Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Haw, Magnus A.; Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c

Title: Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Abstract

In this work, we present a new model for explaining the three-part structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The model proposes that the cavity in a CME forms because a rising electric current in the core prominence induces an oppositely directed electric current in the background plasma; this eddy current is required to satisfy the frozen-in magnetic flux condition in the background plasma. The magnetic force between the inner-core electric current and the oppositely directed induced eddy current propels the background plasma away from the core, creating a cavity and a density pileup at the cavity edge. The cavity radius saturates when an inward restoring force from magnetic and hydrodynamic pressure in the region outside the cavity edge balances the outward magnetic force. The model is supported by (i) laboratory experiments showing the development of a cavity as a result of the repulsion of an induced reverse current by a rising inner-core flux-rope current, (ii) 3D numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that reproduce the laboratory experiments in quantitative detail, and (iii) an analytic model that describes cavity formation as a result of the plasma containing the induced reverse current being repelled from the inner core. This analytic model offers broad applicabilitymore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[1]

California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-07-31

Research Org.:: California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1574936

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-04ER54755; SC0010471

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 862; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; methods: laboratory: atomic; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments, prominences; Sun: magnetic fields

Citation Formats


                    Haw, Magnus A., Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn, Li, Hui, and Bellan, Paul M. Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c.

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                    Haw, Magnus A., Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn, Li, Hui, & Bellan, Paul M. Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c

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                    Haw, Magnus A., Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn, Li, Hui, and Bellan, Paul M. Tue .  
"Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1574936.

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@article{osti_1574936,

  title        = {Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation},

  author       = {Haw, Magnus A. and Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn and Li, Hui and Bellan, Paul M.},

  abstractNote = {In this work, we present a new model for explaining the three-part structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The model proposes that the cavity in a CME forms because a rising electric current in the core prominence induces an oppositely directed electric current in the background plasma; this eddy current is required to satisfy the frozen-in magnetic flux condition in the background plasma. The magnetic force between the inner-core electric current and the oppositely directed induced eddy current propels the background plasma away from the core, creating a cavity and a density pileup at the cavity edge. The cavity radius saturates when an inward restoring force from magnetic and hydrodynamic pressure in the region outside the cavity edge balances the outward magnetic force. The model is supported by (i) laboratory experiments showing the development of a cavity as a result of the repulsion of an induced reverse current by a rising inner-core flux-rope current, (ii) 3D numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that reproduce the laboratory experiments in quantitative detail, and (iii) an analytic model that describes cavity formation as a result of the plasma containing the induced reverse current being repelled from the inner core. This analytic model offers broad applicability because the predicted cavity widths are relatively independent of both the current injection mechanism and the injection timescale.},

  doi          = {10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c},

  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 862,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {7}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Self-similar Piston-Shock and CME
journal, September 2019

Uralov, A. M.; Grechnev, V. V.; Ivanukin, L. A.
Solar Physics, Vol. 294, Issue 9
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Magnetically Induced Current Piston for Generating Extreme-ultraviolet Fronts in the Solar Corona
journal, April 2019

Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Haw, Magnus A.; Li, Hui
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DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab09f2

On the Nature of the Bright Core of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
journal, September 2019

Song, H. Q.; Zhang, J.; Cheng, X.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab304c

Magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in an Experiment Simulating a Solar Loop
journal, January 2020

Zhang, Yang; Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Bellan, Paul M.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab6b2d

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Title: Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Abstract

Citation Formats

The Coronal Mass Ejection of 1998 April 20: Direct Imaging at Radio Wavelengths journal, September 2001

Coronal Mass Ejections: Models and Their Observational Basis journal, January 2011

CME Theory and Models: Report of Working Group D journal, October 2006

A concentric ellipse multiple-arch system in the solar corona journal, September 1968

Magnetically Driven Flows in Arched Plasma Structures journal, August 2012

The structure of the monochromatic corona in the surroundings of prominences journal, November 1970

Coronal Mass Ejections: Observations journal, January 2012

Physics of erupting solar flux ropes: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs)—Recent advances in theory and observation journal, September 2017

