Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change

Cavicchioli, Ricardo; Ripple, William J.; Timmis, Kenneth N.; Azam, Farooq; Bakken, Lars R.; Baylis, Matthew; Behrenfeld, Michael J.; Boetius, Antje; Boyd, Philip W.; Classen, Aimée T.; Crowther, Thomas W.; Danovaro, Roberto; Foreman, Christine M.; Huisman, Jef; Hutchins, David A.; Jansson, Janet K.; Karl, David M.; Koskella, Britt; Mark Welch, David B.; Martiny, Jennifer B. H.; Moran, Mary Ann; Orphan, Victoria J.; Reay, David S.; Remais, Justin V.; Rich, Virginia I.; Singh, Brajesh K.; Stein, Lisa Y.; Stewart, Frank J.; Sullivan, Matthew B.; van Oppen, Madeleine J. H.; Weaver, Scott C.; Webb, Eric A.; Webster, Nicole S.

doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0222-5

Title: Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change

Abstract

In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support the existence of all higher trophic life forms. To understand how humans and other life forms on Earth (including those we are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic climate change, it is vital to incorporate knowledge of the microbial ‘unseen majority’. We must learn not just how microorganisms affect climate change (including production and consumption of greenhouse gases) but also how they will be affected by climate change and other human activities. This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology. It also puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of microorganisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.

Authors:

^[1]; Ripple, William J. ^[2]; Timmis, Kenneth N. ^[3]; Azam, Farooq ^[4]; Bakken, Lars R. ^[5];

^[6]; Behrenfeld, Michael J. ^[2];

^[7]; Boyd, Philip W. ^[8]; Classen, Aimée T. ^[9]; Crowther, Thomas W. ^[10]; Danovaro, Roberto ^[11];

^[12];

^[13]; Hutchins, David A. ^[14];

^[15];

^[16];

^[17];

^[18]; Martiny, Jennifer B. H. ^[19] more »

The Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney (Australia)
Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
Technical Univ. Braunschweig (Germany)
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
Norwegian Univ. of Life Sciences, Ås (Norway)
Univ. of Liverpool (United Kingdom)
Alfred Wegener Inst., Bremerhaven (Germany); Max Planck Inst. for Marine Microbiology, Bremen (Germany)
Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart (Australia)
Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States)
ETH Zurich (Switzerland)
Polytechnic Univ. of Marche, Ancona (Italy); Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples (Italy)
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands)
Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
Univ. of Edinburgh (United Kingdom)
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Western Sydney Univ., Penrith (Australia)
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
The Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville (Australia); Australian Inst. of Marine Science, Townsville (Australia)
Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX (United States)
Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane (Australia)

Publication Date:: Tue Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1572481

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-143378
Journal ID: ISSN 1740-1526

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Reviews Microbiology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 17; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 1740-1526

Publisher:: Springer Nature

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Cavicchioli, Ricardo, Ripple, William J., Timmis, Kenneth N., Azam, Farooq, Bakken, Lars R., Baylis, Matthew, Behrenfeld, Michael J., Boetius, Antje, Boyd, Philip W., Classen, Aimée T., Crowther, Thomas W., Danovaro, Roberto, Foreman, Christine M., Huisman, Jef, Hutchins, David A., Jansson, Janet K., Karl, David M., Koskella, Britt, Mark Welch, David B., Martiny, Jennifer B. H., Moran, Mary Ann, Orphan, Victoria J., Reay, David S., Remais, Justin V., Rich, Virginia I., Singh, Brajesh K., Stein, Lisa Y., Stewart, Frank J., Sullivan, Matthew B., van Oppen, Madeleine J. H., Weaver, Scott C., Webb, Eric A., and Webster, Nicole S. Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0222-5.

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                    Cavicchioli, Ricardo, Ripple, William J., Timmis, Kenneth N., Azam, Farooq, Bakken, Lars R., Baylis, Matthew, Behrenfeld, Michael J., Boetius, Antje, Boyd, Philip W., Classen, Aimée T., Crowther, Thomas W., Danovaro, Roberto, Foreman, Christine M., Huisman, Jef, Hutchins, David A., Jansson, Janet K., Karl, David M., Koskella, Britt, Mark Welch, David B., Martiny, Jennifer B. H., Moran, Mary Ann, Orphan, Victoria J., Reay, David S., Remais, Justin V., Rich, Virginia I., Singh, Brajesh K., Stein, Lisa Y., Stewart, Frank J., Sullivan, Matthew B., van Oppen, Madeleine J. H., Weaver, Scott C., Webb, Eric A., & Webster, Nicole S. Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0222-5

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                    Cavicchioli, Ricardo, Ripple, William J., Timmis, Kenneth N., Azam, Farooq, Bakken, Lars R., Baylis, Matthew, Behrenfeld, Michael J., Boetius, Antje, Boyd, Philip W., Classen, Aimée T., Crowther, Thomas W., Danovaro, Roberto, Foreman, Christine M., Huisman, Jef, Hutchins, David A., Jansson, Janet K., Karl, David M., Koskella, Britt, Mark Welch, David B., Martiny, Jennifer B. H., Moran, Mary Ann, Orphan, Victoria J., Reay, David S., Remais, Justin V., Rich, Virginia I., Singh, Brajesh K., Stein, Lisa Y., Stewart, Frank J., Sullivan, Matthew B., van Oppen, Madeleine J. H., Weaver, Scott C., Webb, Eric A., and Webster, Nicole S. Tue .  
"Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0222-5.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1572481.

