Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++

Ma, C. H.; Xu, X. Q.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/57/1/016002

Title: Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++

Abstract

We report on simulation results of a 3+1 gyro-Landau-fluid (GLF) model in BOUT++ framework, which contributes to increasing the physics understanding of the edge turbulence. We find that there is no second stability region of kinetic ballooning modes (KBM) in the concentric circular geometry. The first unstable β of KBM decreases below the ideal ballooning mode threshold with increasing $${{\eta}_{i}}$$. In order to study the KBM in the real tokamak equilibrium, we find that the approximation of shifted circular geometry ($$\beta \ll {{\varepsilon}^{2}}$$ ) is not valid for a high β global equilibrium near the second stability region of KBM. Thus we generate a series of real equilibria from a global equilibrium solver CORSICA, including both Shafranov shift and elongation effects, but not including bootstrap current. In these real equilibria, the second stability region of KBM are observed in our global linear simulations. The most unstable mode for different β are the same while the mode number spectrum near the second stability region is wider than the case near the first stability region. Here, the nonlinear simulations show that the energy loss of an ELM keeps increasing with β, because the linear drive of the turbulence remains strong for the case near the second stability region during profile evolution.

Authors:

Ma, C. H. ^[1]; Xu, X. Q. ^[2]

Peking Univ., Beijing (People's Republic of China); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1566004

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-736516
Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515; 889351; TRN: US2000952

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Fusion

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 57; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP Science

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; KBM; ELMs; turbulence

Citation Formats


                    Ma, C. H., and Xu, X. Q. Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/0029-5515/57/1/016002.

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                    Ma, C. H., & Xu, X. Q. Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/57/1/016002

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                    Ma, C. H., and Xu, X. Q. Wed .  
"Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/57/1/016002.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1566004.

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@article{osti_1566004,

  title        = {Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++},

  author       = {Ma, C. H. and Xu, X. Q.},

  abstractNote = {We report on simulation results of a 3+1 gyro-Landau-fluid (GLF) model in BOUT++ framework, which contributes to increasing the physics understanding of the edge turbulence. We find that there is no second stability region of kinetic ballooning modes (KBM) in the concentric circular geometry. The first unstable β of KBM decreases below the ideal ballooning mode threshold with increasing ${{\eta}_{i}}$. In order to study the KBM in the real tokamak equilibrium, we find that the approximation of shifted circular geometry ($\beta \ll {{\varepsilon}^{2}}$ ) is not valid for a high β global equilibrium near the second stability region of KBM. Thus we generate a series of real equilibria from a global equilibrium solver CORSICA, including both Shafranov shift and elongation effects, but not including bootstrap current. In these real equilibria, the second stability region of KBM are observed in our global linear simulations. The most unstable mode for different β are the same while the mode number spectrum near the second stability region is wider than the case near the first stability region. Here, the nonlinear simulations show that the energy loss of an ELM keeps increasing with β, because the linear drive of the turbulence remains strong for the case near the second stability region during profile evolution.},

  doi          = {10.1088/0029-5515/57/1/016002},

  journal      = {Nuclear Fusion},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 57,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Wed Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Andersson, P.; Weiland, J.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 31, Issue 2
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Electromagnetic effects on plasma microturbulence and transport
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Benchmark studies of the gyro-Landau-fluid code and gyro-kinetic codes on kinetic ballooning modes
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Tang, T. F.; Xu, X. Q.; Ma, C. H.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 3
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Nonlinear Simulations of Peeling-Ballooning Modes with Anomalous Electron Viscosity and their Role in Edge Localized Mode Crashes
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Xu, X. Q.; Dudson, B.; Snyder, P. B.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 17
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Edge-localized-modes in tokamaks
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Leonard, A. W.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 9
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Kinetic theory of collisionless ballooning modes
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Cheng, C. Z.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 25, Issue 6
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Gyro-fluid and two-fluid theory and simulations of edge-localized-modes
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Xu, X. Q.; Xi, P. W.; Dimits, A.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 5
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A first-principles predictive model of the pedestal height and width: development, testing and ITER optimization with the EPED model
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The impact of pedestal turbulence and electron inertia on edge-localized-mode crashes
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Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5
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Impact of the pedestal plasma density on dynamics of edge localized mode crashes and energy loss scaling
journal, December 2014