A New Model for Propagating Parts of EIT Waves: A Current Shell in a CME journal, November 2007

On Cylindrical Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves journal, January 1961

Criteria for Scaled Laboratory Simulations of Astrophysical MHD Phenomena journal, April 2000

Observable Properties of the Breakout Model for Coronal Mass Ejections journal, December 2004

The evolution of twisting coronal magnetic flux tubes journal, August 2003

Laboratory demonstration of slow rise to fast acceleration of arched magnetic flux ropes: LABORATORY FLUX ROPES journal, September 2016

Comprehensive Analysis of Coronal mass Ejection mass and Energy Properties over a full Solar Cycle journal, September 2010

Apex Dips of Experimental Flux Ropes: Helix or Cusp? journal, October 2017

CHROMOSPHERE TO 1 au SIMULATION OF THE 2011 MARCH 7th EVENT: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF CORONAL MASS EJECTION PROPAGATION journal, January 2017

The Radio–Coronal Mass Ejection Event on 2001 April 15 journal, May 2007

Three‐dimensional Model of the Structure and Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections journal, March 2002

Three-Dimensional mhd Simulation of the Caltech Plasma jet Experiment: First Results journal, July 2014

Experimental Demonstration of How Strapping Fields Can Inhibit Solar Prominence Eruptions journal, December 2001

Comprehensive Analysis of Coronal Mass Ejection Mass and Energy Properties Over a Full Solar Cycle text, January 2010

Three-Dimensional MHD Simulation of Caltech Plasma Jet Experiment: First Results text, January 2014

Chromosphere to 1 AU Simulation of the 2011 March 7th Event: A Comprehensive Study of Coronal Mass Ejection Propagation text, January 2016

Self-similar Piston-Shock and CME journal, September 2019

Magnetically Induced Current Piston for Generating Extreme-ultraviolet Fronts in the Solar Corona journal, April 2019

On the Nature of the Bright Core of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections journal, September 2019

Magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in an Experiment Simulating a Solar Loop journal, January 2020

The Coronal Mass Ejection of 1998 April 20: Direct Imaging at Radio Wavelengths
journal, September 2001

Coronal Mass Ejections: Models and Their Observational Basis
journal, January 2011

CME Theory and Models: Report of Working Group D
journal, October 2006

A concentric ellipse multiple-arch system in the solar corona
journal, September 1968

Magnetically Driven Flows in Arched Plasma Structures
journal, August 2012

The structure of the monochromatic corona in the surroundings of prominences
journal, November 1970

Coronal Mass Ejections: Observations
journal, January 2012

Physics of erupting solar flux ropes: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs)—Recent advances in theory and observation
journal, September 2017

A New Model for Propagating Parts of EIT Waves: A Current Shell in a CME
journal, November 2007

On Cylindrical Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves
journal, January 1961

Criteria for Scaled Laboratory Simulations of Astrophysical MHD Phenomena
journal, April 2000

Observable Properties of the Breakout Model for Coronal Mass Ejections
journal, December 2004

The evolution of twisting coronal magnetic flux tubes
journal, August 2003

Laboratory demonstration of slow rise to fast acceleration of arched magnetic flux ropes: LABORATORY FLUX ROPES
journal, September 2016

Comprehensive Analysis of Coronal mass Ejection mass and Energy Properties over a full Solar Cycle
journal, September 2010

Apex Dips of Experimental Flux Ropes: Helix or Cusp?
journal, October 2017

CHROMOSPHERE TO 1 au SIMULATION OF THE 2011 MARCH 7th EVENT: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF CORONAL MASS EJECTION PROPAGATION
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The Radio–Coronal Mass Ejection Event on 2001 April 15
journal, May 2007

Three‐dimensional Model of the Structure and Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections
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Three-Dimensional mhd Simulation of the Caltech Plasma jet Experiment: First Results
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Experimental Demonstration of How Strapping Fields Can Inhibit Solar Prominence Eruptions
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