Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor

doi:10.1126/science.aaw8419

Title: Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor

Abstract

The possible realization of Majorana fermions as quasiparticle excitations in condensed-matter physics has created much excitement. Most studies have focused on Majorana bound states; however, propagating Majorana states with linear dispersion have also been predicted. Here, we report scanning tunneling spectroscopic measurements of crystalline domain walls (DWs) in FeSe _0.45 Te _0.55 . We located DWs across which the lattice structure shifts by half a unit cell. These DWs have a finite, flat density of states inside the superconducting gap, which is a hallmark of linearly dispersing modes in one dimension. This signature is absent in DWs in the related superconductor, FeSe, which is not in the topological phase. Our combined data are consistent with the observation of dispersing Majorana states at a π-phase shift DW in a proximitized topological material.

Authors:

;

Publication Date:: 2020-01-02

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1580804

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0014335; FG02-05ER46225

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Science Journal Volume: 367 Journal Issue: 6473; Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Wang, Zhenyu, Rodriguez, Jorge Olivares, Jiao, Lin, Howard, Sean, Graham, Martin, Gu, G. D., Hughes, Taylor L., Morr, Dirk K., and Madhavan, Vidya. Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
        Web.  doi:10.1126/science.aaw8419.

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                    Wang, Zhenyu, Rodriguez, Jorge Olivares, Jiao, Lin, Howard, Sean, Graham, Martin, Gu, G. D., Hughes, Taylor L., Morr, Dirk K., & Madhavan, Vidya. Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor.  United States.  doi:10.1126/science.aaw8419.

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                    Wang, Zhenyu, Rodriguez, Jorge Olivares, Jiao, Lin, Howard, Sean, Graham, Martin, Gu, G. D., Hughes, Taylor L., Morr, Dirk K., and Madhavan, Vidya. Thu .  
        "Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor".  United States.  doi:10.1126/science.aaw8419.

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@article{osti_1580804,

  title        = {Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor},

  author       = {Wang, Zhenyu and Rodriguez, Jorge Olivares and Jiao, Lin and Howard, Sean and Graham, Martin and Gu, G. D. and Hughes, Taylor L. and Morr, Dirk K. and Madhavan, Vidya},

  abstractNote = {The possible realization of Majorana fermions as quasiparticle excitations in condensed-matter physics has created much excitement. Most studies have focused on Majorana bound states; however, propagating Majorana states with linear dispersion have also been predicted. Here, we report scanning tunneling spectroscopic measurements of crystalline domain walls (DWs) in FeSe 0.45 Te 0.55 . We located DWs across which the lattice structure shifts by half a unit cell. These DWs have a finite, flat density of states inside the superconducting gap, which is a hallmark of linearly dispersing modes in one dimension. This signature is absent in DWs in the related superconductor, FeSe, which is not in the topological phase. Our combined data are consistent with the observation of dispersing Majorana states at a π-phase shift DW in a proximitized topological material.},

  doi          = {10.1126/science.aaw8419},

  journal      = {Science},

  number       = 6473,

  volume       = 367,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2020},

  month        = {1}

}

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Title: Evidence for dispersing 1D Majorana channels in an iron-based superconductor

Abstract

Citation Formats

Superconducting properties of iron chalcogenide thin films journal, October 2012

Iron-Based Superconductors as Odd-Parity Superconductors journal, July 2013

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond journal, January 2006

Colloquium : Majorana fermions in nuclear, particle, and solid-state physics journal, February 2015

Toward tailoring Majorana bound states in artificially constructed magnetic atom chains on elemental superconductors journal, May 2018

Symmetry and Topology in Superconductors –Odd-Frequency Pairing and Edge States– journal, January 2012

Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures journal, August 2010

Non-Abelian Statistics of Half-Quantum Vortices in p -Wave Superconductors journal, January 2001

Time-Reversal-Invariant Topological Superconductors and Superfluids in Two and Three Dimensions journal, May 2009

Odd parity pairing and nodeless antiphase s ± in iron-based superconductors journal, January 2014

Topological nature of the FeSe 0.5 Te 0.5 superconductor journal, September 2015

Evidence for a cos ﻿ ( 4 φ ) Modulation of the Superconducting Energy Gap of Optimally Doped FeTe 0.6 Se 0.4 Single Crystals Using Laser Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy journal, December 2012

Topological Superconductivity on the Surface of Fe-Based Superconductors journal, July 2016

Optical properties of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45 journal, May 2011

Helical Liquids and Majorana Bound States in Quantum Wires journal, October 2010

Majorana Zero Mode Detected with Spin Selective Andreev Reflection in the Vortex of a Topological Superconductor journal, June 2016

Quantized charge transport in chiral Majorana edge modes journal, November 2017

Signatures of Majorana Fermions in Hybrid Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowire Devices journal, April 2012

Search for Majorana Fermions in Superconductors journal, April 2013

Observation of a robust zero-energy bound state in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se) journal, June 2015

New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems journal, June 2012

Chiral Majorana fermion modes in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator–superconductor structure journal, July 2017

Orbital superconductivity, defects, and pinned nematic fluctuations in the doped iron chalcogenide FeSe 0.45 Te 0.55 journal, August 2017

Classification of topological insulators and superconductors in three spatial dimensions journal, November 2008

End States and Subgap Structure in Proximity-Coupled Chains of Magnetic Adatoms journal, November 2015