Xu, X. Q.; Ma, J. F.; Li, G. Q.
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Comparisons and physics basis of tokamak transport models and turbulence simulations
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Dimits, A. M.; Bateman, G.; Beer, M. A.
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Miller, R. L.; Chu, M. S.; Greene, J. M.
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Gyrokinetic turbulence simulations at high plasma beta
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Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 10
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Existence of ion temperature gradient driven shear Alfvén instabilities in tokamaks
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Zonca, Fulvio; Chen, Liu; Dong, J. Q.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 5
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Phase Dynamics Criterion for Fast Relaxation of High-Confinement-Mode Plasmas
journal, February 2014

Xi, P. W.; Xu, X. Q.; Diamond, P. H.
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Impact of inward turbulence spreading on energy loss of edge-localized modesa)
journal, May 2015

Ma, C. H.; Xu, X. Q.; Xi, P. W.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5
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Magnetohydrodynamic stability of tokamak edge plasmas
journal, July 1998

Connor, J. W.; Hastie, R. J.; Wilson, H. R.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 7
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Impact of relative phase shift on inward turbulent spreading
journal, January 2015

Ma, C. H.; Xu, X. Q.; Xi, P. W.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.4905644

Regime of Improved Confinement and High Beta in Neutral-Beam-Heated Divertor Discharges of the ASDEX Tokamak
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Linear analyses of peeling-ballooning modes in high beta pedestal plasmas
journal, August 2018

Sun, C. K.; Xu, X. Q.; Ma, C. H.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1063/1.5028261

Quasi-coherent mode simulation during inter-ELM period in HL-2A
journal, December 2018

Tang, T. F.; Shi, H.; Wang, Z. H.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/1.5050853

A Landau-fluid closure for arbitrary frequency response
journal, January 2019

Wang, Libo; Zhu, Ben; Xu, Xue-qiao
AIP Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.5063916

Nonlinear saturation of kinetic ballooning modes by zonal fields in toroidal plasmas
journal, January 2019

Dong, G.; Bao, J.; Bhattacharjee, A.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.5066583

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Similar Records

Title: Global kinetic ballooning mode simulations in BOUT++

Abstract

Citation Formats

A fully toroidal fluid analysis of the magnetohydrodynamic ballooning mode branch in tokamaks journal, January 1988

Electromagnetic effects on plasma microturbulence and transport journal, March 2001

Benchmark studies of the gyro-Landau-fluid code and gyro-kinetic codes on kinetic ballooning modes journal, March 2016

Nonlinear Simulations of Peeling-Ballooning Modes with Anomalous Electron Viscosity and their Role in Edge Localized Mode Crashes journal, October 2010

Edge-localized-modes in tokamaks journal, September 2014

Kinetic theory of collisionless ballooning modes journal, January 1982

Gyro-fluid and two-fluid theory and simulations of edge-localized-modes journal, May 2013

A first-principles predictive model of the pedestal height and width: development, testing and ITER optimization with the EPED model journal, August 2011

BOUT++: A framework for parallel plasma fluid simulations journal, September 2009

Ideal-MHD stability of finite-beta plasmas journal, June 1979

The impact of pedestal turbulence and electron inertia on edge-localized-mode crashes journal, May 2014

Impact of the pedestal plasma density on dynamics of edge localized mode crashes and energy loss scaling journal, December 2014

Comparisons and physics basis of tokamak transport models and turbulence simulations journal, March 2000

