Interactive Buildings: A Review

doi:10.3390/su11143988

Title: Interactive Buildings: A Review

Abstract

Buildings are widely regarded as potential sources for demand flexibility. The flexibility of thermal and electric load in buildings is a result of their interactive nature and its impact on the building’s performance. In this paper, the interaction of a building with the three interaction counterparts of the physical environment, civil infrastructure networks and other buildings is investigated. The literature review presents a wide variety of pathways of interaction and their associated potential impacts on building performance metrics such as net energy use, emissions, occupant comfort and operational cost. It is demonstrated that all of these counterparts of interaction should be considered to harness the flexibility potential of the buildings while maintaining other buildings performance metrics at a desired level. Juxtaposed with the upside potential for providing demand flexibility, numerous implementation challenges are identified that are associated with the evaluation and financial valuation of the capacity for demand flexibility, the aggregated flexibility potential, as well as the control and communication to facilitate the interactions.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2]

Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-07-23

Research Org.:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1566050

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5500-74918
Journal ID: ISSN 2071-1050; SUSTDE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Sustainability (Basel)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Sustainability (Basel); Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 2071-1050

Publisher:: MDPI

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; interactive buildings; demand flexibility; demand response; grid services; microgrids

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                    Fallahi, Zahra, and Henze, Gregor P. Interactive Buildings: A Review.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.3390/su11143988.

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                    Fallahi, Zahra, & Henze, Gregor P. Interactive Buildings: A Review.  United States.  doi:10.3390/su11143988.

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                    Fallahi, Zahra, and Henze, Gregor P. Tue .  
        "Interactive Buildings: A Review".  United States.  doi:10.3390/su11143988.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1566050.

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@article{osti_1566050,

  title        = {Interactive Buildings: A Review},

  author       = {Fallahi, Zahra and Henze, Gregor P.},

  abstractNote = {Buildings are widely regarded as potential sources for demand flexibility. The flexibility of thermal and electric load in buildings is a result of their interactive nature and its impact on the building’s performance. In this paper, the interaction of a building with the three interaction counterparts of the physical environment, civil infrastructure networks and other buildings is investigated. The literature review presents a wide variety of pathways of interaction and their associated potential impacts on building performance metrics such as net energy use, emissions, occupant comfort and operational cost. It is demonstrated that all of these counterparts of interaction should be considered to harness the flexibility potential of the buildings while maintaining other buildings performance metrics at a desired level. Juxtaposed with the upside potential for providing demand flexibility, numerous implementation challenges are identified that are associated with the evaluation and financial valuation of the capacity for demand flexibility, the aggregated flexibility potential, as well as the control and communication to facilitate the interactions.},

  doi          = {10.3390/su11143988},

  journal      = {Sustainability (Basel)},

  number       = 14,

  volume       = 11,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {7}

}

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Performance and feasibility study of hybrid ground source heat pump system assisted with cooling tower for one office building based on one Shanghai case
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IEA EBC Annex 67 Energy Flexible Buildings
journal, November 2017

Jensen, Søren Østergaard; Marszal-Pomianowska, Anna; Lollini, Roberto
Energy and Buildings, Vol. 155
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.08.044

Dynamic frequency regulation resources of commercial buildings through combined building system resources using a supervisory control methodology
journal, January 2015

Zhao, Peng; Henze, Gregor P.; Brandemuehl, Michael J.
Energy and Buildings, Vol. 86
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.09.078

Demand response potential of ventilation systems in residential buildings
journal, June 2016

Rotger-Griful, Sergi; Jacobsen, Rune Hylsberg; Nguyen, Dat
Energy and Buildings, Vol. 121
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.03.061

Passive cooling potential in buildings under various climatic conditions in India
journal, October 2017

Panchabikesan, Karthik; Vellaisamy, Kumaresan; Ramalingam, Velraj
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 78
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.030

Performance analysis of using mine water from an abandoned coal mine for heating of buildings using an open loop based single shaft GSHP system
journal, February 2018

Al-Habaibeh, Amin; Athresh, Anup P.; Parker, Keith
Applied Energy, Vol. 211
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.11.025

Bottom-up modelling methodology for urban-scale analysis of residential space heating demand response
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Hedegaard, Rasmus Elbæk; Kristensen, Martin Heine; Pedersen, Theis Heidmann
Applied Energy, Vol. 242
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.063

Robust Energy Management for Microgrids With High-Penetration Renewables
journal, October 2013