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@article{osti_1572481,

  title        = {Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change},

  author       = {Cavicchioli, Ricardo and Ripple, William J. and Timmis, Kenneth N. and Azam, Farooq and Bakken, Lars R. and Baylis, Matthew and Behrenfeld, Michael J. and Boetius, Antje and Boyd, Philip W. and Classen, Aimée T. and Crowther, Thomas W. and Danovaro, Roberto and Foreman, Christine M. and Huisman, Jef and Hutchins, David A. and Jansson, Janet K. and Karl, David M. and Koskella, Britt and Mark Welch, David B. and Martiny, Jennifer B. H. and Moran, Mary Ann and Orphan, Victoria J. and Reay, David S. and Remais, Justin V. and Rich, Virginia I. and Singh, Brajesh K. and Stein, Lisa Y. and Stewart, Frank J. and Sullivan, Matthew B. and van Oppen, Madeleine J. H. and Weaver, Scott C. and Webb, Eric A. and Webster, Nicole S.},

  abstractNote = {In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support the existence of all higher trophic life forms. To understand how humans and other life forms on Earth (including those we are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic climate change, it is vital to incorporate knowledge of the microbial ‘unseen majority’. We must learn not just how microorganisms affect climate change (including production and consumption of greenhouse gases) but also how they will be affected by climate change and other human activities. This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology. It also puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of microorganisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41579-019-0222-5},

  journal      = {Nature Reviews Microbiology},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 17,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Tue Jun 18 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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https://doi.org/10.2172/989014

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Human‐induced salinity changes impact marine organisms and ecosystems

Journal Article Röthig, Till ; Trevathan‐Tackett, Stacey M. ; Voolstra, Christian R. ; ... - Global Change Biology

Abstract Climate change is fundamentally altering marine and coastal ecosystems on a global scale. While the effects of ocean warming and acidification on ecology and ecosystem functions and services are being comprehensively researched, less attention is directed toward understanding the impacts of human‐driven ocean salinity changes. The global water cycle operates through water fluxes expressed as precipitation, evaporation, and freshwater runoff from land. Changes to these in turn modulate ocean salinity and shape the marine and coastal environment by affecting ocean currents, stratification, oxygen saturation, and sea level rise. Besides the direct impact on ocean physical processes, salinity changes impactmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16859

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Title: Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change

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Impact of regional climate change on human health journal, November 2005

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Marine DNA Viral Macro- and Microdiversity from Pole to Pole journal, May 2019

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Export of Algal Biomass from the Melting Arctic Sea Ice journal, February 2013

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journal, October 2012

The Second Warning to Humanity – Providing a Context for Wetland Management and Policy
journal, July 2018

Feast and famine — microbial life in the deep-sea bed
journal, October 2007

Marine viruses and global climate change
journal, November 2011

Climate-mediated dance of the plankton
journal, September 2014

Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates
journal, March 2015

Constructed wetlands as biofuel production systems
journal, January 2012

The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming
journal, March 2017

Roots and Associated Fungi Drive Long-Term Carbon Sequestration in Boreal Forest
journal, March 2013

Impact of regional climate change on human health
journal, November 2005

Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2
journal, May 2001

Marine DNA Viral Macro- and Microdiversity from Pole to Pole
journal, May 2019

Sources and sinks for N ₂ O, can microbiologist help to mitigate N ₂ O emissions? : Sources and sinks for N
journal, December 2017

Changes in pH at the exterior surface of plankton with ocean acidification
journal, April 2012

Land use alters the resistance and resilience of soil food webs to drought
journal, January 2012

Constructed Wetlands Revisited: Microbial Diversity in the –omics Era
journal, November 2016

Lessons learned from ocean acidification research
journal, December 2014

Higher climatological temperature sensitivity of soil carbon in cold than warm climates
journal, October 2017

Bluetongue risk under future climates
journal, January 2019

A Large and Persistent Carbon Sink in the World's Forests
journal, July 2011

Airborne microbial transport limitation to isolated Antarctic soil habitats
journal, March 2019

Spatial variation of phytoplankton composition, biovolume, and resulting microcystin concentrations in the Nyanza Gulf (Lake Victoria, Kenya)
journal, March 2012

