Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy

Marshall, J. L.; Hansen, T.; Simon, J. D.; Li, T. S.; Bernstein, R. A.; Kuehn, K.; Pace, A. B.; DePoy, D. L.; Palmese, A.; Pieres, A.; Strigari, L.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Bechtol, K.; Lidman, C.; Nagasawa, D. Q.; Bertin, E.; Brooks, D.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Burke, D. L.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Kind, M. Carrasco; Carretero, J.; Cunha, C. E.; D’Andrea, C. B.; Costa, L. N.  da; Vicente, J. De; Desai, S.; Doel, P.; Eifler, T. F.; Flaugher, B.; Fosalba, P.; Frieman, J.; García-Bellido, J.; Gaztanaga, E.; Gerdes, D. W.; Gruendl, R. A.; Gschwend, J.; Gutierrez, G.; Hartley, W. G.; Hollowood, D. L.; Honscheid, K.; Hoyle, B.; James, D. J.; Kuropatkin, N.; Maia, M. A.  G.; Menanteau, F.; Miller, C. J.; Miquel, R.; Plazas, A. A.; Sanchez, E.; Santiago, B.; Scarpine, V.; Schubnell, M.; Serrano, S.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Soares-Santos, M.; Suchyta, E.; Swanson, M. E.  C.; Tarle, G.; Wester, W.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3653

Title: Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy

Abstract

We present a chemical abundance analysis of four additional confirmed member stars of Tucana III, a Milky Way satellite galaxy candidate in the process of being tidally disrupted as it is accreted by the Galaxy. Two of these stars are centrally located in the core of the galaxy while the other two stars are located in the eastern and western tidal tails. The four stars have chemical abundance patterns consistent with the one previously studied star in Tucana III: they are moderately enhanced in r-process elements, i.e. they have <[Eu/Fe]>≈+0.4 dex. The non-neutron-capture elements generally follow trends seen in other dwarf galaxies, including a metallicity range of 0.44 dex and the expected trend in α-elements, i.e., the lower metallicity stars have higher Ca and Ti abundance. Overall, the chemical abundance patterns of these stars suggest that Tucana III was an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, and not a globular cluster, before being tidally disturbed. As is the case for the one other galaxy dominated by r-process enhanced stars, Reticulum II, Tucana III's stellar chemical abundances are consistent with pollution from ejecta produced by a binary neutron star merger, although a different r-process element or dilution gas mass is required to explain themore »« less

Authors:

;

; Simon, J. D.; Li, T. S.; Bernstein, R. A.;

;

; DePoy, D. L.;

; Pieres, A.;

;

; Bechtol, K.;

; Nagasawa, D. Q.; Bertin, E.;

; Buckley-Geer, E.; Burke, D. L.; Rosell, A. Carnero more »

Publication Date:: 2019-09-16

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Contributing Org.:: DES Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1573820

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1606733; OSTI ID: 1760472

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-18-651-AE; arXiv:1812.01022; arXiv:1812.01022v2
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; oai:inspirehep.net:1763553; TRN: US2100324

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; SC0019193; AC05-00OR22725; AST-1714873; AST-1138766; AST-1536171

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 882; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Chemical abundances; Chemically peculiar stars; Dwarf galaxies

Citation Formats


                    Marshall, J. L., Hansen, T., Simon, J. D., Li, T. S., Bernstein, R. A., Kuehn, K., Pace, A. B., DePoy, D. L., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Strigari, L., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Lidman, C., Nagasawa, D. Q., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D’Andrea, C. B., Costa, L. N.  da, Vicente, J. De, Desai, S., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A.  G., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E.  C., Tarle, G., and Wester, W. Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3653.

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                    Marshall, J. L., Hansen, T., Simon, J. D., Li, T. S., Bernstein, R. A., Kuehn, K., Pace, A. B., DePoy, D. L., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Strigari, L., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Lidman, C., Nagasawa, D. Q., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D’Andrea, C. B., Costa, L. N.  da, Vicente, J. De, Desai, S., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A.  G., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E.  C., Tarle, G., & Wester, W. Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3653

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                    Marshall, J. L., Hansen, T., Simon, J. D., Li, T. S., Bernstein, R. A., Kuehn, K., Pace, A. B., DePoy, D. L., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Strigari, L., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Lidman, C., Nagasawa, D. Q., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D’Andrea, C. B., Costa, L. N.  da, Vicente, J. De, Desai, S., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A.  G., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E.  C., Tarle, G., and Wester, W. Mon .  
"Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3653.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1573820.