Noncircular, finite aspect ratio, local equilibrium model journal, April 1998

Gyrokinetic turbulence simulations at high plasma beta journal, October 2008

Existence of ion temperature gradient driven shear Alfvén instabilities in tokamaks journal, May 1999

Phase Dynamics Criterion for Fast Relaxation of High-Confinement-Mode Plasmas journal, February 2014

Impact of inward turbulence spreading on energy loss of edge-localized modesa) journal, May 2015

Magnetohydrodynamic stability of tokamak edge plasmas journal, July 1998

Impact of relative phase shift on inward turbulent spreading journal, January 2015

Regime of Improved Confinement and High Beta in Neutral-Beam-Heated Divertor Discharges of the ASDEX Tokamak journal, November 1982

Shear, Periodicity, and Plasma Ballooning Modes journal, February 1978

Edge localized modes and the pedestal: A model based on coupled peeling–ballooning modes journal, May 2002

Kinetic theory of collisionless ballooning modes report, April 1981

Linear analyses of peeling-ballooning modes in high beta pedestal plasmas journal, August 2018

Quasi-coherent mode simulation during inter-ELM period in HL-2A journal, December 2018

A Landau-fluid closure for arbitrary frequency response journal, January 2019

Nonlinear saturation of kinetic ballooning modes by zonal fields in toroidal plasmas journal, January 2019

A fully toroidal fluid analysis of the magnetohydrodynamic ballooning mode branch in tokamaks
journal, January 1988

Electromagnetic effects on plasma microturbulence and transport
journal, March 2001

Benchmark studies of the gyro-Landau-fluid code and gyro-kinetic codes on kinetic ballooning modes
journal, March 2016

Nonlinear Simulations of Peeling-Ballooning Modes with Anomalous Electron Viscosity and their Role in Edge Localized Mode Crashes
journal, October 2010

Edge-localized-modes in tokamaks
journal, September 2014

Kinetic theory of collisionless ballooning modes
journal, January 1982

Gyro-fluid and two-fluid theory and simulations of edge-localized-modes
journal, May 2013

A first-principles predictive model of the pedestal height and width: development, testing and ITER optimization with the EPED model
journal, August 2011

BOUT++: A framework for parallel plasma fluid simulations
journal, September 2009

Ideal-MHD stability of finite-beta plasmas
journal, June 1979

The impact of pedestal turbulence and electron inertia on edge-localized-mode crashes
journal, May 2014

Impact of the pedestal plasma density on dynamics of edge localized mode crashes and energy loss scaling
journal, December 2014

Comparisons and physics basis of tokamak transport models and turbulence simulations
journal, March 2000

Noncircular, finite aspect ratio, local equilibrium model
journal, April 1998

Gyrokinetic turbulence simulations at high plasma beta
journal, October 2008

Existence of ion temperature gradient driven shear Alfvén instabilities in tokamaks
journal, May 1999

Phase Dynamics Criterion for Fast Relaxation of High-Confinement-Mode Plasmas
journal, February 2014

Impact of inward turbulence spreading on energy loss of edge-localized modesa)
journal, May 2015

Magnetohydrodynamic stability of tokamak edge plasmas
journal, July 1998

Impact of relative phase shift on inward turbulent spreading
journal, January 2015

Regime of Improved Confinement and High Beta in Neutral-Beam-Heated Divertor Discharges of the ASDEX Tokamak
journal, November 1982

Shear, Periodicity, and Plasma Ballooning Modes
journal, February 1978

Edge localized modes and the pedestal: A model based on coupled peeling–ballooning modes
journal, May 2002

Kinetic theory of collisionless ballooning modes
report, April 1981

Linear analyses of peeling-ballooning modes in high beta pedestal plasmas
journal, August 2018

Quasi-coherent mode simulation during inter-ELM period in HL-2A
journal, December 2018

A Landau-fluid closure for arbitrary frequency response
journal, January 2019

Nonlinear saturation of kinetic ballooning modes by zonal fields in toroidal plasmas
journal, January 2019