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Title: Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST

Journal Article · · Nuclear Fusion
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [4]
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei (China)
  4. Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

In this paper, we report on disruption prediction using a shallow machinelearning method known as Random Forests, trained on large databases containingonly plasma parameters that are available in real-time on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST. The database for each tokamak contains parameters sampled ~106 times throughout ~104 discharges (disruptive and non-disruptive) over the last 4years of operation. It is found that a number of parameters (e.g.Prad/Pinput,li,n/nG,Bn=1/B0) exhibit changes in aggregate as a disruption is approached on one ormore of these tokamaks. However, for each machine, the most useful parameters,as well as the details of their precursor behaviors, are markedly different. When the prediction problem is framed using a binary classification scheme to discriminate between time slices "close to disruption" and "far from disruption," it is found that the prediction algorithms differ substantially in performance among the three machines ona time slice-by-time slice basis, but have similar disruption detection rates (~80-90%) on a shot-by-shot basis after appropriate optimisation. This could have important implications for disruption prediction and avoidance on ITER, for which developmentof a training database of disruptions may be infeasible. The algorithm's output is interpretable using a method that identifies the most strongly contributing inputsignals, which may have implications for avoiding disruptive scenarios. Lastly, to further support its real-time capability, successful applications in inter-shot and real-time environments on EAST and DIII-D are also discussed.

Research Organization:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
Grant/Contract Number:
FC02-04ER54698; FC02-99ER54512; SC0014264; SC0010720; SC0010492
OSTI ID:
1569035
Journal Information:
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 9; ISSN 0029-5515
Publisher:
IOP ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 56 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (21)

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Cited By (5)

An application of survival analysis to disruption prediction via Random Forests journal August 2019
A real-time machine learning-based disruption predictor in DIII-D journal July 2019
A machine learning approach based on generative topographic mapping for disruption prevention and avoidance at JET journal August 2019
27th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference: summary of sessions EX/C, EX/S and PPC journal January 2020
An application of survival analysis to disruption prediction via Random Forests text January 2019

Figures / Tables (12)

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