Zhang, Yu; Gatsis, Nikolaos; Giannakis, Georgios B.
IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2013.2255135

The Emerging Transactive Microgrid Controller: Illustrating Its Concept, Functionality, and Business Case
journal, July 2017

Vaahedi, Ebrahim; Nodehi, Kash; Heim, David
IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 15, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1109/MPE.2017.2688619

Integration of a magnetocaloric heat pump in an energy flexible residential building
journal, June 2019

Johra, Hicham; Filonenko, Konstantin; Heiselberg, Per
Renewable Energy, Vol. 136
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.12.102

A review of residential demand response of smart grid
journal, June 2016

Haider, Haider Tarish; See, Ong Hang; Elmenreich, Wilfried
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 59
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.016

Critical kick-back mitigation through improved design of demand response
journal, March 2017

Han, Xue; You, Shi; Bindner, Henrik
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 114
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.09.053

Passive cooling of building-integrated photovoltaics in desert conditions: Experiment and modeling
journal, March 2019

Hamed, Tareq Abu; Alshare, Aiman; El-Khalil, Hossam
Energy, Vol. 170
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.12.153

Energy savings due to the use of PCM for relocatable lightweight buildings passive heating and cooling in different weather conditions
journal, October 2016

Marin, Paula; Saffari, Mohammad; de Gracia, Alvaro
Energy and Buildings, Vol. 129
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.08.007

Simulation pathway for estimating heat island influence on urban/suburban building space-conditioning loads and response to facade material changes
journal, March 2019

Gunawardena, Kanchane; Kershaw, Tristan; Steemers, Koen
Building and Environment, Vol. 150
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.01.006

Blinded by the light: Occupant perceptions and visual comfort assessments of three dynamic daylight control systems and shading strategies
journal, May 2019

Day, Julia K.; Futrell, Benjamin; Cox, Robert
Building and Environment, Vol. 154
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.02.037

Combined use of dynamic building simulation and metamodeling to optimize glass facades for thermal comfort
journal, June 2019

Hawila, Abed Al-Waheed; Merabtine, Abdelatif; Troussier, Nadège
Building and Environment, Vol. 157
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.04.027

From electricity smart grids to smart energy systems – A market operation based approach and understanding
journal, June 2012

Lund, Henrik; Andersen, Anders N.; Østergaard, Poul Alberg
Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.003

New domain for promoting energy efficiency: Energy Flexible Building Cluster
journal, April 2018

Vigna, Ilaria; Pernetti, Roberta; Pasut, Wilmer
Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol. 38
DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2018.01.038

A review of performance of zero energy buildings and energy efficiency solutions
journal, September 2019

Belussi, Lorenzo; Barozzi, Benedetta; Bellazzi, Alice
Journal of Building Engineering, Vol. 25
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100772

Predictive rule-based control to activate the energy flexibility of Norwegian residential buildings: Case of an air-source heat pump and direct electric heating
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Clauß, John; Stinner, Sebastian; Sartori, Igor
Applied Energy, Vol. 237
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.074

Electricity, gas, heat integration via residential hybrid heating technologies – An investment model assessment
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Heinen, Steve; Burke, Daniel; O'Malley, Mark
Energy, Vol. 109
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.126

Prediction model of microclimatic surface conditions on building façades
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Charisi, Stergiani; Thiis, Thomas K.; Stefansson, Petter
Building and Environment, Vol. 128
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.11.017

Review and classification of barriers and enablers of demand response in the smart grid
journal, May 2017

Good, Nicholas; Ellis, Keith A.; Mancarella, Pierluigi
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 72
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.043

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Title: Interactive Buildings: A Review

Abstract

Citation Formats

Integrating building and urban semantics to empower smart water solutions journal, September 2017

A review study about energy renovation of building facades with BIPV in urban environment journal, January 2019

Design optimisation of solar shading systems for tropical office buildings: Challenges and future trends journal, August 2018

Evaluating synergistic effect of optimally controlling commercial building thermal mass portfolios journal, May 2015

Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy Systems, and Smart Loads journal, August 2011

Simultaneous allocation of electric vehicles’ parking lots and distributed renewable resources in smart power distribution networks journal, January 2017

Optimal electrical and thermal energy management of a residential energy hub, integrating demand response and energy storage system journal, March 2015

Occupancy sensing in buildings: A review of data analytics approaches journal, April 2019

Investigation of efficient air pollutant removal using active flow control journal, September 2017

