Ultra-deep tidal disruption events: prompt self-intersections and observables
Abstract
A star approaching a supermassive black hole (SMBH) can be torn apart in a tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we examine ultra-deep TDEs, a new regime in which the disrupted debris approaches close to the black hole’s Schwarzschild radius, and the leading part intersects the trailing part at the first pericenter passage. We calculate the range of penetration factors β vs SMBH masses M that produce these prompt self-intersections using a Newtonian analytic estimate and a general relativistic (GR) geodesic model. We find that significant self-intersection of Solar-type stars requires β ~ 50 – 127 for M/M⊙ = 104, down to β ~ 5.6 – 5.9 for M/M⊙ = 106. We run smoothed-particle hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations to corroborate our calculations and find close agreement, with a slightly shallower dependence on M. We predict that the shock from the collision emits an X-ray flare lasting t ~ 2 s with L ~ 1047 ergs/s at E ~ 2 keV, and the debris has a prompt accretion episode lasting t ~ several min. The events are rare and occur with a rate $$\dot{N} \lesssim 10^{-7}$$ Mpc–3 yr–1. Ultra-deep TDEs can probe the strong gravity and demographics of low-mass SMBHs.
- Authors:
-
[2];
[4]
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Leicester (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) (United Kingdom)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1577797
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; 1616754; PF6-170170; ST/M005917/1
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 488; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; black hole physics; relativistic processes; stars: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: nuclei; X-rays: bursts
Citation Formats
Darbha, Siva, Coughlin, Eric R., Kasen, Daniel, and Nixon, Chris. Ultra-deep tidal disruption events: prompt self-intersections and observables. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1923.
Darbha, Siva, Coughlin, Eric R., Kasen, Daniel, & Nixon, Chris. Ultra-deep tidal disruption events: prompt self-intersections and observables. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1923
Darbha, Siva, Coughlin, Eric R., Kasen, Daniel, and Nixon, Chris. Fri .
"Ultra-deep tidal disruption events: prompt self-intersections and observables". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1923. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1577797.
@article{osti_1577797,
title = {Ultra-deep tidal disruption events: prompt self-intersections and observables},
author = {Darbha, Siva and Coughlin, Eric R. and Kasen, Daniel and Nixon, Chris},
abstractNote = {A star approaching a supermassive black hole (SMBH) can be torn apart in a tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we examine ultra-deep TDEs, a new regime in which the disrupted debris approaches close to the black hole’s Schwarzschild radius, and the leading part intersects the trailing part at the first pericenter passage. We calculate the range of penetration factors β vs SMBH masses M that produce these prompt self-intersections using a Newtonian analytic estimate and a general relativistic (GR) geodesic model. We find that significant self-intersection of Solar-type stars requires β ~ 50 – 127 for M/M⊙ = 104, down to β ~ 5.6 – 5.9 for M/M⊙ = 106. We run smoothed-particle hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations to corroborate our calculations and find close agreement, with a slightly shallower dependence on M. We predict that the shock from the collision emits an X-ray flare lasting t ~ 2 s with L ~ 1047 ergs/s at E ~ 2 keV, and the debris has a prompt accretion episode lasting t ~ several min. The events are rare and occur with a rate $\dot{N} \lesssim 10^{-7}$ Mpc–3 yr–1. Ultra-deep TDEs can probe the strong gravity and demographics of low-mass SMBHs.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz1923},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 4,
