Impact of Pulsar and Fallback Sources on Multifrequency Kilonova Models
Abstract
We explore the impact of pulsar electromagnetic dipole and fallback accretion emission on the luminosity of a suite of kilonova models. The pulsar models are varied over pulsar magnetic field strength, pulsar lifetime, ejecta mass, and elemental abundances; the fallback models are varied over fallback accretion rate and ejecta mass. For the abundances, we use Fe and Nd as representatives of the wind and dynamical ejecta, respectively. We simulate radiative transfer in the ejecta in either 1D spherical or 2D cylindrical spatial geometry. For the grid of 1D simulations, the mass fraction of Nd is 0, 10–4, or 10–3, and the rest is Fe. Our models that fit the bolometric luminosity of AT 2017gfo (the kilonova associated with the first neutron star merger discovered in gravitational waves, GW170817) do not simultaneously fit the B, V, and I time evolution. Here, we find that the trends of the evolution in B and V magnitudes are better matched by the fallback model relative to the pulsar model, implying the time-dependence of the remnant source influences the color evolution. Further exploration of the parameter space and model deficiencies is needed before we can describe AT 2017gfo with a remnant source.
- Authors:
-
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics—Center for the Evolution of the Elements, East Lansing, MI (United States); The George Washington Univ., Washington, DC (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics—Center for the Evolution of the Elements, East Lansing, MI (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1565901
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-19-22590
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; TRN: US2000937
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 880; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; methods: numerical; radiative transfer; stars: neutron; supernovae: general
Citation Formats
Wollaeger, Ryan Thomas, Fryer, Chris Lee, Fontes, Christopher John, Lippuner, Jonas, Vestrand, W. Thomas, Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, Korobkin, Oleg, Hungerford, Aimee L., and Even, Wesley Paul. Impact of Pulsar and Fallback Sources on Multifrequency Kilonova Models. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab25f5.
Wollaeger, Ryan Thomas, Fryer, Chris Lee, Fontes, Christopher John, Lippuner, Jonas, Vestrand, W. Thomas, Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, Korobkin, Oleg, Hungerford, Aimee L., & Even, Wesley Paul. Impact of Pulsar and Fallback Sources on Multifrequency Kilonova Models. United States. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab25f5.
Wollaeger, Ryan Thomas, Fryer, Chris Lee, Fontes, Christopher John, Lippuner, Jonas, Vestrand, W. Thomas, Mumpower, Matthew Ryan, Korobkin, Oleg, Hungerford, Aimee L., and Even, Wesley Paul. Fri .
"Impact of Pulsar and Fallback Sources on Multifrequency Kilonova Models". United States. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab25f5. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1565901.
@article{osti_1565901,
title = {Impact of Pulsar and Fallback Sources on Multifrequency Kilonova Models},
author = {Wollaeger, Ryan Thomas and Fryer, Chris Lee and Fontes, Christopher John and Lippuner, Jonas and Vestrand, W. Thomas and Mumpower, Matthew Ryan and Korobkin, Oleg and Hungerford, Aimee L. and Even, Wesley Paul},
abstractNote = {We explore the impact of pulsar electromagnetic dipole and fallback accretion emission on the luminosity of a suite of kilonova models. The pulsar models are varied over pulsar magnetic field strength, pulsar lifetime, ejecta mass, and elemental abundances; the fallback models are varied over fallback accretion rate and ejecta mass. For the abundances, we use Fe and Nd as representatives of the wind and dynamical ejecta, respectively. We simulate radiative transfer in the ejecta in either 1D spherical or 2D cylindrical spatial geometry. For the grid of 1D simulations, the mass fraction of Nd is 0, 10–4, or 10–3, and the rest is Fe. Our models that fit the bolometric luminosity of AT 2017gfo (the kilonova associated with the first neutron star merger discovered in gravitational waves, GW170817) do not simultaneously fit the B, V, and I time evolution. Here, we find that the trends of the evolution in B and V magnitudes are better matched by the fallback model relative to the pulsar model, implying the time-dependence of the remnant source influences the color evolution. Further exploration of the parameter space and model deficiencies is needed before we can describe AT 2017gfo with a remnant source.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab25f5},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 880,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
Web of Science
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Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event
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The spatial distribution of coalescing neutron star binaries: implications for gamma-ray bursts
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Neutrinos from Fallback onto Newly Formed Neutron Stars
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Illuminating gravitational waves: A concordant picture of photons from a neutron star merger
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Dynamical mass ejection from binary neutron star mergers
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Impact of ejecta morphology and composition on the electromagnetic signatures of neutron star mergers
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The Locations of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors
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Neutrino-driven winds from neutron star merger remnants
