Characterization of ordering in Fe-6.5%Si alloy using X-ray, TEM, and magnetic TGA methods
Abstract
Fe-6.5wt%Si steel surpasses the current extensively used Fe-3.2wt%Si steel in lower iron loss, higher permeability, and near zero magnetostriction. As a cost effective soft magnetic material, Fe-6.5wt%Si may find applications in motors, transformers, and electronic components. However, the brittleness of the alloy poses processing challenges. The brittleness in Fe-6.5wt%Si is attributed to the formation of ordered phases. Evaluation of the amount of ordered phases is important for the research and development of Fe-6.5wt%Si. This paper aims to find effective ways to evaluate the ordering degree through a comparison of various characterization techniques. In order to tune the ordering degree, various speeds were used to prepare Fe-6.5wt%Si samples via melt spinning. The varying wheel speed changes the cooling rate, which was confirmed by thermal imaging. In addition to the widely used TEM and normal theta-2theta X-ray diffraction methods, two quantitative methods were adopted for this Fe-6.5wt%Si system to study the ordering degree. One method is based on rotating crystal XRD technique, and the other is magnetic thermal analysis technique. Finally, these two methods effectively quantified the varying degree of ordering presented in the samples and were deemed more suitable than the TEM, normal theta-2theta XRD methods for Fe-Si due to theirmore »
- Authors:
-
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States). Division of Materials Science and Engineering; Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept. of Material Science and Engineering
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States). Division of Materials Science and Engineering
- Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept. of Material Science and Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States); Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1573489
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1577375; OSTI ID: 1864012
- Report Number(s):
- IS-J 10071
Journal ID: ISSN 1044-5803; TRN: US2001360
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EE0007794; AC02-07CH11358; AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materials Characterization
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 158; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1044-5803
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; silicon steel; ordering; melt spinning; transmission electron microscopy; magnetic thermal gravimetric analysis; magnetic materials
Citation Formats
Ouyang, Gaoyuan, Jensen, Brandt, Macziewski, Chad R., Ma, Tao, Meng, Fangqiang, Lin, Qishen, Zhou, Lin, Kramer, Matt, and Cui, Jun. Characterization of ordering in Fe-6.5%Si alloy using X-ray, TEM, and magnetic TGA methods. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109973.
Ouyang, Gaoyuan, Jensen, Brandt, Macziewski, Chad R., Ma, Tao, Meng, Fangqiang, Lin, Qishen, Zhou, Lin, Kramer, Matt, & Cui, Jun. Characterization of ordering in Fe-6.5%Si alloy using X-ray, TEM, and magnetic TGA methods. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109973
Ouyang, Gaoyuan, Jensen, Brandt, Macziewski, Chad R., Ma, Tao, Meng, Fangqiang, Lin, Qishen, Zhou, Lin, Kramer, Matt, and Cui, Jun. Wed .
"Characterization of ordering in Fe-6.5%Si alloy using X-ray, TEM, and magnetic TGA methods". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109973. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1573489.
@article{osti_1573489,
title = {Characterization of ordering in Fe-6.5%Si alloy using X-ray, TEM, and magnetic TGA methods},
author = {Ouyang, Gaoyuan and Jensen, Brandt and Macziewski, Chad R. and Ma, Tao and Meng, Fangqiang and Lin, Qishen and Zhou, Lin and Kramer, Matt and Cui, Jun},
abstractNote = {Fe-6.5wt%Si steel surpasses the current extensively used Fe-3.2wt%Si steel in lower iron loss, higher permeability, and near zero magnetostriction. As a cost effective soft magnetic material, Fe-6.5wt%Si may find applications in motors, transformers, and electronic components. However, the brittleness of the alloy poses processing challenges. The brittleness in Fe-6.5wt%Si is attributed to the formation of ordered phases. Evaluation of the amount of ordered phases is important for the research and development of Fe-6.5wt%Si. This paper aims to find effective ways to evaluate the ordering degree through a comparison of various characterization techniques. In order to tune the ordering degree, various speeds were used to prepare Fe-6.5wt%Si samples via melt spinning. The varying wheel speed changes the cooling rate, which was confirmed by thermal imaging. In addition to the widely used TEM and normal theta-2theta X-ray diffraction methods, two quantitative methods were adopted for this Fe-6.5wt%Si system to study the ordering degree. One method is based on rotating crystal XRD technique, and the other is magnetic thermal analysis technique. Finally, these two methods effectively quantified the varying degree of ordering presented in the samples and were deemed more suitable than the TEM, normal theta-2theta XRD methods for Fe-Si due to their ease of sample preparation and short turn-around time.},
doi = {10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109973},
journal = {Materials Characterization},
number = C,
volume = 158,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {10}
}
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journalWeb of Science
Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: (a) Schematic showing the melt spinning set-up and the location of the thermal camera; (b) Schematic showing the experimental set up for the rotating crystal transmission XRD. The $χ$ angle and $\phi$ angle was fixed at 45° and 0° respectively. The $ω$ angle was changed from 0 tomore »