volume = 488,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 11 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: The debris in the equatorial plane (X(2) = 0) for M/M⊙ = 5 x 104, solar-type stars, Ecm = 1, and Lcm = 4.1M, described in terms of a) the coordinates ($\tilde{X}$(1), $\tilde{X}$(3)) and b) the parameters (E,L). The black dashed line shows the curve separating captured (below)more »
All figures and tables
(5 total)
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Tidal disruption of a white dwarf by a black hole: the diversity of nucleosynthesis, explosion energy, and the fate of debris streams
journal, March 2018
- Kawana, Kojiro; Tanikawa, Ataru; Yoshida, Naoki
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 477, Issue 3
Shock breakouts from tidal disruption events
journal, October 2018
- Yalinewich, A.; Guillochon, J.; Sari, R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 3
Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs from Ultra-Close Encounters with Intermediate-Mass Spinning Black Holes
journal, March 2012
- Haas, Roland; Shcherbakov, Roman V.; Bode, Tanja
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 749, Issue 2
Ultra-Close Encounters of Stars with Massive Black Holes: Tidal Disruption Events with Prompt Hyperaccretion
journal, May 2015
- Evans, Christopher; Laguna, Pablo; Eracleous, Michael
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 805, Issue 2
Black hole tidal problem in the Fermi normal coordinates
journal, February 2005
- Ishii, Masaki; Shibata, Masaru; Mino, Yasushi
- Physical Review D, Vol. 71, Issue 4
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations of a deep tidal disruption in general relativity
journal, March 2016
- Sądowski, Aleksander; Tejeda, Emilio; Gafton, Emanuel
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 4
The Swift X-Ray Telescope
journal, October 2005
- Burrows, David N.; Hill, J. E.; Nousek, J. A.
- Space Science Reviews, Vol. 120, Issue 3-4
Finite, intense accretion bursts from tidal disruption of stars on bound orbits
journal, July 2013
- Hayasaki, Kimitake; Stone, Nicholas; Loeb, Abraham
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 434, Issue 2
Tidal Disruption and Ignition of White Dwarfs by Moderately Massive Black Holes
journal, March 2009
- Rosswog, S.; Ramirez-Ruiz, E.; Hix, W. R.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 695, Issue 1
Phantom : A Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics and Magnetohydrodynamics Code for Astrophysics
journal, January 2018
- Price, Daniel J.; Wurster, James; Tricco, Terrence S.
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Vol. 35
The Stream‐Stream Collision after the Tidal Disruption of a Star around a Massive Black Hole
journal, July 1999
- Kim, Sungsoo S.; Park, Myeong‐Gu; Lee, Hyung Mok
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 519, Issue 2
Multiband light curves of tidal disruption events: Tidal disruption events
journal, September 2010
- Lodato, Giuseppe; Rossi, Elena M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 410, Issue 1
Testing the validity of the ray-tracing code GYOTO
journal, June 2016
- Grould, M.; Paumard, T.; Perrin, G.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 591
The distribution and consumption rate of stars around a massive, collapsed object
journal, January 1977
- Lightman, A. P.; Shapiro, S. L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 211
The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
journal, December 2018
- Bellm, Eric C.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Graham, Matthew J.
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 131, Issue 995
Pancake detonation of stars by black holes in galactic nuclei
journal, March 1982
- Carter, B.; Luminet, J. P.
