Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Haw, Magnus A.; Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c

Title: Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Journal Article · 30 July 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad33c · OSTI ID:1574936

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[2]

California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); California Institute of Technology
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

In this work, we present a new model for explaining the three-part structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The model proposes that the cavity in a CME forms because a rising electric current in the core prominence induces an oppositely directed electric current in the background plasma; this eddy current is required to satisfy the frozen-in magnetic flux condition in the background plasma. The magnetic force between the inner-core electric current and the oppositely directed induced eddy current propels the background plasma away from the core, creating a cavity and a density pileup at the cavity edge. The cavity radius saturates when an inward restoring force from magnetic and hydrodynamic pressure in the region outside the cavity edge balances the outward magnetic force. The model is supported by (i) laboratory experiments showing the development of a cavity as a result of the repulsion of an induced reverse current by a rising inner-core flux-rope current, (ii) 3D numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that reproduce the laboratory experiments in quantitative detail, and (iii) an analytic model that describes cavity formation as a result of the plasma containing the induced reverse current being repelled from the inner core. This analytic model offers broad applicability because the predicted cavity widths are relatively independent of both the current injection mechanism and the injection timescale.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-04ER54755; SC0010471

OSTI ID:: 1574936

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online), Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online) Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 862; ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (25)

Experimental Demonstration of How Strapping Fields Can Inhibit Solar Prominence Eruptions Hansen, J. Freddy; Bellan, Paul M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 563, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/338736	journal	December 2001
Three-Dimensional mhd Simulation of the Caltech Plasma jet Experiment: First Results Zhai, Xiang; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 791, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/791/1/40	journal	July 2014
Magnetically Driven Flows in Arched Plasma Structures Stenson, E. V.; Bellan, P. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.075001	journal	August 2012
The Coronal Mass Ejection of 1998 April 20: Direct Imaging at Radio Wavelengths Bastian, T. S.; Pick, M.; Kerdraon, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 558, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/323421	journal	September 2001
Three‐dimensional Model of the Structure and Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections Tokman, M.; Bellan, P. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 567, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/338699	journal	March 2002
Chromosphere to 1 AU Simulation of the 2011 March 7th Event: A Comprehensive Study of Coronal Mass Ejection Propagation Jin, M.; Manchester, W. B.; van der Holst, B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1611.08897	text	January 2016
Comprehensive Analysis of Coronal Mass Ejection Mass and Energy Properties Over a Full Solar Cycle Vourlidas, Angelos; Howard, Russ A.; Esfandiari, Ed arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1008.3737	text	January 2010
Coronal Mass Ejections: Models and Their Observational Basis Chen, P. F. Living Reviews in Solar Physics, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.12942/lrsp-2011-1	journal	January 2011
A New Model for Propagating Parts of EIT Waves: A Current Shell in a CME Delannée, C.; Török, T.; Aulanier, G. Solar Physics, Vol. 247, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-007-9085-4	journal	November 2007
Criteria for Scaled Laboratory Simulations of Astrophysical MHD Phenomena Ryutov, D. D.; Drake, R. P.; Remington, B. A. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 127, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/313320	journal	April 2000
CME Theory and Models: Report of Working Group D Forbes, T. G.; Linker, J. A.; Chen, J. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 123, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-006-9019-8	journal	October 2006
Observable Properties of the Breakout Model for Coronal Mass Ejections Lynch, B. J.; Antiochos, S. K.; MacNeice, P. J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 617, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/424564	journal	December 2004
On Cylindrical Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves Greifinger, Carl; Cole, Julian D. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1706358	journal	January 1961
Coronal Mass Ejections: Observations Webb, David F.; Howard, Timothy A. Living Reviews in Solar Physics, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.12942/lrsp-2012-3	journal	January 2012
A concentric ellipse multiple-arch system in the solar corona Saito, Kuniji; Hyder, Charles L. Solar Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00147121	journal	September 1968
Laboratory demonstration of slow rise to fast acceleration of arched magnetic flux ropes: LABORATORY FLUX ROPES Ha, Bao N.; Bellan, Paul M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069744	journal	September 2016
The structure of the monochromatic corona in the surroundings of prominences Waldmeier, M. Solar Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00149483	journal	November 1970
CHROMOSPHERE TO 1 au SIMULATION OF THE 2011 MARCH 7th EVENT: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF CORONAL MASS EJECTION PROPAGATION Jin, M.; Manchester, W. B.; Holst, B. van der The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 834, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/172	journal	January 2017
The Radio–Coronal Mass Ejection Event on 2001 April 15 Maia, Dalmiro Jorge Filipe; Gama, Ricardo; Mercier, Claude The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 660, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/508011	journal	May 2007
Apex Dips of Experimental Flux Ropes: Helix or Cusp? Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Haw, Magnus A.; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8990	journal	October 2017
CME Theory and Models Forbes, T. G.; Linker, J. A.; Chen, J. Space Sciences Series of ISSI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-45088-9_12	book	January 2006
Three-Dimensional MHD Simulation of Caltech Plasma Jet Experiment: First Results Zhai, Xiang; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1407.3498	text	January 2014
Physics of erupting solar flux ropes: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs)—Recent advances in theory and observation Chen, James Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4993929	journal	September 2017
Comprehensive Analysis of Coronal mass Ejection mass and Energy Properties over a full Solar Cycle Vourlidas, A.; Howard, R. A.; Esfandiari, E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 722, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1522	journal	September 2010
The evolution of twisting coronal magnetic flux tubes Török, T.; Kliem, B. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 406, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20030692	journal	August 2003

Cited By (4)

Magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in an Experiment Simulating a Solar Loop Zhang, Yang; Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Bellan, Paul M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab6b2d	journal	January 2020
Self-similar Piston-Shock and CME Uralov, A. M.; Grechnev, V. V.; Ivanukin, L. A. Solar Physics, Vol. 294, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1506-7	journal	September 2019
On the Nature of the Bright Core of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections Song, H. Q.; Zhang, J.; Cheng, X. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab304c	journal	September 2019
Magnetically Induced Current Piston for Generating Extreme-ultraviolet Fronts in the Solar Corona Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Haw, Magnus A.; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab09f2	journal	April 2019

Similar Records

CHALLENGING SOME CONTEMPORARY VIEWS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS. II. THE CASE FOR ABSENT FILAMENTS

Journal Article · 2017 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:22661404

Howard, T. A.; DeForest, C. E.; Schneck, U. G.

OBSERVING FLUX ROPE FORMATION DURING THE IMPULSIVE PHASE OF A SOLAR ERUPTION

Journal Article · 2011 · Astrophysical Journal Letters · OSTI ID:21562693

Cheng, X; Ding, M D; Zhang, J; +1 more

The Three-part Structure of a Filament-unrelated Solar Coronal Mass Ejection

Journal Article · 2017 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:22679772

Song, H. Q.; Chen, Y.; Wang, B.; +5 more

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
methods: laboratory: atomic
Sun: corona
Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs)
Sun: filaments
prominences
Sun: magnetic fields

Title: Reverse Current Model for Coronal Mass Ejection Cavity Formation

Citation Formats

References (25)

Cited By (4)

Similar Records

Related Subjects