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@article{osti_1573820,

  title        = {Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy},

  author       = {Marshall, J. L. and Hansen, T. and Simon, J. D. and Li, T. S. and Bernstein, R. A. and Kuehn, K. and Pace, A. B. and DePoy, D. L. and Palmese, A. and Pieres, A. and Strigari, L. and Drlica-Wagner, A. and Bechtol, K. and Lidman, C. and Nagasawa, D. Q. and Bertin, E. and Brooks, D. and Buckley-Geer, E. and Burke, D. L. and Rosell, A. Carnero and Kind, M. Carrasco and Carretero, J. and Cunha, C. E. and D’Andrea, C. B. and Costa, L. N.  da and Vicente, J. De and Desai, S. and Doel, P. and Eifler, T. F. and Flaugher, B. and Fosalba, P. and Frieman, J. and García-Bellido, J. and Gaztanaga, E. and Gerdes, D. W. and Gruendl, R. A. and Gschwend, J. and Gutierrez, G. and Hartley, W. G. and Hollowood, D. L. and Honscheid, K. and Hoyle, B. and James, D. J. and Kuropatkin, N. and Maia, M. A.  G. and Menanteau, F. and Miller, C. J. and Miquel, R. and Plazas, A. A. and Sanchez, E. and Santiago, B. and Scarpine, V. and Schubnell, M. and Serrano, S. and Sevilla-Noarbe, I. and Smith, M. and Soares-Santos, M. and Suchyta, E. and Swanson, M. E.  C. and Tarle, G. and Wester, W.},

  abstractNote = {We present a chemical abundance analysis of four additional confirmed member stars of Tucana III, a Milky Way satellite galaxy candidate in the process of being tidally disrupted as it is accreted by the Galaxy. Two of these stars are centrally located in the core of the galaxy while the other two stars are located in the eastern and western tidal tails. The four stars have chemical abundance patterns consistent with the one previously studied star in Tucana III: they are moderately enhanced in r-process elements, i.e. they have <[Eu/Fe]>≈+0.4 dex. The non-neutron-capture elements generally follow trends seen in other dwarf galaxies, including a metallicity range of 0.44 dex and the expected trend in α-elements, i.e., the lower metallicity stars have higher Ca and Ti abundance. Overall, the chemical abundance patterns of these stars suggest that Tucana III was an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, and not a globular cluster, before being tidally disturbed. As is the case for the one other galaxy dominated by r-process enhanced stars, Reticulum II, Tucana III's stellar chemical abundances are consistent with pollution from ejecta produced by a binary neutron star merger, although a different r-process element or dilution gas mass is required to explain the abundances in these two galaxies if a neutron star merger is the sole source of r-process enhancement.},

  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab3653},

  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 882,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {9}

}

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1702.07430

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Photometric Data Set for Cosmology
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arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1708.01531

Early Spectra of the Gravitational Wave Source GW170817: Evolution of a Neutron Star Merger
text, January 2017

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1710.05432

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text, January 2017

Drout, M. R.; Piro, A. L.; Shappee, B. J.
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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1710.05443

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arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1803.01808

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arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1804.07762

Stochastic Chemical Evolution of Galactic Subhalos and the Origin of r-Process Elements
text, January 2018

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1808.03390

Chemical Abundances in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxies Grus I and Triangulum II: Neutron-Capture Elements as a Defining Feature of the Faintest Dwarfs
text, January 2018

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1809.02182

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text, January 2018

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arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1809.09156

Neutron-Capture Elements in the Early Galaxy: Insights from a Large Sample of Metal-Poor Giants
text, January 2000

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0505050

Works referencing / citing this record:

Neutron star binary orbits in their host potential: effect on early r-process enrichment
journal, September 2019

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DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6213

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Title: Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r -process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy

Abstract

Citation Formats

MIKE: A Double Echelle Spectrograph for the Magellan Telescopes at Las Campanas Observatory conference, March 2003

Stellar Kinematics and Metallicities in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum ii journal, July 2015

Digging deeper into the Southern skies: a compact Milky Way companion discovered in first-year Dark Energy Survey data journal, February 2016

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Na-O anticorrelation and horizontal branches: VI. The chemical composition of the peculiar bulge globular cluster NGC 6388 journal, January 2007

The Rise of the s ‐Process in the Galaxy journal, December 2004

Discovery of a Faint Outer halo Milky way star Cluster in the Southern sky journal, April 2015

