Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd

Li, Yufan; Xu, Xiaoying; Lee, M. -H.; Chu, M. -W.; Chien, C. L.

doi:10.1126/science.aau6539

Title: Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi ₂ Pd

Abstract

Magnetic flux quantization is one of the defining properties of a superconductor. We report the observation of half-integer magnetic flux quantization in mesoscopic rings of superconducting β-Bi ₂ Pd thin films. The half-quantum fluxoid manifests itself as a π phase shift in the quantum oscillation of the superconducting critical temperature. This result verifies unconventional superconductivity of β-Bi ₂ Pd and is consistent with a spin-triplet pairing symmetry. Our findings may have implications for flux quantum bits in the context of quantum computing.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Lee, M. -H. ^[2]; Chu, M. -W. ^[2];

^[3]

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Center for Condensed Matter Sciences and Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA., Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11519, Taiwan., Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.

Publication Date:: 2019-10-10

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1570502

Grant/Contract Number:: DESC0009390; No. SC0012670

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Science Journal Volume: 366 Journal Issue: 6462; Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Li, Yufan, Xu, Xiaoying, Lee, M. -H., Chu, M. -W., and Chien, C. L. Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1126/science.aau6539.

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                    Li, Yufan, Xu, Xiaoying, Lee, M. -H., Chu, M. -W., & Chien, C. L. Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau6539

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                    Li, Yufan, Xu, Xiaoying, Lee, M. -H., Chu, M. -W., and Chien, C. L. Thu .  
"Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau6539.

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@article{osti_1570502,

  title        = {Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd},

  author       = {Li, Yufan and Xu, Xiaoying and Lee, M. -H. and Chu, M. -W. and Chien, C. L.},

  abstractNote = {Magnetic flux quantization is one of the defining properties of a superconductor. We report the observation of half-integer magnetic flux quantization in mesoscopic rings of superconducting β-Bi 2 Pd thin films. The half-quantum fluxoid manifests itself as a π phase shift in the quantum oscillation of the superconducting critical temperature. This result verifies unconventional superconductivity of β-Bi 2 Pd and is consistent with a spin-triplet pairing symmetry. Our findings may have implications for flux quantum bits in the context of quantum computing.},

  doi          = {10.1126/science.aau6539},

  journal      = {Science},

  number       = 6462,

  volume       = 366,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {10}

}

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Title: Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd

Abstract

Citation Formats

Experimental determination of the superconducting pairing state in YBCO from the phase coherence of YBCO-Pb dc SQUIDs journal, September 1993

Superconducting quantum bits journal, June 2008

Experimental Proof of Magnetic Flux Quantization in a Superconducting Ring journal, July 1961

Paramagnetic Effect in High T c Superconductors -A Hint for d -Wave Superconductivity journal, December 1992

Stability of Half-Quantum Vortices in p x + i p y Superconductors journal, November 2007

Unconventional quantum oscillations in mesoscopic rings of spin-triplet superconductor Sr 2 RuO 4 journal, February 2013

Single-gap superconductivity in β − B i 2 Pd journal, April 2016

Effect of sample topology on the critical fields of mesoscopic superconductors journal, January 1995

Effect of Fluxoid Quantization on Transitions of Superconducting Films journal, March 1963

Integer and half-integer flux-quantum transitions in a niobium–iron pnictide loop journal, February 2010

Observation of Quantum Periodicity in the Transition Temperature of a Superconducting Cylinder journal, July 1962

Chiral superconductors journal, April 2016

Experimental signature of topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes on β-Bi 2 Pd thin films journal, June 2017

Consequences of Fluxoid Quantization in the Transitions of Superconducting Films journal, January 1964

New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems journal, June 2012

Evidence for d x 2 − y 2 Pairing from the Magnetic Field Modulation of Y Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 -Pb Josephson Junctions journal, January 1995

Observation of Half-Height Magnetization Steps in Sr2RuO4 journal, January 2011

Topologically protected surface states in a centrosymmetric superconductor β-PdBi2 journal, October 2015

Fluxoid Quantization in a Multiply-Connected Superconductor journal, January 1964

Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires journal, October 2001

Absence of Andreev bound states in β − PdBi 2 probed by point-contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy journal, July 2016

Temperature Dependence of the Half-Integer Magnetic Flux Quantum journal, August 1999

Theoretical Considerations Concerning Quantized Magnetic Flux in Superconducting Cylinders journal, July 1961

Pairing Symmetry and Flux Quantization in a Tricrystal Superconducting Ring of Y Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 − δ journal, July 1994

Symmetry of the order parameter in the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7- δ journal, January 1995

Odd-Parity Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 journal, November 2004

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect journal, April 2000

Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator journal, March 2008

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor journal, March 2018

Little-Parks oscillations with half-quantum fluxoid features in Sr 2 RuO 4 microrings journal, November 2017

Superconductivity at 5.4 K in β-Bi 2 Pd journal, November 2012

Quantum Superposition of Macroscopic Persistent-Current States journal, October 2000

