Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states

Liu, Yizhuang; Nowak, Maciej A.; Zahed, Ismail

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126023

Title: Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states

Abstract

We provide a holographic description of nonstrange multiquark exotics as compact topological molecules by binding heavy-light mesons to a tunneling configuration in $$\text{D8-D}\bar{8}$$ that is homotopic to the vacuum state with a fixed Chern-Simons number. In the tunneling process, the heavy-light mesons transmute to fermions. Their binding is generic and arises from a trade-off between the dipole attraction induced by the Chern-Simons term and the U(1) fermionic repulsion. In the heavy quark limit, the open-flavor tetraquark exotics $$QQ\bar{q}\bar{q}$$ and $$\bar{Q}\bar{Q}qq$$ emerge as bound Efimov states in a degenerate multiplet $IJ^π = (00^+, 01^+)$ with opposite intrinsic Chern-Simons numbers $$±\frac{1}{2}$$. The hidden-flavor tetraquark exotics such as $$Q\bar{Q}q\bar{q}$$, $$QQ\bar{Q}\bar{q}$$, and $$QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$$ as compact topological molecules are unbound. Other exotics are also discussed.

Authors:: Liu, Yizhuang; Nowak, Maciej A.; Zahed, Ismail

Publication Date:: 2019-12-24

Research Org.:: State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Centre of Poland (NCN)

OSTI Identifier:: 1580304

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1800697

Grant/Contract Number:: FG-88ER40388; FG02-88ER40388; UMO-2017/27/B/ST2/01139

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 100 Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics

Citation Formats


                    Liu, Yizhuang, Nowak, Maciej A., and Zahed, Ismail. Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126023.

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                    Liu, Yizhuang, Nowak, Maciej A., & Zahed, Ismail. Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126023

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                    Liu, Yizhuang, Nowak, Maciej A., and Zahed, Ismail. Tue .  
"Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126023.

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@article{osti_1580304,

  title        = {Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states},

  author       = {Liu, Yizhuang and Nowak, Maciej A. and Zahed, Ismail},

  abstractNote = {We provide a holographic description of nonstrange multiquark exotics as compact topological molecules by binding heavy-light mesons to a tunneling configuration in $\text{D8-D}\bar{8}$ that is homotopic to the vacuum state with a fixed Chern-Simons number. In the tunneling process, the heavy-light mesons transmute to fermions. Their binding is generic and arises from a trade-off between the dipole attraction induced by the Chern-Simons term and the U(1) fermionic repulsion. In the heavy quark limit, the open-flavor tetraquark exotics $QQ\bar{q}\bar{q}$ and $\bar{Q}\bar{Q}qq$ emerge as bound Efimov states in a degenerate multiplet $IJ^π = (00^+, 01^+)$ with opposite intrinsic Chern-Simons numbers $±\frac{1}{2}$. The hidden-flavor tetraquark exotics such as $Q\bar{Q}q\bar{q}$, $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{q}$, and $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ as compact topological molecules are unbound. Other exotics are also discussed.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126023},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 100,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {12}

}

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Title: Heavy holographic exotics: Tetraquarks as Efimov states

Abstract

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A holographic model of heavy-light mesons journal, August 2013

Heavy quark symmetry predictions for weakly bound B -meson molecules journal, December 2011

Could the near-threshold X Y Z states be simply kinematic effects? journal, March 2015

Do narrow heavy multiquark states exist? journal, May 1982

Observation of a Charged Charmoniumlike Structure in e + e − → π + π − J / ψ at s = 4.26 GeV journal, June 2013

Holographic heavy baryons in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model with the D0-D4 background journal, November 2017

Doubly charmed exotic mesons: A gift of nature? journal, May 2011

Heavy solitonic baryons journal, April 1993

The string-junction picture of multiquark states: an update journal, June 2016

Stability of dimesons journal, February 1988

Understanding the newly observed Ω c states through their decays journal, June 2017

Heavy-quark solitons: towards realistic masses journal, July 1995

Amplitude analysis of B + → J / ψ ϕ K + decays journal, January 2017

J P G = 1 ++ charged resonance in the Υ ( 4260 ) → π + π − J / ψ decay? journal, June 2013

Heavy baryons and their exotics from instantons in holographic QCD journal, June 2017

Heavy exotic molecules journal, January 2017

Charmonium journal, October 2008

Doubly Heavy Exotic Mesons and Baryons and How to Look for Them journal, January 2016