The Chemical Composition of the Sun journal, September 2009

“Galaxy,” Defined journal, August 2012

The r -process Pattern of a Bright, Highly r -process-enhanced Metal-poor Halo Star at [Fe/H] ∼ −2 journal, February 2018

A Spectroscopic Binary in the Hercules Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy journal, December 2013

Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis journal, October 2017

Simulating neutron star mergers as r-process sources in ultrafaint dwarf galaxies journal, July 2017

Detailed abundance analysis of the brightest star in Segue 2, the least massive galaxy★ journal, April 2014

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Stellar lifetimes and abundance ratios in chemical evolution journal, May 1979

High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Least Evolved Galaxies: BoÖTes ii journal, January 2016

The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database journal, September 2008

Triangulum II. Not Especially Dense After All journal, March 2017

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: The Photometric Data Set for Cosmology journal, April 2018

The R -process Alliance: First Release from the Southern Search for R -process-enhanced Stars in the Galactic Halo journal, May 2018

The Dark Energy Survey view of the Sagittarius stream: discovery of two faint stellar system candidates journal, February 2017

Stochastic Chemical Evolution of Galactic Subhalos and the Origin of r -process Elements journal, September 2018

Gaia Proper Motions and Orbits of the Ultra-faint Milky Way Satellites journal, August 2018

Eight new Milky way Companions Discovered in First-Year dark Energy Survey data journal, June 2015

Ships Passing in the Night: Spectroscopic Analysis of Two Ultra-faint Satellites in the Constellation Carina journal, April 2018

The Highly Unusual Chemical Composition of the Hercules Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy journal, November 2008

The Dark Energy Survey: Data Release 1 journal, November 2018

Mg, Ba and Eu abundances in thick disk and halo stars journal, December 2002

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars journal, October 1957

Chemical Abundances of New Member Stars in the Tucana II Dwarf Galaxy journal, April 2018

Segue 2: the Least Massive Galaxy journal, May 2013

DETAILED CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES IN THE r -PROCESS-RICH ULTRA-FAINT DWARF GALAXY RETICULUM 2 journal, February 2016

An Ultra-Faint Galaxy Candidate Discovered in Early data from the Magellanic Satellites Survey journal, November 2016

Optimal Techniques in Two‐dimensional Spectroscopy: Background Subtraction for the 21st Century journal, June 2003

Europium abundances in F and G disk dwarfs journal, January 2002

Robust velocity dispersion and binary population modelling of the ultrafaint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II journal, June 2019

Chemical Abundance Analysis of Three α -poor, Metal-poor Stars in the Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy Horologium I journal, January 2018

Elemental Abundances and Their Implications for the Chemical Enrichment of the BoÖTes i Ultrafaint Galaxy journal, January 2013

The nitrogen abundance of the very metal-poor star HD 122563. journal, September 1973

The Hamburg/ESO R-process enhanced star survey (HERES): II. Spectroscopic analysis of the survey sample journal, July 2005

R-process enrichment from a single event in an ancient dwarf galaxy journal, March 2016

Boo-1137—An Extremely Metal-Poor star in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy BoÖTes i journal, February 2010

The R -Process Alliance: First Release from the Northern Search for r -process-enhanced Metal-poor Stars in the Galactic Halo journal, November 2018

Segue 1: an Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe journal, April 2014

Horologium ii: a Second Ultra-Faint Milky way Satellite in the Horologium Constellation journal, July 2015

Gemini/GRACES spectroscopy of stars in Tri II journal, December 2016

MAGELLAN /M2FS SPECTROSCOPY OF THE RETICULUM 2 DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY journal, July 2015

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The Origin of r -process Elements in the Milky Way journal, March 2018

Early spectra of the gravitational wave source GW170817: Evolution of a neutron star merger journal, October 2017

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Chemical Diversity in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Tucana ii journal, November 2016

Chemical compositions of six metal-poor stars in the ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxy Boötes I journal, February 2014

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: III. The abundances of NGC 6441 from FLAMES-UVES spectra journal, July 2006

The Abundances of Neutron-Capture Species in the very Metal-Poor Globular Cluster m15: a Uniform Analysis of red Giant Branch and red Horizontal Branch Stars journal, April 2011

Deriving Stellar Effective Temperatures of Metal-Poor Stars with the Excitation Potential Method journal, May 2013

HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF EXTREMELY METAL-POOR STARS IN THE LEAST EVOLVED GALAXIES: URSA MAJOR II and COMA BERENICES journal, December 2009