Experimental Evidence for Quantized Flux in Superconducting Cylinders journal, July 1961

Magnetic field dependence of the density of states in the multiband superconductor β − Bi 2 Pd journal, August 2015

Little-Parks oscillations of T c in patterned microstructures of the oxide superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 : Experimental limits on fractional-statistics-particle theories journal, February 1990

Even odder after twenty-three years: the superconducting order parameter puzzle of Sr2RuO4 journal, July 2017

Design and realization of an all d -wave dc π-superconducting quantum interference device journal, February 2000

Vortices with half magnetic flux quanta in ‘‘heavy-fermion’’ superconductors journal, July 1987

Topological superconductors: a review journal, May 2017

Full-gap superconductivity in spin-polarised surface states of topological semimetal β-PdBi2 journal, October 2017

Large oscillations of the magnetoresistance in nanopatterned high-temperature superconducting films journal, June 2010

Title: Observation of half-quantum flux in the unconventional superconductor β-Bi ₂ Pd

Experimental determination of the superconducting pairing state in YBCO from the phase coherence of YBCO-Pb dc SQUIDs
journal, September 1993

Superconducting quantum bits
journal, June 2008

Experimental Proof of Magnetic Flux Quantization in a Superconducting Ring
journal, July 1961

Paramagnetic Effect in High T _c Superconductors -A Hint for d -Wave Superconductivity
journal, December 1992

Stability of Half-Quantum Vortices in $p_{x} + i p_{y}$ Superconductors
journal, November 2007

Unconventional quantum oscillations in mesoscopic rings of spin-triplet superconductor Sr $_{2}$ RuO $_{4}$
journal, February 2013

Single-gap superconductivity in $β − B i_{2} Pd$
journal, April 2016

Effect of sample topology on the critical fields of mesoscopic superconductors
journal, January 1995

Effect of Fluxoid Quantization on Transitions of Superconducting Films
journal, March 1963

Integer and half-integer flux-quantum transitions in a niobium–iron pnictide loop
journal, February 2010

Observation of Quantum Periodicity in the Transition Temperature of a Superconducting Cylinder
journal, July 1962

Chiral superconductors
journal, April 2016

Experimental signature of topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes on β-Bi 2 Pd thin films
journal, June 2017

Consequences of Fluxoid Quantization in the Transitions of Superconducting Films
journal, January 1964

New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems
journal, June 2012

Evidence for $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ Pairing from the Magnetic Field Modulation of Y ${Ba}_{2}$ ${Cu}_{3}$ $O_{7}$ -Pb Josephson Junctions
journal, January 1995

Observation of Half-Height Magnetization Steps in Sr2RuO4
journal, January 2011

Topologically protected surface states in a centrosymmetric superconductor β-PdBi2
journal, October 2015

Fluxoid Quantization in a Multiply-Connected Superconductor
journal, January 1964

Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires
journal, October 2001

Absence of Andreev bound states in $β − {PdBi}_{2}$ probed by point-contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy
journal, July 2016

Temperature Dependence of the Half-Integer Magnetic Flux Quantum
journal, August 1999

Theoretical Considerations Concerning Quantized Magnetic Flux in Superconducting Cylinders
journal, July 1961

Pairing Symmetry and Flux Quantization in a Tricrystal Superconducting Ring of $Y {Ba}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{7 - δ}$
journal, July 1994

Symmetry of the order parameter in the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7- δ
journal, January 1995

Odd-Parity Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4
journal, November 2004

Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect
journal, April 2000

Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator
journal, March 2008

Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor
journal, March 2018

Little-Parks oscillations with half-quantum fluxoid features in ${Sr}_{2} {RuO}_{4}$ microrings
journal, November 2017

Superconductivity at 5.4 K in β-Bi ₂ Pd
journal, November 2012

Quantum Superposition of Macroscopic Persistent-Current States
journal, October 2000

Experimental Evidence for Quantized Flux in Superconducting Cylinders
journal, July 1961

Magnetic field dependence of the density of states in the multiband superconductor $β - {Bi}_{2} Pd$
journal, August 2015

Little-Parks oscillations of $T_{c}$ in patterned microstructures of the oxide superconductor ${YBa}_{2}$ ${Cu}_{3}$ $O_{7}$ : Experimental limits on fractional-statistics-particle theories
journal, February 1990

Even odder after twenty-three years: the superconducting order parameter puzzle of Sr2RuO4
journal, July 2017

Design and realization of an all d -wave dc π-superconducting quantum interference device
journal, February 2000

Vortices with half magnetic flux quanta in ‘‘heavy-fermion’’ superconductors
journal, July 1987

Topological superconductors: a review
journal, May 2017

Full-gap superconductivity in spin-polarised surface states of topological semimetal β-PdBi2
journal, October 2017

Large oscillations of the magnetoresistance in nanopatterned high-temperature superconducting films
journal, June 2010