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Title: Effect of engine conditions and injection timing on piston-top fuel films for stratified direct-injection spark-ignition operation using E30

Journal Article · · International Journal of Engine Research
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [1]
  1. Fachgebiet Reaktive Strömungen und Messtechnik (RSM), Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  2. Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA
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Mid-level ethanol/gasoline blends can provide knock resistance benefits for stoichiometric spark-ignition engine operation, but previous studies have identified challenges associated with spray impingement and wall wetting, leading to excessive particulate matter emissions. At the same time, stratified-charge spark-ignition operation can provide increased thermal efficiency, but care has to be exercised to avoid excessive in-cylinder soot formation. In support of the use of mid-level ethanol/gasoline blends in advanced spark-ignition engines, this study presents spray and fuel-film measurements in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine operated with a 30 vol.%/70 vol.% ethanol/gasoline blend (E30). Crank-angle resolved fuel-film measurements at the piston surface are conducted using two different implementations of the refractive index matching technique. A small-angle refractive index matching implementation allows quantification of the wetted area, while a large-angle refractive index matching implementation enables semi-quantitative measurements of fuel-film thickness and volume, in addition to fuel-film area. The fuel-film measurements show that both the amount of fuel deposited on the piston and the shape of the fuel-film patterns are strongly influenced by the injection timing, duration, intake pressure, and coolant temperature. For combinations of high in-cylinder gas density and long injection duration, merging of the individual spray plumes, commonly referred to as spray collapse, can cause a dramatic change to the shape and thickness of the wall fuel films. Overall, the study provides guidance to engine designers aiming at minimizing wall wetting through tailored combinations of injection timings and durations.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
OSTI ID:
1566207
Journal Information:
International Journal of Engine Research, Journal Name: International Journal of Engine Research Vol. 21 Journal Issue: 2; ISSN 1468-0874
Publisher:
SAGE PublicationsCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

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conference October 2016
Measurement of Diesel Spray Impingement and Fuel Film Characteristics Using Refractive Index Matching Method conference April 2007

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