Climate Change and Infectious Diseases: From Evidence to a Predictive Framework
journal, August 2013

Marine microbes in 4D — using time series observation to assess the dynamics of the ocean microbiome and its links to ocean health
journal, June 2018

Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters
journal, January 2018

Thresholds and the resilience of Caribbean coral reefs
journal, November 2007

Microbial structuring of marine ecosystems
journal, October 2007

Soil bacterial networks are less stable under drought than fungal networks
journal, August 2018

Increasing importance of small phytoplankton in a warmer ocean
journal, March 2010

Improving marine disease surveillance through sea temperature monitoring, outlooks and projections
journal, March 2016

CLIMATE: Blooms Like It Hot
journal, April 2008

A vision for a ‘microbcentric’ future
journal, April 2018

Warming-related increases in soil CO2 efflux are explained by increased below-ground carbon flux
journal, July 2014

Globally consistent influences of seasonal precipitation limit grassland biomass response to elevated CO2
journal, February 2019

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) release by phytoplankton in the contemporary and future ocean
journal, January 2014

Growth responses of a green alga to multiple environmental drivers
journal, June 2015

Disease epidemic and a marine heat wave are associated with the continental-scale collapse of a pivotal predator ( Pycnopodia helianthoides )
journal, January 2019

Export of Algal Biomass from the Melting Arctic Sea Ice
journal, February 2013

Reduced feeding activity of soil detritivores under warmer and drier conditions
journal, December 2017

Horse sickness and ENSO in South Africa
journal, February 1999

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journal, May 2015

Insights into global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean
journal, February 2016

Primary Production of the Biosphere: Integrating Terrestrial and Oceanic Components
journal, July 1998

Major role of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in dark ocean carbon fixation
journal, November 2017

Biodiversity losses and conservation responses in the Anthropocene
journal, April 2017

Herbivore-Mediated Linkages Between Aboveground and Belowground Communities
journal, September 2003

Weaker soil carbon–climate feedbacks resulting from microbial and abiotic interactions
journal, November 2014

Forecasting seasonal outbreaks of influenza
journal, November 2012

Microbe-driven turnover offsets mineral-mediated storage of soil carbon under elevated CO2
journal, November 2014

Methane dynamics regulated by microbial community response to permafrost thaw
journal, October 2014

World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice
journal, November 2017

Key ecological responses to nitrogen are altered by climate change
journal, August 2016

Harmful filamentous cyanobacteria favoured by reduced water turnover with lake warming
journal, July 2012

A global inventory of lakes based on high-resolution satellite imagery
journal, September 2014

Plankton networks driving carbon export in the oligotrophic ocean
journal, February 2016

Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems
journal, January 2016

Seafloor oxygen consumption fuelled by methane from cold seeps
journal, August 2013

The Link between Dengue Incidence and El Niño Southern Oscillation
journal, November 2009

Prevalent genome streamlining and latitudinal divergence of planktonic bacteria in the surface ocean
journal, June 2013

Microbial contributions to the persistence of coral reefs
journal, May 2017

Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in the ocean: Revised global estimates, comparison with regional data and relationship to biogenic sedimentation
journal, September 1995

Change in Emiliania huxleyi Virus Assemblage Diversity but Not in Host Genetic Composition during an Ocean Acidification Mesocosm Experiment
journal, March 2017

Climate warming leads to divergent succession of grassland microbial communities
journal, August 2018

Systematic Assessment of the Climate Sensitivity of Important Human and Domestic Animals Pathogens in Europe
journal, August 2017

El Niño and the shifting geography of cholera in Africa
journal, April 2017

Microbial temperature sensitivity and biomass change explain soil carbon loss with warming
journal, September 2018

Elevated CO ₂ enhances nitrogen fixation and growth in the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium
journal, February 2007

A potential loss of carbon associated with greater plant growth in the European Arctic
journal, June 2012

Determinants of community structure in the global plankton interactome
journal, May 2015

Microbial mediation of carbon-cycle feedbacks to climate warming
journal, December 2011

Greenhouse-gas emissions from soils increased by earthworms
journal, February 2013

Toxic algal bloom induced by ocean acidification disrupts the pelagic food web
journal, November 2018

Diversity and Biogeography of Bathyal and Abyssal Seafloor Bacteria
journal, January 2016

Physical and biogeochemical modulation of ocean acidification in the central North Pacific
journal, July 2009

Multi-faceted particle pumps drive carbon sequestration in the ocean
journal, April 2019

Annual boom–bust cycles of polar phytoplankton biomass revealed by space-based lidar
journal, December 2016

Is there a decline in marine phytoplankton?
journal, April 2011

Predicting soil carbon loss with warming
journal, February 2018

Increasing carbon storage in intact African tropical forests
journal, February 2009

Biogeographic partitioning of Southern Ocean microorganisms revealed by metagenomics: Biogeography of Southern Ocean microorganisms
journal, November 2012