Model-based flexibility assessment of a residential heat pump pool journal, January 2017

A review of occupant behaviour in residential buildings journal, September 2018

Energy flexible building through smart demand-side management and latent heat storage journal, November 2018

Numerical study on hybrid heat pump systems in existing buildings journal, February 2014

Occupancy measurement in commercial office buildings for demand-driven control applications—A survey and detection system evaluation journal, April 2015

The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems journal, March 2010

Dynamic heat storage and cooling capacity of a concrete deck with PCM and thermally activated building system journal, October 2012

Implementation of demand response strategies in a multi-purpose commercial building using a whole-building simulation model approach journal, November 2016

Economic and emission-saving benefits of utilizing demand response and distributed renewables in microgrids journal, November 2017

Characterizing large residential appliance peak load reduction potential utilizing a probabilistic approach journal, July 2016

A simplified framework to assess the feasibility of zero-energy at the neighbourhood/community scale journal, October 2014

Energy management systems aggregators: A literature survey journal, June 2017

Can low carbon city experiments transform the development regime? journal, March 2016

4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) journal, April 2014

Development of a topology analysis tool for fifth-generation district heating and cooling networks journal, September 2019

Impact of Demand-Side Management on Thermal Comfort and Energy Costs in a Residential nZEB journal, May 2017

Building-to-grid flexibility: Modelling and assessment metrics for residential demand response from heat pump aggregations journal, January 2019

Water-to-air-heat exchanger and indirect evaporative cooling in buildings with green roofs journal, September 2017

Energy performance analysis of variable thermal resistance envelopes in residential buildings journal, September 2015

Building facade multi-objective optimization for daylight and aesthetical perception journal, June 2019

Results of a literature review on methods for estimating buildings energy demand at district level journal, May 2019

Low exergy building systems implementation journal, May 2012

An integrated model predictive control approach for optimal HVAC and energy storage operation in large-scale buildings journal, April 2019

Ten questions concerning future buildings beyond zero energy and carbon neutrality journal, July 2017

Optimising building net energy demand with dynamic BIPV shading journal, September 2017

Demand response events in district heating: Results from field tests in a university building journal, May 2019

Demand response for sustainable energy systems: A review, application and implementation strategy journal, May 2015

Overview on hybrid solar photovoltaic-electrical energy storage technologies for power supply to buildings journal, May 2019

Model predictive control for demand response of domestic hot water preparation in ultra-low temperature district heating systems journal, July 2017

Photovoltaic self-consumption in buildings: A review journal, March 2015

Residential emissions reductions through variable timing of electricity consumption journal, November 2015

An online interactive tool to assess energy consumption in residential buildings and for daily mobility journal, August 2014

Experimental Implementation of Frequency Regulation Services Using Commercial Buildings journal, May 2018

A hierarchical coordinated demand response control for buildings with improved performances at building group journal, May 2019

Characterization of demand response in the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors in the United States: Characterization of demand response in the U.S. journal, June 2015

VOLTTRON: An Open-Source Software Platform of the Future journal, December 2016

Distributed energy management for community microgrids considering network operational constraints and building thermal dynamics journal, April 2019

Decentralized Drain Water Heat Recovery: Interaction between Wastewater and Heating Flows on a Single Residence Scale journal, January 2018

In-building waste water heat recovery: An urban-scale method for the characterisation of water streams and the assessment of energy savings and costs journal, April 2017

Cradle-to-gate CO2e emissions vs. in situ CO2 sequestration of structural concrete elements journal, May 2018

Peer-to-peer and community-based markets: A comprehensive review journal, April 2019

Electric storage in California’s commercial buildings journal, April 2013

Passive design optimization of low energy buildings in different climates journal, December 2018

Thermoeconomic analysis of residential rooftop photovoltaic systems with integrated energy storage and resulting impacts on electrical distribution networks journal, October 2018

Transactional network: Improving efficiency and enabling grid services for buildings journal, April 2016

Net-zero energy design and energy sharing potential of Retail - Greenhouse complex journal, July 2019

Model predictive control for thermal energy storage and thermal comfort optimization of building demand response in smart grids journal, May 2019

Blockchain for decentralized transactive energy management system in networked microgrids journal, May 2019

Measured and modeled performance of internal mass as a thermal energy battery for energy flexible residential buildings journal, April 2019

Uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis of the domestic hot water usage in hotels journal, December 2018

