Experiments relevant to astrophysical jets

Bellan, P. M.

doi:10.1017/S002237781800079X

Title: Experiments relevant to astrophysical jets

Journal Article · 20 September 2018 · Journal of Plasma Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S002237781800079X · OSTI ID:1574717

^[1]

California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Applied Physics and Materials Science Dept.; California Institute of Technology

This study summarizes the results of an experimental program at Caltech wherein magnetohydrodynamically driven plasma jets are created and diagnosed. The theory modelling these jets, the main experimental results and their relevance to astrophysical jets are presented. The model explains how the jets are driven and why they self-collimate. Characteristic kink and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities are shown to occur and the ramifications of these instabilities are discussed. Extending the experimental results to the astrophysical situation reveals a shortcoming in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) that must be remedied by replacing the ideal MHD Ohm’s law by the generalized Ohm’s law. It is shown that when the generalized Ohm’s law is used and the consequences of weak ionization are taken into account, an accretion disk behaves much like the electrodes, mass source and power supply used in the experiment.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-04ER54755

OSTI ID:: 1574717

Journal Information:: Journal of Plasma Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Plasma Physics Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 84; ISSN 0022-3778

Publisher:: Cambridge University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (54)

Fundamentals of Plasma Physics Bittencourt, J. A. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4030-1	book	January 2004
Observations of magnetic flux compression in jet impact experiments Moser, A. L.; Bellan, P. M. Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 337, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-011-0860-1	journal	September 2011
Magnetic Fields in Astrophysical Jets: From Launch to Termination Pudritz, Ralph E.; Hardcastle, Martin J.; Gabuzda, Denise C. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 169, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9895-z	journal	June 2012
Fundamentals of Plasma Physics Bellan, Paul M. Cambridge University Press https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511807183	book	January 2006
Orbits of magnetized charged particles in parabolic and inverse electrostatic potentials Bellan, P. M. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377816000064	journal	January 2016
Solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling: Neutral atmosphere effects on signal propagation: NEUTRAL EFFECTS ON M-I COUPLING Song, P.; Vasyliūnas, V. M.; Ma, L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 110, Issue A9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JA011139	journal	September 2005
Magnetic reconnection from a multiscale instability cascade Moser, Auna L.; Bellan, Paul M. Nature, Vol. 482, Issue 7385 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10827	journal	February 2012
Scaled laboratory experiments explain the kink behaviour of the Crab Nebula jet Li, C. K.; Tzeferacos, P.; Lamb, D. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13081	journal	October 2016
On the magnetic acceleration and collimation of astrophysical outflows Bogovalov, S.; Tsinganos, K. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 305, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02413.x	journal	May 1999
A class of exact MHD models for astrophysical jets Vlahakis, N.; Tsinganos, K. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 307, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02567.x	journal	August 1999
A laboratory plasma experiment for studying magnetic dynamics of accretion discs and jets Hsu, S. C.; Bellan, P. M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 334, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05422.x	journal	August 2002
On why discs generate magnetic towers and collimate jets Lynden-Bell, D. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 341, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06506.x	journal	June 2003
Magnetohydrodynamic scaling: From astrophysics to the laboratory Ryutov, D. D.; Remington, B. A.; Robey, H. F. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1344562	journal	May 2001
Why current-carrying magnetic flux tubes gobble up plasma and become thin as a result Bellan, P. M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1558275	journal	May 2003
Consideration of the relationship between Kepler and cyclotron dynamics leading to prediction of a nonmagnetohydrodynamic gravity-driven Hamiltonian dynamo Bellan, P. M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2815791	journal	December 2007
Plasma tubes becoming collimated as a result of magnetohydrodynamic pumping Yun, Gunsu S.; Bellan, Paul M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3437075	journal	June 2010
Generation of episodic magnetically driven plasma jets in a radial foil Z-pinch Suzuki-Vidal, Francisco; Lebedev, Sergey V.; Bland, Simon N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3504221	journal	November 2010
Development of a polarization resolved spectroscopic diagnostic for measurements of the vector magnetic field in the Caltech coaxial magnetized plasma jet experiment Shikama, T.; Bellan, P. M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 84, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4793403	journal	February 2013
A hybrid Rayleigh-Taylor-current-driven coupled instability in a magnetohydrodynamically collimated cylindrical plasma with lateral gravity Zhai, Xiang; Bellan, Paul M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943896	journal	March 2016
Extreme ultra-violet burst, particle heating, and whistler wave emission in fast magnetic reconnection induced by kink-driven Rayleigh-Taylor instability Chai, Kil-Byoung; Zhai, Xiang; Bellan, Paul M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4944390	journal	March 2016
Sausage instabilities on top of kinking lengthening current-carrying magnetic flux tubes von der Linden, Jens; You, Setthivoine Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4981231	journal	May 2017
Spatially translatable optical fiber-coupled heterodyne interferometer Seo, Byonghoon; Bellan, Paul M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 88, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5007070	journal	December 2017
Experiments and models of MHD jets and their relevance to astrophysics and solar physics Bellan, Paul M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5009571	journal	May 2018
Physical constraints on the coefficients of Fourier expansions in cylindrical coordinates Lewis, H. Ralph; Bellan, Paul M. Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 31, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.529009	journal	November 1990
On Hydromagnetic Equilibrium Woltjer, L. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.44.9.833	journal	September 1958
Criteria for Scaled Laboratory Simulations of Astrophysical MHD Phenomena Ryutov, D. D.; Drake, R. P.; Remington, B. A. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 127, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/313320	journal	April 2000
An Asymmetric Outflow from the Herbig Ae Star HD 163296 Wassell, E. J.; Grady, C. A.; Woodgate, B. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 650, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/507268	journal	October 2006
Dust‐driven Dynamos in Accretion Disks Bellan, P. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 687, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/591244	journal	November 2008
Three-Dimensional mhd Simulation of the Caltech Plasma jet Experiment: First Results Zhai, Xiang; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 791, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/791/1/40	journal	July 2014
MHD stability of Spheromak Rosenbluth, M. N.; Bussac, M. N. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 19, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/19/4/007	journal	April 1979
The reversed field pinch Bodin, H. A. B. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 30, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/30/9/005	journal	September 1990
Review of spheromak research Jarboe, T. R. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 36, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/36/6/002	journal	June 1994
Production of radiatively cooled hypersonic plasma jets and links to astrophysical jets Lebedev, S. V.; Ciardi, A.; Ampleford, D. J. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 12B https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/47/12B/S33	journal	November 2005
Fundamentals of Plasma Physics Cargill, P. J. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/49/2/b01	journal	January 2007
Integrated accretion disc angular momentum removal and astrophysical jet acceleration mechanism Bellan, P. M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw562	journal	March 2016
Some instabilities of a completely ionized plasma Kruskal, Martin DAvid; Schwarzschild, Martin Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 223, Issue 1154, p. 348-360 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1954.0120	journal	May 1954
The Boltzmann equation an d the one-fluid hydromagnetic equations in the absence of particle collisions Chew, G. F.; Goldberger, M. L.; Low, F. E. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 236, Issue 1204, p. 112-118 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1956.0116	journal	July 1956
The instability of a pinched fluid with a longitudinal magnetic field Kruskal, M.; Tuck, J. L. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 245, Issue 1241, p. 222-237 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1958.0079	journal	June 1958
Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I Dreicer, H. Physical Review, Vol. 115, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.115.238	journal	July 1959
Nonequilibrium Alfvénic Plasma Jets Associated with Spheromak Formation Kumar, Deepak; Bellan, Paul M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.105003	journal	September 2009
Magnetically Driven Flows in Arched Plasma Structures Stenson, E. V.; Bellan, P. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.075001	journal	August 2012
Relaxation of Toroidal Plasma and Generation of Reverse Magnetic Fields Taylor, J. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1139	journal	November 1974
Experimental Identification of the Kink Instability as a Poloidal Flux Amplification Mechanism for Coaxial Gun Spheromak Formation Hsu, S. C.; Bellan, P. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.215002	journal	May 2003
Dynamic and Stagnating Plasma Flow Leading to Magnetic-Flux-Tube Collimation You, S.; Yun, G. S.; Bellan, P. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.045002	journal	July 2005
Energy Efficiency Analysis of the Discharge Circuit of Caltech Spheromak Experiment Kumar, D.; Moser, A. L.; Bellan, P. M. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 38, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2009.2034744	journal	January 2010
Hall magnetohydrodynamics of partially ionized plasmas Pandey, B. P.; Wardle, Mark Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 385, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12998.x	journal	April 2008
Laboratory formation of a scaled protostellar jet by coaligned poloidal magnetic field Albertazzi, B.; Ciardi, A.; Nakatsutsumi, M. Science, Vol. 346, Issue 6207 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259694	journal	October 2014
Fundamentals of Plasma Physics Schmidt, George Nuclear Science and Engineering, Vol. 79, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.13182/nse81-a21396	journal	December 1981
Hall magnetohydrodynamics of partially ionized plasmas Pandey, B. P.; Wardle, Mark arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0707.2688	text	January 2007
Magnetic Fields in Astrophysical Jets: From Launch to Termination Pudritz, R. E.; Hardcastle, M. J.; Gabuzda, D. C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1205.2073	text	January 2012
Three-Dimensional MHD Simulation of Caltech Plasma Jet Experiment: First Results Zhai, Xiang; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1407.3498	text	January 2014
On Why Disks Generate Magnetic Towers and Collimate Jets Lynden-Bell, D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0208388	text	January 2002
A class of exact MHD models for astrophysical jets Vlahakis, N.; Tsinganos, K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9902094	text	January 1999
Why current-carrying magnetic flux tubes gobble up plasma and become thin as a result Bellan, P. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0301037	text	January 2003

