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Title: ThMn12-Type Alloys for Permanent Magnets

Abstract

Iron-rich compounds with the tetragonal ThMn12-type structure have the potential to meet current demands for rare-earth-lean permanent magnets with high energy density and operating temperatures of 150–200 °C. However, while it is normal for magnet technology to lag behind the development of underlying magnetic material, this gap has always been unusually large for ThMn12-type magnets. The gap has widened further in recent years, as excellent combinations of intrinsic magnetic properties have been obtained in compounds synthesized with a smaller amount of structure-stabilizing elements (e.g., SmFe11V or Sm0.8Zr0.2Fe9.2Co2.3Ti0.5) or with no such elements (i.e., SmFe9.6Co2.4 thin films). The search for promising compounds continues—with increasing help coming from theoretical calculations. Unfortunately, progress in the development of magnets beyond polymer-bonded interstitially modified powders remains marginal. The introduction of lanthanum (La) was found to stabilize low-melting-temperature minority phases in Sm(Fe,Ti)12 alloys, thus allowing for liquid-phase sintering for the first time. The high reactivity of La, however, has apparently undermined the development of coercivity (Hc). A controlled crystallization of the initially suppressed ThMn12-type phase makes “bulk” magnetic hardening possible, not only in Sm–Fe–V alloys (in which it has been known since the 1990s), but also is in La-added (Ce,Sm)(Fe,Ti)12 alloys. The properties of the bulk-hardenedmore » alloys, however, remain unsatisfactory. Mechanochemically synthesized (Sm,Zr)(Fe,Si)12 and (Sm,Zr)(Fe,Co,Ti)12 powders may become suitable for sintering into powerful fully dense magnets, although not before a higher degree of anisotropy in both alloys and a higher Hc in the latter alloy have been developed.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1567974
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1800711
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG02-90ER45413
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Engineering
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Engineering Journal Volume: 6 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2095-8099
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
China
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; permanent magnets; rare earths permanent magnets; ThMn12 structure

Citation Formats

Hadjipanayis, G. C., Gabay, A. M., Schönhöbel, A. M., Martín-Cid, A., Barandiaran, J. M., and Niarchos, D. ThMn12-Type Alloys for Permanent Magnets. China: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011.
Hadjipanayis, G. C., Gabay, A. M., Schönhöbel, A. M., Martín-Cid, A., Barandiaran, J. M., & Niarchos, D. ThMn12-Type Alloys for Permanent Magnets. China. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011
Hadjipanayis, G. C., Gabay, A. M., Schönhöbel, A. M., Martín-Cid, A., Barandiaran, J. M., and Niarchos, D. Sat . "ThMn12-Type Alloys for Permanent Magnets". China. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011.
@article{osti_1567974,
title = {ThMn12-Type Alloys for Permanent Magnets},
author = {Hadjipanayis, G. C. and Gabay, A. M. and Schönhöbel, A. M. and Martín-Cid, A. and Barandiaran, J. M. and Niarchos, D.},
abstractNote = {Iron-rich compounds with the tetragonal ThMn12-type structure have the potential to meet current demands for rare-earth-lean permanent magnets with high energy density and operating temperatures of 150–200 °C. However, while it is normal for magnet technology to lag behind the development of underlying magnetic material, this gap has always been unusually large for ThMn12-type magnets. The gap has widened further in recent years, as excellent combinations of intrinsic magnetic properties have been obtained in compounds synthesized with a smaller amount of structure-stabilizing elements (e.g., SmFe11V or Sm0.8Zr0.2Fe9.2Co2.3Ti0.5) or with no such elements (i.e., SmFe9.6Co2.4 thin films). The search for promising compounds continues—with increasing help coming from theoretical calculations. Unfortunately, progress in the development of magnets beyond polymer-bonded interstitially modified powders remains marginal. The introduction of lanthanum (La) was found to stabilize low-melting-temperature minority phases in Sm(Fe,Ti)12 alloys, thus allowing for liquid-phase sintering for the first time. The high reactivity of La, however, has apparently undermined the development of coercivity (Hc). A controlled crystallization of the initially suppressed ThMn12-type phase makes “bulk” magnetic hardening possible, not only in Sm–Fe–V alloys (in which it has been known since the 1990s), but also is in La-added (Ce,Sm)(Fe,Ti)12 alloys. The properties of the bulk-hardened alloys, however, remain unsatisfactory. Mechanochemically synthesized (Sm,Zr)(Fe,Si)12 and (Sm,Zr)(Fe,Co,Ti)12 powders may become suitable for sintering into powerful fully dense magnets, although not before a higher degree of anisotropy in both alloys and a higher Hc in the latter alloy have been developed.},
doi = {10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011},
journal = {Engineering},
number = 2,
volume = 6,
place = {China},
year = {Sat Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Sat Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}

Journal Article:
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011

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