Model-based shading and lighting controls considering visual comfort and energy use journal, September 2016

A study of the impact of occupant behaviors on energy performance of building envelopes using occupants’ data journal, August 2017

Solar facade module for nearly zero energy building journal, August 2018

5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe journal, April 2019

Hierarchical microgrid energy management in an office building journal, December 2017

Passive cooling of buildings with phase change materials using whole-building energy simulation tools: A review journal, December 2017

Impact of reaction products from building materials and furnishings on indoor air quality—A review of recent advances in indoor chemistry journal, May 2007

Building to vehicle to building concept toward a novel zero energy paradigm: Modelling and case studies journal, March 2019

Assessment of Light Emitting Diodes technology for general lighting: A critical review journal, August 2017

Domestic hot water consumption vs. solar thermal energy storage: The optimum size of the storage tank journal, September 2012

Strategic control and cost optimization of thermal energy storage in buildings using EnergyPlus journal, July 2019

Ground heat exchangers: Applications, technology integration and potentials for zero energy buildings journal, December 2018

A thermodynamic analysis of a novel bidirectional district heating and cooling network journal, February 2018

Bidirectional low temperature district energy systems with agent-based control: Performance comparison and operation optimization journal, January 2018

Review of blockchain-based distributed energy: Implications for institutional development journal, June 2019

Impact of shared battery energy storage systems on photovoltaic self-consumption and electricity bills in apartment buildings journal, July 2019

Influence of a reflective glass façade on surrounding microclimate and building cooling load: Case of an office building in Algiers journal, April 2019

A reflective adaptive solar façade for multi-building energy and comfort management journal, October 2018

Integrating building and urban semantics to empower smart water solutions
journal, September 2017

A review study about energy renovation of building facades with BIPV in urban environment
journal, January 2019

Design optimisation of solar shading systems for tropical office buildings: Challenges and future trends
journal, August 2018

Evaluating synergistic effect of optimally controlling commercial building thermal mass portfolios
journal, May 2015

Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy Systems, and Smart Loads
journal, August 2011

Simultaneous allocation of electric vehicles’ parking lots and distributed renewable resources in smart power distribution networks
journal, January 2017

Optimal electrical and thermal energy management of a residential energy hub, integrating demand response and energy storage system
journal, March 2015

Occupancy sensing in buildings: A review of data analytics approaches
journal, April 2019

Investigation of efficient air pollutant removal using active flow control
journal, September 2017

Model-based flexibility assessment of a residential heat pump pool
journal, January 2017

A review of occupant behaviour in residential buildings
journal, September 2018

Energy flexible building through smart demand-side management and latent heat storage
journal, November 2018

Numerical study on hybrid heat pump systems in existing buildings
journal, February 2014

Occupancy measurement in commercial office buildings for demand-driven control applications—A survey and detection system evaluation
journal, April 2015

The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems
journal, March 2010

Dynamic heat storage and cooling capacity of a concrete deck with PCM and thermally activated building system
journal, October 2012

Implementation of demand response strategies in a multi-purpose commercial building using a whole-building simulation model approach
journal, November 2016

Economic and emission-saving benefits of utilizing demand response and distributed renewables in microgrids
journal, November 2017

Characterizing large residential appliance peak load reduction potential utilizing a probabilistic approach
journal, July 2016

A simplified framework to assess the feasibility of zero-energy at the neighbourhood/community scale
journal, October 2014

Energy management systems aggregators: A literature survey
journal, June 2017

Can low carbon city experiments transform the development regime?
journal, March 2016

4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)
journal, April 2014

Development of a topology analysis tool for fifth-generation district heating and cooling networks
journal, September 2019

Impact of Demand-Side Management on Thermal Comfort and Energy Costs in a Residential nZEB
journal, May 2017

Building-to-grid flexibility: Modelling and assessment metrics for residential demand response from heat pump aggregations
journal, January 2019

Water-to-air-heat exchanger and indirect evaporative cooling in buildings with green roofs
journal, September 2017

Energy performance analysis of variable thermal resistance envelopes in residential buildings
journal, September 2015

Building facade multi-objective optimization for daylight and aesthetical perception
journal, June 2019

Results of a literature review on methods for estimating buildings energy demand at district level
journal, May 2019

Low exergy building systems implementation
journal, May 2012

An integrated model predictive control approach for optimal HVAC and energy storage operation in large-scale buildings
journal, April 2019

