}$$ Plume Shape and Pressure Evolution During $$\text{ CO}_{2}$$ Injection in Deep Saline Formations
journal, January 2013

On Volterra'S Dislocations in a Semi-Infinite Elastic Medium
journal, February 1958

  • Steketee, J. A.
  • Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 36, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1139/p58-024

Simulation of seismic events induced by CO2 injection at In Salah, Algeria
journal, September 2015

Optimization of a CO2 storage project based on thermal, geomechanical and induced fracturing effects
journal, October 2015

Probabilistic geomechanical analysis of compartmentalization at the Snøhvit CO 2 sequestration project
journal, February 2015

  • Chiaramonte, Laura; White, Joshua A.; Trainor‐Guitton, Whitney
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 120, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JB011376

Earthquakes Induced by the Stimulation of an Enhanced Geothermal System below Basel (Switzerland)
journal, September 2009

Impact-driven pressure management via targeted brine extraction—Conceptual studies of CO2 storage in saline formations
journal, March 2012

  • Birkholzer, Jens T.; Cihan, Abdullah; Zhou, Quanlin
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 7
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.01.001

Injection-Induced Earthquakes
journal, July 2013

Geologic carbon storage is unlikely to trigger large earthquakes and reactivate faults through which CO 2 could leak
journal, April 2015

  • Vilarrasa, Victor; Carrera, Jesus
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1413284112

Fault reactivation during CO 2 sequestration: Effects of well orientation on seismicity and leakage
journal, June 2015

  • Rinaldi, Antonio P.; Vilarrasa, Victor; Rutqvist, Jonny
  • Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Vol. 5, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/ghg.1511

Numerical Modeling of Pressure and Temperature Profiles Including Phase Transitions in Carbon Dioxide Wells
conference, April 2013

  • Paterson, Lincoln; Lu, Meng; Connell, Luke
  • SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition
  • DOI: 10.2118/115946-MS

The microseismic response at the In Salah Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) site
journal, January 2015

  • Stork, Anna L.; Verdon, James P.; Kendall, J. -Michael
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 32
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.014

Rock physics analysis and time-lapse rock imaging of geochemical effects due to the injection of CO2 into reservoir rocks
journal, September 2011

Active CO2 reservoir management for carbon storage: Analysis of operational strategies to relieve pressure buildup and improve injectivity
journal, January 2012

  • Buscheck, Thomas A.; Sun, Yunwei; Chen, Mingjie
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 6
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.11.007

Modeling of deep fracture zone opening and transient ground surface uplift at KB-502 CO2 injection well, In Salah, Algeria
journal, January 2013

Deformation-Induced Changes in Hydraulic Head During Ground-Water Withdrawal
journal, November 1996

Liquid CO2 injection for geological storage in deep saline aquifers
journal, May 2013

  • Vilarrasa, Víctor; Silva, Orlando; Carrera, Jesús
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 14
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.015

Potential fracture propagation into the caprock induced by cold <mml:math altimg="si36.gif" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd" xmlns:sa="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-aff/dtd"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle mathvariant="normal"><mml:mi>CO</mml:mi></mml:mstyle></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> injection in normal faulting stress regimes
journal, July 2015

Impacts of Thermally Induced Stresses on Fracture Stability During Geological Storage of CO2
journal, January 2016

Geomechanical analysis of the influence of CO 2 injection location on fault stability
journal, December 2016

  • Vilarrasa, Victor; Makhnenko, Roman; Gheibi, Sohrab
  • Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2016.06.006

Understanding diagnostic plots for well-test interpretation
journal, November 2008

Volumetrics of CO 2 Storage in Deep Saline Formations
journal, August 2012

  • Steele-MacInnis, Matthew; Capobianco, Ryan M.; Dilmore, Robert
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/es301598t

Significance for secure CO 2 storage of earthquakes induced by fluid injection
journal, May 2014

Temporal variations in near-wellbore pressures during CO2 injection in saline aquifers
journal, September 2011

  • Okwen, Roland T.; Stewart, Mark T.; Cunningham, Jeffrey A.
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 5, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.07.011

Influence of Thermo-Elastic Stress on CO2 Injection Induced Fractures During Storage
conference, April 2013

  • Luo, Zhiyuan; Bryant, Steven Lawrence
  • SPE International Conference on CO2 Capture, Storage, and Utilization
  • DOI: 10.2118/139719-MS

Monitoring above-zone temperature variations associated with CO2 and brine leakage from a storage aquifer
journal, February 2014

  • Zeidouni, Mehdi; Nicot, Jean-Philippe; Hovorka, Susan D.
  • Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12665-014-3077-0

A method for quick assessment of CO2 storage capacity in closed and semi-closed saline formations
journal, October 2008

  • Zhou, Quanlin; Birkholzer, Jens T.; Tsang, Chin-Fu
  • International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 2, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2008.02.004

Snøhvit: The History of Injecting and Storing 1 Mt CO2 in the Fluvial Tubåen Fm
journal, January 2013

Combining geothermal energy capture with geologic carbon dioxide sequestration: GEOTHERMAL ENERGY WITH CO
journal, May 2011

  • Randolph, Jimmy B.; Saar, Martin O.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1029/2011GL047265

Fault Stability Analysis Related to CO2 Injection at Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
journal, January 2013

Non-isothermal flow of carbon dioxide in injection wells during geological storage
journal, April 2008

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