Frustrated supercritical collapse in tunable charge arrays on graphene

Lu, Jiong; Tsai, Hsin-Zon; Tatan, Alpin N.; Wickenburg, Sebastian; Omrani, Arash A.; Wong, Dillon; Riss, Alexander; Piatti, Erik; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Zettl, Alex; Pereira, Vitor M.; Crommie, Michael F.

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08371-2

Title: Frustrated supercritical collapse in tunable charge arrays on graphene

Journal Article · 28 January 2019 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08371-2 · OSTI ID:1580359

Lu, Jiong ^[1]; Tsai, Hsin-Zon ^[2]; Tatan, Alpin N. ^[3]; Wickenburg, Sebastian ^[4]; Omrani, Arash A. ^[5]; Wong, Dillon ^[4]; Riss, Alexander ^[6]; Piatti, Erik ^[7]; Watanabe, Kenji ^[8]; Taniguchi, Takashi ^[8]; Zettl, Alex ^[9];

^[3];

^[9]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); National Univ. of Singapore (Singapore)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Shenzhen Univ., Shenzhen (China); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
National Univ. of Singapore (Singapore)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Technical Univ. of Munich (Germany)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Politecnico di Torino, Torino (Italy)
National Inst. for Materials, Science, Tsukuba (Japan)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Kavli Energy NanoSciences Inst.

The photon-like behavior of electrons in graphene causes unusual confinement properties that depend strongly on the geometry and strength of the surrounding potential. We report bottom-up synthesis of atomically-precise one-dimensional (1D) arrays of point charges on graphene that allow exploration of a new type of supercritical confinement of graphene carriers. The arrays were synthesized by arranging F₄TCNQ molecules into a 1D lattice on back-gated graphene, allowing precise tuning of both the molecular charge and the array periodicity. While dilute arrays of ionized F₄TCNQ molecules are seen to behave like isolated subcritical charges, dense arrays show emergent supercriticality. In contrast to compact supercritical clusters, these extended arrays display both supercritical and subcritical characteristics and belong to a new physical regime termed "frustrated supercritical collapse". Here carriers in the far-field are attracted by a supercritical charge distribution, but their fall to the center is frustrated by subcritical potentials in the near-field, similar to trapping of light by a dense cluster of stars in general relativity.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); Singapore National Research Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1580359

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 10; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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