Ten questions concerning future buildings beyond zero energy and carbon neutrality
journal, July 2017

Optimising building net energy demand with dynamic BIPV shading
journal, September 2017

Demand response events in district heating: Results from field tests in a university building
journal, May 2019

Demand response for sustainable energy systems: A review, application and implementation strategy
journal, May 2015

Overview on hybrid solar photovoltaic-electrical energy storage technologies for power supply to buildings
journal, May 2019

Model predictive control for demand response of domestic hot water preparation in ultra-low temperature district heating systems
journal, July 2017

Photovoltaic self-consumption in buildings: A review
journal, March 2015

Residential emissions reductions through variable timing of electricity consumption
journal, November 2015

An online interactive tool to assess energy consumption in residential buildings and for daily mobility
journal, August 2014

Experimental Implementation of Frequency Regulation Services Using Commercial Buildings
journal, May 2018

A hierarchical coordinated demand response control for buildings with improved performances at building group
journal, May 2019

Characterization of demand response in the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors in the United States: Characterization of demand response in the U.S.
journal, June 2015

VOLTTRON: An Open-Source Software Platform of the Future
journal, December 2016

Distributed energy management for community microgrids considering network operational constraints and building thermal dynamics
journal, April 2019

Decentralized Drain Water Heat Recovery: Interaction between Wastewater and Heating Flows on a Single Residence Scale
journal, January 2018

In-building waste water heat recovery: An urban-scale method for the characterisation of water streams and the assessment of energy savings and costs
journal, April 2017

Cradle-to-gate CO2e emissions vs. in situ CO2 sequestration of structural concrete elements
journal, May 2018

Peer-to-peer and community-based markets: A comprehensive review
journal, April 2019

Electric storage in California’s commercial buildings
journal, April 2013

Passive design optimization of low energy buildings in different climates
journal, December 2018

Thermoeconomic analysis of residential rooftop photovoltaic systems with integrated energy storage and resulting impacts on electrical distribution networks
journal, October 2018

Transactional network: Improving efficiency and enabling grid services for buildings
journal, April 2016

Net-zero energy design and energy sharing potential of Retail - Greenhouse complex
journal, July 2019

Model predictive control for thermal energy storage and thermal comfort optimization of building demand response in smart grids
journal, May 2019

Blockchain for decentralized transactive energy management system in networked microgrids
journal, May 2019

Measured and modeled performance of internal mass as a thermal energy battery for energy flexible residential buildings
journal, April 2019

Uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis of the domestic hot water usage in hotels
journal, December 2018

Model-based shading and lighting controls considering visual comfort and energy use
journal, September 2016

A study of the impact of occupant behaviors on energy performance of building envelopes using occupants’ data
journal, August 2017

Solar facade module for nearly zero energy building
journal, August 2018

5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe
journal, April 2019

Hierarchical microgrid energy management in an office building
journal, December 2017

Passive cooling of buildings with phase change materials using whole-building energy simulation tools: A review
journal, December 2017

Impact of reaction products from building materials and furnishings on indoor air quality—A review of recent advances in indoor chemistry
journal, May 2007

Building to vehicle to building concept toward a novel zero energy paradigm: Modelling and case studies
journal, March 2019

Assessment of Light Emitting Diodes technology for general lighting: A critical review
journal, August 2017

Domestic hot water consumption vs. solar thermal energy storage: The optimum size of the storage tank
journal, September 2012

Strategic control and cost optimization of thermal energy storage in buildings using EnergyPlus
journal, July 2019

Ground heat exchangers: Applications, technology integration and potentials for zero energy buildings
journal, December 2018

A thermodynamic analysis of a novel bidirectional district heating and cooling network
journal, February 2018

Bidirectional low temperature district energy systems with agent-based control: Performance comparison and operation optimization
journal, January 2018

Review of blockchain-based distributed energy: Implications for institutional development
journal, June 2019

Impact of shared battery energy storage systems on photovoltaic self-consumption and electricity bills in apartment buildings
journal, July 2019

Influence of a reflective glass façade on surrounding microclimate and building cooling load: Case of an office building in Algiers
journal, April 2019

A reflective adaptive solar façade for multi-building energy and comfort management
journal, October 2018

Simulation tools application for artificial lighting in buildings
journal, February 2018

Forecasting district-scale energy dynamics through integrating building network and long short-term memory learning algorithm
journal, August 2019

Building information modelling and green buildings: challenges and opportunities
journal, June 2018