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Title: Why matter effects matter for JUNO

Abstract

In this paper we focus on the Earth matter effects for the solar parameter determination by a medium baseline reactor experiment such as JUNO. We derive perturbative expansions for the mixing angles θ12 and θ13 as well as the Δm$$^{2}_{21}$$ and Δm$$^{2}_{31}$$ in terms of the matter potential relevant for JUNO. These expansions, up to second order in the matter potential, while simple, allow one to calculate the electron antineutrino survival probability to a precision much better than needed for the JUNO experiment. We use these perturbative expansions to semi-analytically explain and confirm the shift caused by the matter effects on the solar neutrino mixing parameters θ12 and Δm$$^{2}_{21}$$ which were previously obtained by a purely numerical χ2 analysis. Since these shifts do not satisfy the naive expectations and are significant given the precision that can be achieved by the JUNO experiment, a totally independent cross check using a completely different method is of particular importance. We find that these matter effect shifts do not depend on any of the details of the detector characteristics apart from the baseline and earth mass density between reactor(s) and detector, but do depend on the normalized product of reactor neutrino spectrum times the inverse-beta decay cross-section. The results of this manuscript suggests an alternative analysis method for measuring sin2θ12 and Δm$$^{2}_{21}$$ in JUNO which would be a useful cross check of the standard analysis and for the understanding of the Wolfenstein matter effect. The explanation of these shifts together with a quantitative understanding, using a semi-analytical method, is the principal purpose of this paper.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg (Germany); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
  2. Pontifícia Univ. Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
  3. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant
OSTI Identifier:
1574958
Report Number(s):
arXiv:1910.12900; FERMILAB-PUB-490-T; FERMILAB-PUB-19-490-T
Journal ID: ISSN 0370-2693; oai:inspirehep.net:1762007; TRN: US2100234
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359; 690575; 674896
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics Letters. B
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 803; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0370-2693
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats

Khan, Amir N., Nunokawa, Hiroshi, and Parke, Stephen J. Why matter effects matter for JUNO. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135354.
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Khan, Amir N., Nunokawa, Hiroshi, & Parke, Stephen J. Why matter effects matter for JUNO. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135354
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Khan, Amir N., Nunokawa, Hiroshi, and Parke, Stephen J. Fri . "Why matter effects matter for JUNO". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135354. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1574958.
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@article{osti_1574958,
title = {Why matter effects matter for JUNO},
author = {Khan, Amir N. and Nunokawa, Hiroshi and Parke, Stephen J.},
abstractNote = {In this paper we focus on the Earth matter effects for the solar parameter determination by a medium baseline reactor experiment such as JUNO. We derive perturbative expansions for the mixing angles θ12 and θ13 as well as the Δm$^{2}_{21}$ and Δm$^{2}_{31}$ in terms of the matter potential relevant for JUNO. These expansions, up to second order in the matter potential, while simple, allow one to calculate the electron antineutrino survival probability to a precision much better than needed for the JUNO experiment. We use these perturbative expansions to semi-analytically explain and confirm the shift caused by the matter effects on the solar neutrino mixing parameters θ12 and Δm$^{2}_{21}$ which were previously obtained by a purely numerical χ2 analysis. Since these shifts do not satisfy the naive expectations and are significant given the precision that can be achieved by the JUNO experiment, a totally independent cross check using a completely different method is of particular importance. We find that these matter effect shifts do not depend on any of the details of the detector characteristics apart from the baseline and earth mass density between reactor(s) and detector, but do depend on the normalized product of reactor neutrino spectrum times the inverse-beta decay cross-section. The results of this manuscript suggests an alternative analysis method for measuring sin2θ12 and Δm$^{2}_{21}$ in JUNO which would be a useful cross check of the standard analysis and for the understanding of the Wolfenstein matter effect. The explanation of these shifts together with a quantitative understanding, using a semi-analytical method, is the principal purpose of this paper.},
doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135354},
journal = {Physics Letters. B},
number = C,
volume = 803,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Mar 06 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Fri Mar 06 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135354
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Works referenced in this record:

New results from RENO and prospects with RENO-50
journal, August 2015

Neutrino mass hierarchy and electron neutrino oscillation parameters with one hundred thousand reactor events
journal, January 2014

Neutrino mass hierarchy and precision physics with medium-baseline reactors: Impact of energy-scale and flux-shape uncertainties
journal, November 2015

Terrestrial matter effects on reactor antineutrino oscillations at JUNO or RENO-50: how small is small?
journal, September 2016

The mixing angles in matter for three generations of neutrinos and the MSW mechanism
journal, June 1988

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journal, July 2003

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  • Abrahão, Thamys; Minakata, Hisakazu; Nunokawa, Hiroshi
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  • DOI: 10.1007/jhep11(2015)001

Improved Predictions of Reactor Antineutrino Spectra
text, January 2011

Compact Perturbative Expressions For Neutrino Oscillations in Matter
text, January 2016

Precise quasielastic neutrino/nucleon cross section
text, January 2003

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    • Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 8
    • DOI: 10.1007/jhep08(2020)049

    Mapping reactor neutrino spectra from TAO to JUNO
    journal, September 2020

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