Exploring improved holographic theories for QCD: part I journal, February 2008

An explanation of Belle states Z b (10610) and Z b (10650) journal, September 2011

Holographic Baryons: Static Properties and Form Factors from Gauge/String Duality journal, December 2008

On the Couplings of Vector Mesons in AdS/QCD journal, April 2006

Supersymmetry across the light and heavy-light hadronic spectrum journal, October 2015

Simple estimates of the masses of pentaquarks with hidden beauty or strangeness journal, April 2016

Holographic heavy-light chiral effective action journal, March 2017

Evidence for a B s 0 π ± State journal, July 2016

Observation of J / ψ ϕ Structures Consistent with Exotic States from Amplitude Analysis of B + → J / ψ ϕ K + Decays journal, January 2017

Interpretation of the newly observed Ω c 0 resonances journal, July 2017

Spectroscopy with heavy-quark symmetry journal, March 1991

Multibaryons with heavy flavors in the Skyrme model journal, January 2000

From the deuteron to deusons, an analysis of deuteronlike meson-meson bound states journal, September 1994

Discovery potential of stable and near-threshold doubly heavy tetraquarks at the LHC journal, October 2018

A tetraquark or not a tetraquark? A holography inspired stringy hadron (HISH) perspective journal, July 2017

The no-wall holographic model for vector quarkonia journal, January 2016

Renormalization-group limit cycle for the 1 ∕ r 2 potential journal, November 2004

Is Θ+(1540) a kaon–skyrmion resonance? journal, April 2004

Observation of Two Charged Bottomoniumlike Resonances in Υ ( 5 S ) Decays journal, March 2012

QCD and a Holographic Model of Hadrons journal, December 2005

Exotic Mesons with Hidden Bottom Near Thresholds journal, January 2013

Strong decay mode J / ψ p of hidden charm pentaquark states P c + ( 4380 ) and P c + ( 4450 ) in Σ c D ¯ * molecular scenario journal, April 2016

Deriving the existence of B B ¯ * bound states from the X ( 3872 ) and heavy quark symmetry journal, September 2011

Heavy baryons in a topological soliton model journal, September 1991

Isospin breaking of the narrow charmonium state of Belle at 3872 MeV as a deuson journal, June 2004

Multiquark States
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Electromagnetic baryon form factors from holographic QCD
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Evidence for charm-bottom tetraquarks and the mass dependence of heavy-light tetraquark states from lattice QCD
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Exploring improved holographic theories for QCD: part II
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Heavy baryons with strangeness in a soliton model
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Hadrons containing a heavy quark and QCD sum rules
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Chiral symmetry breaking from five-dimensional spaces
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Remarks on heavy-light mesons from AdS/CFT
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New charmonium states in QCD sum rules: A concise review
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Low Energy Hadron Physics in Holographic QCD
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Spectroscopy and Regge trajectories of heavy baryons in the relativistic quark-diquark picture
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Heavy Baryons in a Quark Model
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Hadro-charmonium
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SO(4)-symmetric solutions of Minkowskian Yang-Mills field equations
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Superconformal Algebraic Approach to Hadron Structure
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Baryons and the Chern-Simons Term in Holographic QCD with Three Flavors
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Structure of vector mesons in a holographic model with linear confinement
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More on a Holographic Dual of QCD
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The new heavy mesons: A status report
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The large $N$ limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity
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Interpretation of the narrow J/ψ p peaks in Λ  → J/ψ p K− decay in the compact diquark model
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Towards Exotic Hidden-Charm Pentaquarks in QCD
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Forced tunneling and turning state explosion in pure Yang-Mills theory
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Pentaquark and Tetraquark States
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Heavy hadrons and QCD instantons
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Exotic Hadrons: Review and Perspectives
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New $Ω_{c}^{0}$ baryons discovered by LHCb as the members of $1 P$ and $2 S$ states
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Is $X (3872)$ a molecule?
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Heavy quark symmetry and the Skyrme model
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Yang-Mills theory on the hypertorus
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Pentaquarks and doubly heavy exotic mesons
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Heavy exotic molecules with charm and bottom
journal, November 2016

Publisher’s Note: Evidence for Exotic Hadron Contributions to $Λ_{b}^{0} \to J / ψ p π^{-}$ Decays [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 , 082003 (2016)]
journal, September 2016