The First Tidally Disrupted Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy?: A Spectroscopic Analysis of the Tucana III Stream journal, October 2018

Proper Motions of Milky Way Ultra-faint Satellites with Gaia DR2 × DES DR1 journal, April 2019

Beasts of the Southern Wild: Discovery of nine Ultra Faint Satellites in the Vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds journal, May 2015

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger journal, October 2017

A Catalog of Parameters for Globular Clusters in the Milky Way journal, October 1996

An r -process Enhanced Star in the Dwarf Galaxy Tucana III journal, March 2017

A Search for Stars of very low Metal Abundance. vi. Detailed Abundances of 313 Metal-Poor Stars journal, May 2014

The Discovery and Analysis of Very Metal-Poor Stars in the Galaxy journal, September 2005

Chemical Abundances in the Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxies Grus I and Triangulum II: Neutron-capture Elements as a Defining Feature of the Faintest Dwarfs journal, January 2019

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: VIII. Proton-capture elements and metallicities in 17 globular clusters from UVES spectra journal, July 2009

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: IX. Kinematics of the program clusters A link between systemic rotation and HB morphology? journal, January 2012

MAGELLAN/M2FS SPECTROSCOPY of the RETICULUM 2 DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY text, January 2015

The Chemical Evolution of the Bootes i Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy text, January 2016

MIKE: A Double Echelle Spectrograph for the Magellan Telescopes at Las Campanas Observatory
conference, March 2003

Stellar Kinematics and Metallicities in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum ii
journal, July 2015

Digging deeper into the Southern skies: a compact Milky Way companion discovered in first-year Dark Energy Survey data
journal, February 2016

Stellar Streams Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey
journal, July 2018

The Effective Temperature Scale of FGK Stars. II. T _eff : Color : [Fe/H] Calibrations
journal, June 2005

The Chemical Evolution of the BoÖTes i Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy
journal, July 2016

Na-O anticorrelation and horizontal branches: VI. The chemical composition of the peculiar bulge globular cluster NGC 6388
journal, January 2007

The Rise of the s ‐Process in the Galaxy
journal, December 2004

Discovery of a Faint Outer halo Milky way star Cluster in the Southern sky
journal, April 2015

The Chemical Composition of the Sun
journal, September 2009

“Galaxy,” Defined
journal, August 2012

The r -process Pattern of a Bright, Highly r -process-enhanced Metal-poor Halo Star at [Fe/H] ∼ −2
journal, February 2018

A Spectroscopic Binary in the Hercules Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
journal, December 2013

Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis
journal, October 2017

Simulating neutron star mergers as r-process sources in ultrafaint dwarf galaxies
journal, July 2017

Detailed abundance analysis of the brightest star in Segue 2, the least massive galaxy★
journal, April 2014

Eight Ultra-Faint Galaxy Candidates Discovered in year two of the dark Energy Survey
journal, November 2015

Stellar lifetimes and abundance ratios in chemical evolution
journal, May 1979

High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Least Evolved Galaxies: BoÖTes ii
journal, January 2016

The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
journal, September 2008

Triangulum II. Not Especially Dense After All
journal, March 2017

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: The Photometric Data Set for Cosmology
journal, April 2018

The R -process Alliance: First Release from the Southern Search for R -process-enhanced Stars in the Galactic Halo
journal, May 2018

The Dark Energy Survey view of the Sagittarius stream: discovery of two faint stellar system candidates
journal, February 2017

Stochastic Chemical Evolution of Galactic Subhalos and the Origin of r -process Elements
journal, September 2018

Gaia Proper Motions and Orbits of the Ultra-faint Milky Way Satellites
journal, August 2018

Eight new Milky way Companions Discovered in First-Year dark Energy Survey data
journal, June 2015

Ships Passing in the Night: Spectroscopic Analysis of Two Ultra-faint Satellites in the Constellation Carina
journal, April 2018

The Highly Unusual Chemical Composition of the Hercules Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
journal, November 2008

The Dark Energy Survey: Data Release 1
journal, November 2018

Mg, Ba and Eu abundances in thick disk and halo stars
journal, December 2002

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars
journal, October 1957

Chemical Abundances of New Member Stars in the Tucana II Dwarf Galaxy
journal, April 2018

Segue 2: the Least Massive Galaxy
journal, May 2013

DETAILED CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES IN THE r -PROCESS-RICH ULTRA-FAINT DWARF GALAXY RETICULUM 2
journal, February 2016

An Ultra-Faint Galaxy Candidate Discovered in Early data from the Magellanic Satellites Survey
journal, November 2016