- Nature, Vol. 296, Issue 5854
The stellar cusp around the Milky Way’s central black hole
journal, May 2017
- Schödel, R.; Gallego-Cano, E.; Amaro-Seoane, P.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 840
Tidal Disruption Events: The Role of Stellar Spin
journal, February 2019
- Golightly, Elen C. A.; Coughlin, Eric R.; Nixon, C. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 872, Issue 2
Tidal disruption of a star in the Schwarzschild spacetime: Relativistic effects in the return rate of debris
journal, September 2014
- Cheng, Roseanne M.; Bogdanović, Tamara
- Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 6
The tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole
journal, November 1989
- Evans, Charles R.; Kochanek, Christopher S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 346
Solid-State Slit Camera (SSC) Aboard MAXI
journal, April 2011
- Tomida, Hiroshi; Tsunemi, Hiroshi; Kimura, Masashi
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 63, Issue 2
Tidal squeezing of stars by Schwarzschild black holes
journal, January 1985
- Luminet, J. -P.; Marck, J. -A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 212, Issue 1
The X-Ray Through Optical Fluxes and line Strengths of Tidal Disruption Events
journal, August 2016
- Roth, Nathaniel; Kasen, Daniel; Guillochon, James
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 827, Issue 1
Super-Eddington accretion in tidal disruption events: the impactof realistic fallback rates on accretion rates
journal, April 2018
- Wu, Samantha; Coughlin, Eric R.; Nixon, Chris
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 3
On the Mass and Luminosity Functions of Tidal Disruption Flares: Rate Suppression due to Black Hole Event Horizons
journal, January 2018
- Velzen, S. van
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 2
Supersonic Collisions between Two Gas Streams
journal, June 1996
- Lee, Hyung Mok; Kang, Hyesung; Ryu, Dongsu
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 464
A Theory of the Instability of disk Accretion on to Black Holes and the Variability of Binary X-ray Sources, Galactic Nuclei and Quasars*
journal, June 1976
- Shakura, N. I.; Sunyaev, R. A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 175, Issue 3
Consequences of strong compression in tidal disruption events
journal, September 2013
- Stone, Nicholas; Sari, Re'em; Loeb, Abraham
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 435, Issue 3
The MAXI Mission on the ISS: Science and Instruments for Monitoring All-Sky X-Ray Images
journal, October 2009
- Matsuoka, Masaru; Kawasaki, Kazuyoshi; Ueno, Shiro
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 61, Issue 5
What Sets the Line Profiles in Tidal Disruption Events?
journal, March 2018
- Roth, Nathaniel; Kasen, Daniel
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 1
Insights into tidal disruption of stars from PS1-10jh
journal, October 2015
- Strubbe, Linda E.; Murray, Norman
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 454, Issue 3
Accurate masses and radii of normal stars: modern results and applications
journal, October 2009
- Torres, G.; Andersen, J.; Giménez, A.
- The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, Vol. 18, Issue 1-2
Optical flares from the tidal disruption of stars by massive black holes: Optical signatures of tidally disrupted stars
journal, December 2009
- Strubbe, Linda E.; Quataert, Eliot
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 400, Issue 4
Discovery of a new kind of Explosive X-Ray Transient near m86
journal, November 2013
- Jonker, P. G.; Glennie, A.; Heida, M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 779, Issue 1
Rates of stellar tidal disruption as probes of the supermassive black hole mass function
journal, November 2015
- Stone, Nicholas C.; Metzger, Brian D.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 455, Issue 1
Tidal disruption events from supermassive black hole binaries
journal, November 2016
- Coughlin, Eric R.; Armitage, Philip J.; Nixon, Chris
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 465, Issue 4
Relativistic tidal compressions of a star by a massive black hole
journal, February 2010
- Brassart, M.; Luminet, J. -P.
- Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 511
GYOTO: a new general relativistic ray-tracing code
journal, October 2011
- Vincent, F. H.; Paumard, T.; Gourgoulhon, E.
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 28, Issue 22
The status of DECIGO
journal, May 2017
- Sato, Shuichi; Kawamura, Seiji; Ando, Masaki
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 840
Circularization of tidally disrupted stars around spinning supermassive black holes
journal, June 2016
- Hayasaki, Kimitake; Stone, Nicholas; Loeb, Abraham
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 461, Issue 4
The Japanese space gravitational wave antenna—DECIGO
journal, March 2006
- Kawamura, Seiji; Nakamura, Takashi; Ando, Masaki
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 23, Issue 8
Tidal disruptions by supermassive black holes - Hydrodynamic evolution of stars on a Schwarzschild background
journal, June 1993
- Laguna, Pablo; Miller, Warner A.; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 410
Gravitational interactions of stars with supermassive black hole binaries – I. Tidal disruption events
journal, April 2018
- Darbha, Siva; Coughlin, Eric R.; Kasen, Daniel
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 477, Issue 3
Gravitational Waves from the Collision of Tidally Disrupted Stars with Massive Black Holes
journal, October 2014
- East, William E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 795, Issue 2
Effects of Massive Central Black Holes on Dense Stellar Systems
journal, September 1976
- Frank, J.; Rees, M. J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 176, Issue 3
Tidal disruption event demographics
journal, May 2016
- Kochanek, C. S.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 461, Issue 1
Fermi Normal Coordinates and Some Basic Concepts in Differential Geometry
journal, June 1963
- Manasse, F. K.; Misner, C. W.
- Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 6
A new, faint population of X-ray transients
journal, February 2017
- Bauer, Franz E.; Treister, Ezequiel; Schawinski, Kevin
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 467, Issue 4
Disc formation from tidal disruptions of stars on eccentric orbits by Schwarzschild black holes
journal, November 2015
- Bonnerot, Clément; Rossi, Elena M.; Lodato, Giuseppe
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 455, Issue 2
Relativistic effects in the tidal interaction between a white dwarf and a massive black hole in Fermi normal coordinates
journal, May 2013
- Cheng, Roseanne M.; Evans, Charles R.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 87, Issue 10
Optical Transients from the Unbound Debris of Tidal Disruption
journal, April 2010
- Kasen, Daniel; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 714, Issue 1
An accurate Newtonian description of particle motion around a Schwarzschild black hole
journal, June 2013
- Tejeda, Emilio; Rosswog, Stephan
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 433, Issue 3
The disk accretion of a tidally disrupted star onto a massive black hole
journal, March 1990
- Cannizzo, John K.; Lee, Hyung Mok; Goodman, Jeremy
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 351
The aftermath of tidal disruption: The dynamics of thin gas streams
journal, February 1994
- Kochanek, Christopher S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 422
A fast recursive coordinate bisection tree for neighbour search and gravity: A fast tree for neighbour search and gravity
journal, September 2011
- Gafton, Emanuel; Rosswog, Stephan
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 418, Issue 2
Three-Dimensional Simulations of Tidally Disrupted Solar-Type Stars and the Observational Signatures of Shock Breakout
journal, October 2009
- Guillochon, James; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico; Rosswog, Stephan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 705, Issue 1
Gravitational Waves and X‐Ray Signals from Stellar Disruption by a Massive Black Hole
journal, November 2004
- Kobayashi, Shiho; Laguna, Pablo; Phinney, E. Sterl
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 615, Issue 2
Thawing the frozen-in approximation: implications for self-gravity in deeply plunging tidal disruption events
journal, April 2019
- Steinberg, Elad; Coughlin, Eric R.; Stone, Nicholas C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 485, Issue 1
Advanced LIGO
journal, March 2015
- Aasi, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 32, Issue 7
Prompt tidal disruption of stars as an electromagnetic signature of supermassive black hole coalescence: Tidal disruption of stars after BH recoil
journal, February 2011
- Stone, Nicholas; Loeb, Abraham
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 412, Issue 1
On tidal detonation of stars by massive black holes
journal, October 1983
- Bicknell, G. V.; Gingold, R. A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 273
LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
journal, March 2019
- Ivezić, Željko; Kahn, Steven M.; Tyson, J. Anthony
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 873, Issue 2
Unified treatment of tidal disruption by Schwarzschild black holes
journal, April 2017
- Servin, Juan; Kesden, Michael
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 8
The nature of the central parsec of the Galaxy
journal, November 1982
- Lacy, J. H.; Townes, C. H.; Hollenbach, D. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 262
On the structure of tidally disrupted stellar debris streams
journal, April 2016
- Coughlin, Eric R.; Nixon, Chris; Begelman, Mitchell C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 459, Issue 3
Optical Thermonuclear Transients from Tidal Compression of White Dwarfs as Tracers of the low end of the Massive Black hole mass Function
journal, February 2016
- MacLeod, Morgan; Guillochon, James; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 819, Issue 1
Hydrodynamical Simulations to Determine the Feeding rate of Black Holes by the Tidal Disruption of Stars: the Importance of the Impact Parameter and Stellar Structure
journal, March 2013
- Guillochon, James; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 767, Issue 1
General Relativistic Hydrodynamic Simulation of Accretion flow from a Stellar Tidal Disruption
journal, May 2015
- Shiokawa, Hotaka; Krolik, Julian H.; Cheng, Roseanne M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 804, Issue 2
Shock waves in tidally compressed stars by massive black holes
journal, February 2008
- Brassart, M.; Luminet, J. -P.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 481, Issue 2
Two fast X-ray transients in archival Chandra data
journal, May 2015
- Glennie, A.; Jonker, P. G.; Fender, R. P.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 450, Issue 4
Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves
journal, December 2014
- Moore, C. J.; Cole, R. H.; Berry, C. P. L.