Novel charmonium and bottomonium spectroscopies due to deeply bound hadronic molecules from single pion exchange
journal, April 2010

A holographic model of heavy-light mesons
journal, August 2013

Heavy quark symmetry predictions for weakly bound $B$ -meson molecules
journal, December 2011

Could the near-threshold $X Y Z$ states be simply kinematic effects?
journal, March 2015

Do narrow heavy multiquark states exist?
journal, May 1982

Observation of a Charged Charmoniumlike Structure in $e^{+} e^{-} \to π^{+} π^{-} J / ψ$ at $\sqrt{s} = 4.26 GeV$
journal, June 2013

Holographic heavy baryons in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model with the D0-D4 background
journal, November 2017

Doubly charmed exotic mesons: A gift of nature?
journal, May 2011

Heavy solitonic baryons
journal, April 1993

The string-junction picture of multiquark states: an update
journal, June 2016

Stability of dimesons
journal, February 1988

Understanding the newly observed $Ω_{c}$ states through their decays
journal, June 2017

Heavy-quark solitons: towards realistic masses
journal, July 1995

Amplitude analysis of $B^{+} \to J / ψ ϕ K^{+}$ decays
journal, January 2017

$J^{P G} = 1^{++}$ charged resonance in the $Υ (4260) \to π^{+} π^{-} J / ψ$ decay?
journal, June 2013

Heavy baryons and their exotics from instantons in holographic QCD
journal, June 2017

Heavy exotic molecules
journal, January 2017

Charmonium
journal, October 2008

Doubly Heavy Exotic Mesons and Baryons and How to Look for Them
journal, January 2016

Exploring improved holographic theories for QCD: part I
journal, February 2008

An explanation of Belle states Z _b (10610) and Z _b (10650)
journal, September 2011

Holographic Baryons: Static Properties and Form Factors from Gauge/String Duality
journal, December 2008

On the Couplings of Vector Mesons in AdS/QCD
journal, April 2006

Supersymmetry across the light and heavy-light hadronic spectrum
journal, October 2015

Simple estimates of the masses of pentaquarks with hidden beauty or strangeness
journal, April 2016

Holographic heavy-light chiral effective action
journal, March 2017

Evidence for a $B_{s}^{0} π^{\pm}$ State
journal, July 2016

Observation of $J / ψ ϕ$ Structures Consistent with Exotic States from Amplitude Analysis of $B^{+} \to J / ψ ϕ K^{+}$ Decays
journal, January 2017

Interpretation of the newly observed $Ω_{c}^{0}$ resonances
journal, July 2017

Spectroscopy with heavy-quark symmetry
journal, March 1991

Multibaryons with heavy flavors in the Skyrme model
journal, January 2000

From the deuteron to deusons, an analysis of deuteronlike meson-meson bound states
journal, September 1994

Discovery potential of stable and near-threshold doubly heavy tetraquarks at the LHC
journal, October 2018

A tetraquark or not a tetraquark? A holography inspired stringy hadron (HISH) perspective
journal, July 2017

The no-wall holographic model for vector quarkonia
journal, January 2016

Renormalization-group limit cycle for the $1 ∕ r^{2}$ potential
journal, November 2004

Is Θ+(1540) a kaon–skyrmion resonance?
journal, April 2004

Observation of Two Charged Bottomoniumlike Resonances in $Υ (5 S)$ Decays
journal, March 2012

QCD and a Holographic Model of Hadrons
journal, December 2005

Exotic Mesons with Hidden Bottom Near Thresholds
journal, January 2013

Strong decay mode $J / ψ p$ of hidden charm pentaquark states $P_{c}^{+} (4380)$ and $P_{c}^{+} (4450)$ in $Σ_{c} {\bar{D}}^{*}$ molecular scenario
journal, April 2016

Deriving the existence of $B {\bar{B}}^{*}$ bound states from the $X (3872)$ and heavy quark symmetry
journal, September 2011

Heavy baryons in a topological soliton model
journal, September 1991

Isospin breaking of the narrow charmonium state of Belle at 3872 MeV as a deuson
journal, June 2004

Form factors and wave functions of vector mesons in holographic QCD
journal, July 2007

Masses of excited heavy baryons in the relativistic quark–diquark picture
journal, January 2008

Observation of a Narrow Meson State Decaying to $D_{s}^{+} π^{0}$ at a Mass of $2.32 G e V / c^{2}$
journal, June 2003