Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass offers a renewable carbon source which can be anaerobically digested to produce short-chain carboxylic acids. Here, we assess fuel properties of oxygenates accessible from catalytic upgrading of these acids a priori for their potential to serve as diesel bioblendstocks. Ethers derived from C2and C4carboxylic acids are identified as advantaged fuel candidates with significantly improved ignition quality (>56% cetane number increase) and reduced sooting (>86% yield sooting index reduction) when compared to commercial petrodiesel. The prescreening process informed conversion pathway selection toward a C11branched ether, 4-butoxyheptane, which showed promise for fuel performance and health- and safety-related attributes. A continuous, solvent-free production process was then developed using metal oxide acidic catalysts to provide improved thermal stability, water tolerance, and yields. Liter-scale production of 4-butoxyheptane enabled fuel property testing to confirm predicted fuel properties, while incorporation into petrodiesel at 20 vol % demonstrated 10% improvement in ignition quality and 20% reduction in intrinsic sooting tendency. Storage stability of the pure bioblendstock and 20 vol % blend was confirmed with a common fuel antioxidant, as was compatibility with elastomeric components within existing engine and fueling infrastructure. Technoeconomic analysis of the conversion process identified major cost drivers to guide further research and development.more »
- Authors:
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- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1579571
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1580492; OSTI ID: 1761720; OSTI ID: 1808790
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5100-74902
Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308; AC36-99GO10337; AC05-00OR22725; EE0007983; CBET-1604983; AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Volume: 116 Journal Issue: 52; Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
- Publisher:
- National Academy of Sciences
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 09 BIOMASS FUELS; biooxygenate; biofuel; solvent-free; technoeconomic analysis; life-cycle analysis; OPPL
Citation Formats
Huq, Nabila A., Huo, Xiangchen, Hafenstine, Glenn R., Tifft, Stephen M., Stunkel, Jim, Christensen, Earl D., Fioroni, Gina M., Fouts, Lisa, McCormick, Robert L., Cherry, Patrick A., McEnally, Charles S., Pfefferle, Lisa D., Wiatrowski, Matthew R., Benavides, P. Thathiana, Biddy, Mary J., Connatser, Raynella M., Kass, Michael D., Alleman, Teresa L., St. John, Peter C., Kim, Seonah, and Vardon, Derek R. Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1073/pnas.1911107116.
Huq, Nabila A., Huo, Xiangchen, Hafenstine, Glenn R., Tifft, Stephen M., Stunkel, Jim, Christensen, Earl D., Fioroni, Gina M., Fouts, Lisa, McCormick, Robert L., Cherry, Patrick A., McEnally, Charles S., Pfefferle, Lisa D., Wiatrowski, Matthew R., Benavides, P. Thathiana, Biddy, Mary J., Connatser, Raynella M., Kass, Michael D., Alleman, Teresa L., St. John, Peter C., Kim, Seonah, & Vardon, Derek R. Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design. United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1911107116
Huq, Nabila A., Huo, Xiangchen, Hafenstine, Glenn R., Tifft, Stephen M., Stunkel, Jim, Christensen, Earl D., Fioroni, Gina M., Fouts, Lisa, McCormick, Robert L., Cherry, Patrick A., McEnally, Charles S., Pfefferle, Lisa D., Wiatrowski, Matthew R., Benavides, P. Thathiana, Biddy, Mary J., Connatser, Raynella M., Kass, Michael D., Alleman, Teresa L., St. John, Peter C., Kim, Seonah, and Vardon, Derek R. Mon .
"Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design". United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1911107116.
@article{osti_1579571,
title = {Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design},
author = {Huq, Nabila A. and Huo, Xiangchen and Hafenstine, Glenn R. and Tifft, Stephen M. and Stunkel, Jim and Christensen, Earl D. and Fioroni, Gina M. and Fouts, Lisa and McCormick, Robert L. and Cherry, Patrick A. and McEnally, Charles S. and Pfefferle, Lisa D. and Wiatrowski, Matthew R. and Benavides, P. Thathiana and Biddy, Mary J. and Connatser, Raynella M. and Kass, Michael D. and Alleman, Teresa L. and St. John, Peter C. and Kim, Seonah and Vardon, Derek R.},
abstractNote = {Lignocellulosic biomass offers a renewable carbon source which can be anaerobically digested to produce short-chain carboxylic acids. Here, we assess fuel properties of oxygenates accessible from catalytic upgrading of these acids a priori for their potential to serve as diesel bioblendstocks. Ethers derived from C2and C4carboxylic acids are identified as advantaged fuel candidates with significantly improved ignition quality (>56% cetane number increase) and reduced sooting (>86% yield sooting index reduction) when compared to commercial petrodiesel. The prescreening process informed conversion pathway selection toward a C11branched ether, 4-butoxyheptane, which showed promise for fuel performance and health- and safety-related attributes. A continuous, solvent-free production process was then developed using metal oxide acidic catalysts to provide improved thermal stability, water tolerance, and yields. Liter-scale production of 4-butoxyheptane enabled fuel property testing to confirm predicted fuel properties, while incorporation into petrodiesel at 20 vol % demonstrated 10% improvement in ignition quality and 20% reduction in intrinsic sooting tendency. Storage stability of the pure bioblendstock and 20 vol % blend was confirmed with a common fuel antioxidant, as was compatibility with elastomeric components within existing engine and fueling infrastructure. Technoeconomic analysis of the conversion process identified major cost drivers to guide further research and development. Life-cycle analysis determined the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 271% relative to petrodiesel, depending on treatment of coproducts.},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1911107116},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
number = 52,
volume = 116,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {12}
}
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