Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation
Abstract
Transit through the carbon liquid phase has significant consequences for the subsequent formation of solid nanocarbon detonation products. We report dynamic measurements of liquid carbon condensation and solidification into nano-onions over ~200 ns by analysis of time-resolved, small-angle X-ray scattering data acquired during detonation of a hydrogen-free explosive, DNTF (3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan). Further, thermochemical modeling predicts a direct liquid to solid graphite phase transition for DNTF products ~200 ns post-detonation. Solid detonation products were collected and characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy to confirm the abundance of carbon nano-onions with an average diameter of ~10 nm, matching the dynamic measurements. We analyze other carbon-rich explosives by similar methods to systematically explore different regions of the carbon phase diagram traversed during detonation. Our results suggest a potential pathway to the efficient production of carbon nano-onions, while offering insight into the phase transformation kinetics of liquid carbon under extreme pressures and temperatures.
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- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Washington State Univ., Argonne, IL (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Inst. for Shock Physics; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). The Molecular Foundry (TMF); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation R&D (NA-22); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Lawrence Fellowship
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1571760
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1574178; OSTI ID: 1580910; OSTI ID: 1604017
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-755497; LA-UR-20-21965
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723; TRN: US2001398
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NA0002442; AC02-05CH11231; AC52-07NA27344; AC02-06CH11357; 89233218CNA000001
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; Materials science, Physics - Condensed matter physics, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Chemistry - Chemical explosives; Reaction kinetics and dynamics; Nanoscale materials
Citation Formats
Bagge-Hansen, M., Bastea, S., Hammons, J. A., Nielsen, M. H., Lauderbach, L. M., Hodgin, R. L., Pagoria, P., May, C., Aloni, S., Jones, A., Shaw, W. L., Bukovsky, E. V., Sinclair, N., Gustavsen, Richard L., Watkins, Erik Benjamin, Jensen, Brian J., Dattelbaum, Dana McGraw, Firestone, Millicent Anne, Huber, Rachel Colleen, Ringstrand, Bryan Scott, Lee, J. R. I., van Buuren, T., Fried, L. E., and Willey, T. M. Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11666-z.
Bagge-Hansen, M., Bastea, S., Hammons, J. A., Nielsen, M. H., Lauderbach, L. M., Hodgin, R. L., Pagoria, P., May, C., Aloni, S., Jones, A., Shaw, W. L., Bukovsky, E. V., Sinclair, N., Gustavsen, Richard L., Watkins, Erik Benjamin, Jensen, Brian J., Dattelbaum, Dana McGraw, Firestone, Millicent Anne, Huber, Rachel Colleen, Ringstrand, Bryan Scott, Lee, J. R. I., van Buuren, T., Fried, L. E., & Willey, T. M. Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation. United States. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11666-z.
Bagge-Hansen, M., Bastea, S., Hammons, J. A., Nielsen, M. H., Lauderbach, L. M., Hodgin, R. L., Pagoria, P., May, C., Aloni, S., Jones, A., Shaw, W. L., Bukovsky, E. V., Sinclair, N., Gustavsen, Richard L., Watkins, Erik Benjamin, Jensen, Brian J., Dattelbaum, Dana McGraw, Firestone, Millicent Anne, Huber, Rachel Colleen, Ringstrand, Bryan Scott, Lee, J. R. I., van Buuren, T., Fried, L. E., and Willey, T. M. Fri .
"Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation". United States. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11666-z. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1571760.
@article{osti_1571760,
title = {Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation},
author = {Bagge-Hansen, M. and Bastea, S. and Hammons, J. A. and Nielsen, M. H. and Lauderbach, L. M. and Hodgin, R. L. and Pagoria, P. and May, C. and Aloni, S. and Jones, A. and Shaw, W. L. and Bukovsky, E. V. and Sinclair, N. and Gustavsen, Richard L. and Watkins, Erik Benjamin and Jensen, Brian J. and Dattelbaum, Dana McGraw and Firestone, Millicent Anne and Huber, Rachel Colleen and Ringstrand, Bryan Scott and Lee, J. R. I. and van Buuren, T. and Fried, L. E. and Willey, T. M.},
abstractNote = {Transit through the carbon liquid phase has significant consequences for the subsequent formation of solid nanocarbon detonation products. We report dynamic measurements of liquid carbon condensation and solidification into nano-onions over ~200 ns by analysis of time-resolved, small-angle X-ray scattering data acquired during detonation of a hydrogen-free explosive, DNTF (3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan). Further, thermochemical modeling predicts a direct liquid to solid graphite phase transition for DNTF products ~200 ns post-detonation. Solid detonation products were collected and characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy to confirm the abundance of carbon nano-onions with an average diameter of ~10 nm, matching the dynamic measurements. We analyze other carbon-rich explosives by similar methods to systematically explore different regions of the carbon phase diagram traversed during detonation. Our results suggest a potential pathway to the efficient production of carbon nano-onions, while offering insight into the phase transformation kinetics of liquid carbon under extreme pressures and temperatures.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-11666-z},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {8}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
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