First Investigation of Pressure Effects on Transition from Superconductive to Metallic Phase in FeSe 0.5 Te 0.5 journal, June 2009

Unconventional s-Wave Superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te) journal, April 2010

Teoria simmetrica dell’elettrone e del positrone journal, April 1937

Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation journal, September 2008

Exponential protection of zero modes in Majorana islands journal, March 2016

Isotropic superconducting gaps with enhanced pairing on electron Fermi surfaces in FeTe 0.55 Se 0.45 journal, March 2012

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect journal, April 2000

Fault-tolerant quantum computation by anyons journal, January 2003

Topological Phases in the Single-Layer FeSe journal, September 2014

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor journal, March 2018

Discrete energy levels of Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states in quantum limit in FeTe0.55Se0.45 journal, March 2018

Atomic-scale interface engineering of Majorana edge modes in a 2D magnet-superconductor hybrid system journal, July 2019

Observation of Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic atomic chains on a superconductor journal, October 2014

Topological characters in Fe ( Te 1 − x Se x ) thin films journal, March 2016

Zero-bias peaks and splitting in an Al–InAs nanowire topological superconductor as a signature of Majorana fermions journal, November 2012

Intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity of the high-Tc copper-oxide pseudogap states journal, July 2010

Helical Hinge Majorana Modes in Iron-Based Superconductors journal, May 2019

Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors journal, October 2011

Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor journal, August 2018

Zero-energy vortex bound state in the superconducting topological surface state of Fe(Se,Te) journal, June 2019

Superconducting properties of iron chalcogenide thin films
journal, October 2012

Iron-Based Superconductors as Odd-Parity Superconductors
journal, July 2013

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond
journal, January 2006

Colloquium : Majorana fermions in nuclear, particle, and solid-state physics
journal, February 2015

Toward tailoring Majorana bound states in artificially constructed magnetic atom chains on elemental superconductors
journal, May 2018

Symmetry and Topology in Superconductors –Odd-Frequency Pairing and Edge States–
journal, January 2012

Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
journal, August 2010

Non-Abelian Statistics of Half-Quantum Vortices in $p$ -Wave Superconductors
journal, January 2001

Time-Reversal-Invariant Topological Superconductors and Superfluids in Two and Three Dimensions
journal, May 2009

Odd parity pairing and nodeless antiphase $s^{\pm}$ in iron-based superconductors
journal, January 2014

Topological nature of the ${FeSe}_{0.5} {Te}_{0.5}$ superconductor
journal, September 2015

Evidence for a $\cos (4 φ)$ Modulation of the Superconducting Energy Gap of Optimally Doped ${FeTe}_{0.6} {Se}_{0.4}$ Single Crystals Using Laser Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
journal, December 2012

Topological Superconductivity on the Surface of Fe-Based Superconductors
journal, July 2016

Optical properties of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45
journal, May 2011

Helical Liquids and Majorana Bound States in Quantum Wires
journal, October 2010

Majorana Zero Mode Detected with Spin Selective Andreev Reflection in the Vortex of a Topological Superconductor
journal, June 2016

Quantized charge transport in chiral Majorana edge modes
journal, November 2017

Signatures of Majorana Fermions in Hybrid Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowire Devices
journal, April 2012

Search for Majorana Fermions in Superconductors
journal, April 2013

Observation of a robust zero-energy bound state in iron-based superconductor Fe(Te,Se)
journal, June 2015

New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems
journal, June 2012

Chiral Majorana fermion modes in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator–superconductor structure
journal, July 2017

Orbital superconductivity, defects, and pinned nematic fluctuations in the doped iron chalcogenide ${FeSe}_{0.45} {Te}_{0.55}$
journal, August 2017

Classification of topological insulators and superconductors in three spatial dimensions
journal, November 2008

End States and Subgap Structure in Proximity-Coupled Chains of Magnetic Adatoms
journal, November 2015

First Investigation of Pressure Effects on Transition from Superconductive to Metallic Phase in FeSe _0.5 Te _0.5
journal, June 2009

Unconventional s-Wave Superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te)
journal, April 2010

Teoria simmetrica dell’elettrone e del positrone
journal, April 1937

Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation
journal, September 2008

Exponential protection of zero modes in Majorana islands
journal, March 2016

Isotropic superconducting gaps with enhanced pairing on electron Fermi surfaces in FeTe $_{0.55}$ Se $_{0.45}$
journal, March 2012

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect
journal, April 2000

Fault-tolerant quantum computation by anyons
journal, January 2003

Topological Phases in the Single-Layer FeSe
journal, September 2014

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor
journal, March 2018

Discrete energy levels of Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states in quantum limit in FeTe0.55Se0.45
journal, March 2018

Atomic-scale interface engineering of Majorana edge modes in a 2D magnet-superconductor hybrid system
journal, July 2019

Observation of Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic atomic chains on a superconductor
journal, October 2014

Topological characters in $Fe ({Te}_{1 - x} {Se}_{x})$ thin films
journal, March 2016

Zero-bias peaks and splitting in an Al–InAs nanowire topological superconductor as a signature of Majorana fermions
journal, November 2012

Intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity of the high-Tc copper-oxide pseudogap states
journal, July 2010

Helical Hinge Majorana Modes in Iron-Based Superconductors
journal, May 2019

Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors
journal, October 2011

Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor
journal, August 2018

Zero-energy vortex bound state in the superconducting topological surface state of Fe(Se,Te)
journal, June 2019