Cited By (4)

Sheath oscillations during directional motion of fire tube formation in expanding RF plasma Paul, Manash Kumar; Chakraborty, Shamik Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115077	journal	November 2019
Pulsed vacuum arc plasma source of supersonic metal ion flow Frolova, V. P.; Nikolaev, A. G.; Oks, E. M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5143503	journal	February 2020
Exploring astrophysics-relevant magnetohydrodynamics with pulsed-power laboratory facilities Lebedev, S. V.; Frank, A.; Ryutov, D. D. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.91.025002	journal	April 2019
Analytic Model for the Time-dependent Electromagnetic Field of an Astrophysical Jet Bellan, P. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5f0d	journal	January 2020

Similar Records

3D Numerical Simulation of Kink-driven Rayleigh–Taylor Instability Leading to Fast Magnetic Reconnection

Journal Article · 2020 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online) · OSTI ID:1631735

Wongwaitayakornkul, Pakorn; Li, Hui; Bellan, Paul M.

Experiments and models of MHD jets and their relevance to astrophysics and solar physics

Journal Article · 2018 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:1540139

Bellan, Paul M.

Magnetized and collimated millimeter scale plasma jets with astrophysical relevance

Journal Article · 2012 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:22043561

Brady, Parrish C; Quevedo, Hernan J; Valanju, Prashant M; +2 more

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
astrophysical plasmas
plasma dynamics
plasma flows

Title: Experiments relevant to astrophysical jets

Citation Formats

References (54)

Cited By (4)

Similar Records

Related Subjects