Optimal Techniques in Two‐dimensional Spectroscopy: Background Subtraction for the 21st Century
journal, June 2003

Europium abundances in F and G disk dwarfs
journal, January 2002

Robust velocity dispersion and binary population modelling of the ultrafaint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II
journal, June 2019

Chemical Abundance Analysis of Three α -poor, Metal-poor Stars in the Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy Horologium I
journal, January 2018

Elemental Abundances and Their Implications for the Chemical Enrichment of the BoÖTes i Ultrafaint Galaxy
journal, January 2013

The nitrogen abundance of the very metal-poor star HD 122563.
journal, September 1973

The Hamburg/ESO R-process enhanced star survey (HERES): II. Spectroscopic analysis of the survey sample
journal, July 2005

R-process enrichment from a single event in an ancient dwarf galaxy
journal, March 2016

Boo-1137—An Extremely Metal-Poor star in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy BoÖTes i
journal, February 2010

The R -Process Alliance: First Release from the Northern Search for r -process-enhanced Metal-poor Stars in the Galactic Halo
journal, November 2018

Segue 1: an Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe
journal, April 2014

Horologium ii: a Second Ultra-Faint Milky way Satellite in the Horologium Constellation
journal, July 2015

Gemini/GRACES spectroscopy of stars in Tri II
journal, December 2016

MAGELLAN /M2FS SPECTROSCOPY OF THE RETICULUM 2 DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY
journal, July 2015

COMPLETE ELEMENT ABUNDANCES OF NINE STARS IN THE r -PROCESS GALAXY RETICULUM II
journal, October 2016

Nearest Neighbor: The Low-mass Milky Way Satellite Tucana III
journal, March 2017

Neutron‐Capture Elements in the Early Galaxy: Insights from a Large Sample of Metal‐poor Giants
journal, November 2000

High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Least Evolved Galaxies: leo iv
journal, May 2010

Hydra ii: a Faint and Compact Milky way Dwarf Galaxy Found in the Survey of the Magellanic Stellar History
journal, April 2015

The Origin of r -process Elements in the Milky Way
journal, March 2018

Early spectra of the gravitational wave source GW170817: Evolution of a neutron star merger
journal, October 2017

Modelling the Tucana III stream - a close passage with the LMC
journal, September 2018

Chemical Diversity in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Tucana ii
journal, November 2016

Chemical compositions of six metal-poor stars in the ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxy Boötes I
journal, February 2014

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: III. The abundances of NGC 6441 from FLAMES-UVES spectra
journal, July 2006

The Abundances of Neutron-Capture Species in the very Metal-Poor Globular Cluster m15: a Uniform Analysis of red Giant Branch and red Horizontal Branch Stars
journal, April 2011

Deriving Stellar Effective Temperatures of Metal-Poor Stars with the Excitation Potential Method
journal, May 2013

HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF EXTREMELY METAL-POOR STARS IN THE LEAST EVOLVED GALAXIES: URSA MAJOR II and COMA BERENICES
journal, December 2009

The First Tidally Disrupted Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy?: A Spectroscopic Analysis of the Tucana III Stream
journal, October 2018

Proper Motions of Milky Way Ultra-faint Satellites with Gaia DR2 × DES DR1
journal, April 2019

Beasts of the Southern Wild: Discovery of nine Ultra Faint Satellites in the Vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds
journal, May 2015

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
journal, October 2017

A Catalog of Parameters for Globular Clusters in the Milky Way
journal, October 1996

An r -process Enhanced Star in the Dwarf Galaxy Tucana III
journal, March 2017

A Search for Stars of very low Metal Abundance. vi. Detailed Abundances of 313 Metal-Poor Stars
journal, May 2014

The Discovery and Analysis of Very Metal-Poor Stars in the Galaxy
journal, September 2005

Chemical Abundances in the Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxies Grus I and Triangulum II: Neutron-capture Elements as a Defining Feature of the Faintest Dwarfs
journal, January 2019

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: VIII. Proton-capture elements and metallicities in 17 globular clusters from UVES spectra
journal, July 2009

Na-O anticorrelation and HB: IX. Kinematics of the program clusters A link between systemic rotation and HB morphology?
journal, January 2012

MAGELLAN/M2FS SPECTROSCOPY of the RETICULUM 2 DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY
text, January 2015

The Chemical Evolution of the Bootes i Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy
text, January 2016

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
text, January 2017

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Photometric Data Set for Cosmology
text, January 2018

The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
text, January 2008