Nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational waves from a first-order electroweak phase transition
Abstract
We present the first end-to-end nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational wave power spectrum from a thermal first-order electroweak phase transition (EWPT), using the framework of dimensionally reduced effective field theory and preexisting nonperturbative simulation results. We are able to show that a first-order EWPT in any beyond the Standard Model (BSM) scenario that can be described by a Standard Model-like effective theory at long distances will produce gravitational wave signatures too weak to be observed at existing and planned detectors. This implies that colliders are likely to provide the best chance of exploring the phase structure of such theories, while transitions strong enough to be detected at gravitational wave experiments require either previously neglected higher-dimension operators or light BSM fields to be included in the dimensionally reduced effective theory and therefore necessitate dedicated nonperturbative studies. As a concrete application, we analyze the real singlet-extended Standard Model and identify regions of parameter space with single-step first-order transitions, comparing our findings to those obtained using a fully perturbative method. We discuss the prospects for exploring the electroweak phase diagram in this model at collider and gravitational wave experiments in light of our nonperturbative results.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); Academy of Finland; Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation; Vilho, Yrjö, and Kalle Väisälä Foundation; European Research Council (ERC); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1579391
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1802208
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0011095; PHY-1719642; 308791; 725369; 200020-168988; 286769; PHY-1607611
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review D
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 100 Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
Citation Formats
Gould, Oliver, Kozaczuk, Jonathan, Niemi, Lauri, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I., and Weir, David J. Nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational waves from a first-order electroweak phase transition. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115024.
Gould, Oliver, Kozaczuk, Jonathan, Niemi, Lauri, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I., & Weir, David J. Nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational waves from a first-order electroweak phase transition. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115024
Gould, Oliver, Kozaczuk, Jonathan, Niemi, Lauri, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I., and Weir, David J. Thu .
"Nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational waves from a first-order electroweak phase transition". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115024.
@article{osti_1579391,
title = {Nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational waves from a first-order electroweak phase transition},
author = {Gould, Oliver and Kozaczuk, Jonathan and Niemi, Lauri and Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J. and Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I. and Weir, David J.},
abstractNote = {We present the first end-to-end nonperturbative analysis of the gravitational wave power spectrum from a thermal first-order electroweak phase transition (EWPT), using the framework of dimensionally reduced effective field theory and preexisting nonperturbative simulation results. We are able to show that a first-order EWPT in any beyond the Standard Model (BSM) scenario that can be described by a Standard Model-like effective theory at long distances will produce gravitational wave signatures too weak to be observed at existing and planned detectors. This implies that colliders are likely to provide the best chance of exploring the phase structure of such theories, while transitions strong enough to be detected at gravitational wave experiments require either previously neglected higher-dimension operators or light BSM fields to be included in the dimensionally reduced effective theory and therefore necessitate dedicated nonperturbative studies. As a concrete application, we analyze the real singlet-extended Standard Model and identify regions of parameter space with single-step first-order transitions, comparing our findings to those obtained using a fully perturbative method. We discuss the prospects for exploring the electroweak phase diagram in this model at collider and gravitational wave experiments in light of our nonperturbative results.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115024},
journal = {Physical Review D},
number = 11,
volume = 100,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {12}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.115024
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