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 32, Issue 1
Chemical enrichment by tidally disrupted stars near a black hole in the Galactic Center
journal, March 1990
- Luminet, J. -P.; Barbuy, B.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 99
Does Explosive Nuclear Burning Occur in Tidal Disruption Events of White Dwarfs by Intermediate-mass Black Holes?
journal, April 2017
- Tanikawa, Ataru; Sato, Yushi; Nomoto, Ken’ichi
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 839, Issue 2
Variability in Tidal Disruption Events: Gravitationally Unstable Streams
journal, July 2015
- Coughlin, Eric R.; Nixon, Chris
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 808, Issue 1
Prompt Radiation and mass Outflows from the Stream–Stream Collisions of Tidal Disruption Events
journal, October 2016
- Jiang (姜燕飞), Yan-Fei; Guillochon, James; Loeb, Abraham
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 830, Issue 2
SPLASH : An Interactive Visualisation Tool for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations
journal, January 2007
- Price, Daniel J.
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Vol. 24, Issue 3
Tidal disruptions by rotating black holes: relativistic hydrodynamics with Newtonian codes
journal, May 2017
- Tejeda, Emilio; Gafton, Emanuel; Rosswog, Stephan
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 469, Issue 4
PS1-10jh: THE DISRUPTION OF A MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR OF NEAR-SOLAR COMPOSITION
journal, February 2014
- Guillochon, James; Manukian, Haik; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 783, Issue 1
NINE-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE ( WMAP ) OBSERVATIONS: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETER RESULTS
journal, September 2013
- Hinshaw, G.; Larson, D.; Komatsu, E.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 208, Issue 2
Hyperaccretion During Tidal Disruption Events: Weakly Bound Debris Envelopes and jets
journal, January 2014
- Coughlin, Eric R.; Begelman, Mitchell C.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 781, Issue 2
Stellar disruption by a supermassive black hole: is the light curve really proportional to t −5/3 ?
journal, January 2009
- Lodato, G.; King, A. R.; Pringle, J. E.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 392, Issue 1
THE SWIFT /BAT HARD X-RAY TRANSIENT MONITOR
journal, October 2013
- Krimm, H. A.; Holland, S. T.; Corbet, R. H. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 209, Issue 1
Relativistic tidal interaction of a white dwarf with a massive black hole
journal, September 1994
- Frolov, V. P.; Khokhlov, A. M.; Novikov, I. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 432
Relativistic Tidal Disruption and Nuclear Ignition of White Dwarf Stars by Intermediate-mass Black Holes
journal, September 2018
- Anninos, Peter; Fragile, P. Chris; Olivier, Samuel S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 865, Issue 1
Tidal disruption of stars by black holes of 106–108 solar masses in nearby galaxies
journal, June 1988
- Rees, Martin J.
- Nature, Vol. 333, Issue 6173
Works referencing / citing this record:
Formation of an Accretion Flow
journal, January 2021
- Bonnerot, C.; Stone, N. C.
- Space Science Reviews, Vol. 217, Issue 1
Figures / Tables found in this record:
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.