Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Predicting Sensitivity to Initiation in Granular High Explosives
Abstract
Abstract Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (NRUS) is a technique that can measure bulk nonlinear coefficients of the nonlinear elastic modulus for a material. NRUS has been used to identify damage in a variety of granular materials including rocks and concrete. Some energetic materials, such as Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN), are commonly fielded as pressed granular compacts. It is well known that the sensitivity to initiation of these materials is heavily dependent on their microstructure, and that microstructure changes naturally (becomes damaged) over time. In this study, we examine the use of NRUS to identify changes in microstructure between pristine and thermally aged PETN pellets. In particular, we examine the relationship between the bulk hysteretic nonlinearity, α , of the pellets and time spent at temperature, powder specific surface area (SSA), and sensitivity to initiation. We find that, in general, α does not increase uniformly for all pellets within a single thermal aging condition. However, when the pellets are test fired to determine sensitivity to initiation, there is a strong correlation between α and firing voltage threshold. NRUS‐measured α has the added benefit that the measurements can be made in situ and on benchtop scales.
- Authors:
-
- Explosive Science and Shock Physics Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Physics Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1573264
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Journal Volume: 45 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0721-3115
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Country of Publication:
- Germany
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Schulze, Peter, Pittman, Emily, Sjue, Sky, Moore, David S., Feagin, Trevor, and Donahue, Carly. Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Predicting Sensitivity to Initiation in Granular High Explosives. Germany: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1002/prep.201900162.
Schulze, Peter, Pittman, Emily, Sjue, Sky, Moore, David S., Feagin, Trevor, & Donahue, Carly. Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Predicting Sensitivity to Initiation in Granular High Explosives. Germany. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201900162
Schulze, Peter, Pittman, Emily, Sjue, Sky, Moore, David S., Feagin, Trevor, and Donahue, Carly. Wed .
"Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Predicting Sensitivity to Initiation in Granular High Explosives". Germany. https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201900162.
@article{osti_1573264,
title = {Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Predicting Sensitivity to Initiation in Granular High Explosives},
author = {Schulze, Peter and Pittman, Emily and Sjue, Sky and Moore, David S. and Feagin, Trevor and Donahue, Carly},
abstractNote = {Abstract Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (NRUS) is a technique that can measure bulk nonlinear coefficients of the nonlinear elastic modulus for a material. NRUS has been used to identify damage in a variety of granular materials including rocks and concrete. Some energetic materials, such as Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN), are commonly fielded as pressed granular compacts. It is well known that the sensitivity to initiation of these materials is heavily dependent on their microstructure, and that microstructure changes naturally (becomes damaged) over time. In this study, we examine the use of NRUS to identify changes in microstructure between pristine and thermally aged PETN pellets. In particular, we examine the relationship between the bulk hysteretic nonlinearity, α , of the pellets and time spent at temperature, powder specific surface area (SSA), and sensitivity to initiation. We find that, in general, α does not increase uniformly for all pellets within a single thermal aging condition. However, when the pellets are test fired to determine sensitivity to initiation, there is a strong correlation between α and firing voltage threshold. NRUS‐measured α has the added benefit that the measurements can be made in situ and on benchtop scales.},
doi = {10.1002/prep.201900162},
journal = {Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics},
number = 3,
volume = 45,
place = {Germany},
year = {Wed Nov 06 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Wed Nov 06 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201900162
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Universal Slow Dynamics in Granular Solids
journal, July 2000
- TenCate, James A.; Smith, Eric; Guyer, Robert A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 5
Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (NEWS) Techniques to Discern Material Damage, Part II: Single-Mode Nonlinear Resonance Acoustic Spectroscopy
journal, January 2000
- Van Den Abeele, K. E. -A.; Carmeliet, J.; Ten Cate, J. A.
- Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 12, Issue 1
In‐situ Monitoring of Flow‐Permeable Surface Area of High Explosive Powder using Small Sample Masses
journal, February 2015
- Maiti, Amitesh; Han, Yong; Zaka, Fowzia
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 40, Issue 3
Fatigue damage assessment by nonlinear ultrasonic materials characterization
journal, February 1998
- Nagy, Peter B.
- Ultrasonics, Vol. 36, Issue 1-5
Modeling Growth, Surface Kinetics, and Morphology Evolution in PETN
journal, October 2009
- Maiti, Amitesh; Gee, Richard H.
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics
A comparative evaluation of elasticity in pentaerythritol tetranitrate using Brillouin scattering and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
journal, September 2010
- Stevens, Lewis L.; Hooks, Daniel E.; Migliori, Albert
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 108, Issue 5
Propagation of a Finite-Amplitude Elastic Pulse in a Bar of Berea Sandstone: A Detailed Look at the Mechanisms of Classical Nonlinearity, Hysteresis, and Nonequilibrium Dynamics: Nonlinear Propagation of Elastic Pulse
journal, November 2017
- Remillieux, Marcel C.; Ulrich, T. J.; Goodman, Harvey E.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 122, Issue 11
Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy measurement of the elastic constants of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine
journal, September 2005
- Schwarz, R. B.; Hooks, D. E.; Dick, J. J.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, Issue 5
Nonlinear Mesoscopic Elasticity: Evidence for a New Class of Materials
journal, April 1999
- Guyer, Robert A.; Johnson, Paul A.
- Physics Today, Vol. 52, Issue 4
Experimental Investigation of the Acoustic Nonlinear Behavior in Granular Polymer Bonded Explosives with Progressive Fatigue Damage
journal, June 2017
- Yang, Zhanfeng; Tian, Yong; Li, Weibin
- Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Equation of state and wave propagation in hysteretic nonlinear elastic materials
journal, December 1994
- McCall, K. R.; Guyer, R. A.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 99, Issue B12
Nonlinear resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (NRUS) applied to damage assessment in bone
journal, December 2005
- Muller, Marie; Sutin, Alexander; Guyer, Robert
- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 118, Issue 6
Military High Explosives
journal, June 2004
- Mathieu, Jörg; Stucki, Hans
- CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry, Vol. 58, Issue 6
Quantitative linear and nonlinear resonance inspection techniques and analysis for material characterization: Application to concrete thermal damage
journal, August 2014
- Payan, C.; Ulrich, T. J.; Le Bas, P. Y.
- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 136, Issue 2
Fractal Networks of Inter-Granular Voids in Pressed TATB
journal, May 2013
- Mang, Joseph T.; Hjelm, Rex P.
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 38, Issue 6
Industrial explosives - a brief history of their development and use
journal, January 1990
- Meyers, Sydney; Shanley, Edward S.
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 2
Long-term Coarsening and Function-time Evolution of an Initiator Powder
journal, November 2017
- Maiti, Amitesh; Olson, Tammy Y.; Han, T. Yong
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 42, Issue 12
Elasticity of Crystalline Molecular Explosives
journal, April 2015
- Hooks, Daniel E.; Ramos, Kyle J.; Bolme, C. A.
- Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 40, Issue 3
Investigation of parameters on thermally cycled EBW detonators
conference, January 2018
- Brooks, Ty J.; Preston, Daniel N.; Schulze, Peter A.
- SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2017: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, AIP Conference Proceedings
Hysteresis, Discrete Memory, and Nonlinear Wave Propagation in Rock: A New Paradigm
journal, April 1995
- Guyer, R. A.; McCall, K. R.; Boitnott, G. N.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 17
Detecting Damage in Composite Material Using Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy Methods
journal, May 2008
- Meo, Michele; Polimeno, Umberto; Zumpano, Giuseppe
- Applied Composite Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 3
Numerical Simulation of Tsunamis
journal, January 1974
- Mader, Charles L.
- Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol. 4, Issue 1