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A long-lived neutron star merger remnant in GW170817: constraints and clues from X-ray observations
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Estimating the Contribution of Dynamical Ejecta in the Kilonova Associated with GW170817
journal, December 2017
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The X-ray counterpart to the gravitational-wave event GW170817
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Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
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The long-term evolution of neutron star merger remnants - I. The impact of r-process nucleosynthesis
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Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: Opacity Regrouping
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Optical and X-ray emission from stable millisecond magnetars formed from the merger of binary neutron stars
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The dynamic ejecta of compact object mergers and eccentric collisions
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Red or blue? A potential kilonova imprint of the delay until black hole formation following a neutron star merger
journal, May 2014
- Metzger, Brian D.; Fernández, Rodrigo
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Neutron star accretion in a supernova
journal, November 1989
- Chevalier, Roger A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 346
Formation Rates of Black Hole Accretion Disk Gamma‐Ray Bursts
journal, November 1999
- Fryer, Chris L.; Woosley, S. E.; Hartmann, Dieter H.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 526, Issue 1
A hybrid transport-diffusion Monte Carlo method for frequency-dependent radiative-transfer simulations
journal, August 2012
- Densmore, Jeffery D.; Thompson, Kelly G.; Urbatsch, Todd J.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 231, Issue 20
Extended Calculations of Energy Levels and Transition Rates of Nd ii-iv Ions for Application to Neutron Star Mergers
journal, February 2019
- Gaigalas, Gediminas; Kato, Daiji; Rynkun, Pavel
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 240, Issue 2
Is the Macronova in GW170817 Powered by the Central Engine?
journal, July 2018
- Matsumoto, Tatsuya; Ioka, Kunihito; Kisaka, Shota
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 1
Observationally constraining gravitational wave emission from short gamma-ray burst remnants
journal, February 2016
- Lasky, Paul D.; Glampedakis, Kostas
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The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. I. Discovery of the Optical Counterpart Using the Dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2017
- Soares-Santos, M.; Holz, D. E.; Annis, J.
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On the astrophysical robustness of the neutron star merger r-process: Robust r-process in neutron star mergers
journal, October 2012
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Observations of the First Electromagnetic Counterpart to a Gravitational-wave Source by the TOROS Collaboration
journal, October 2017
- Díaz, M. C.; Macri, L. M.; Lambas, D. Garcia
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Modeling GW170817 based on numerical relativity and its implications
journal, December 2017
- Shibata, Masaru; Fujibayashi, Sho; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 12
Constraining properties of GRB magnetar central engines using the observed plateau luminosity and duration correlation
journal, July 2014
- Rowlinson, A.; Gompertz, B. P.; Dainotti, M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 443, Issue 2
A new Monte Carlo Method for Time-Dependent Neutrino Radiation Transport
journal, August 2012
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Neutron Star Mergers and Nucleosynthesis of Heavy Elements
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Hyperaccreting Black Holes and Gamma‐Ray Bursts
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Spitzer Mid-Infrared Detections of Neutron Star Merger GW170817 Suggests Synthesis of the Heaviest Elements
journal, January 2019
- Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Kasen, Daniel; Lau, Ryan M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: a Multigroup Hybrid Monte Carlo Method
journal, November 2013
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The Origin of r -process Elements in the Milky Way
journal, March 2018
- Côté, Benoit; Fryer, Chris L.; Belczynski, Krzysztof
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What Powered the Optical Transient AT2017gfo Associated with GW170817?
journal, July 2018
- Li, Shao-Ze; Liu, Liang-Duan; Yu, Yun-Wei
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 2
MAGNETOROTATIONALLY DRIVEN SUPERNOVAE AS THE ORIGIN OF EARLY GALAXY r -PROCESS ELEMENTS?
journal, April 2012
- Winteler, C.; Käppeli, R.; Perego, A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 750, Issue 1
r-PROCESS LANTHANIDE PRODUCTION AND HEATING RATES IN KILONOVAE
journal, December 2015
- Lippuner, Jonas; Roberts, Luke F.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 815, Issue 2
Mitigating Teleportation Error in Frequency-Dependent Hybrid Implicit Monte Carlo Diffusion Methods
journal, July 2014
- Cleveland, Mathew A.; Gentile, Nick
- Journal of Computational and Theoretical Transport, Vol. 43, Issue 1-7
Systematics of Dynamical mass Ejection, Nucleosynthesis, and Radioactively Powered Electromagnetic Signals from Neutron-Star Mergers
journal, July 2013
- Bauswein, A.; Goriely, S.; Janka, H. -T.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 773, Issue 1
The Los Alamos suite of relativistic atomic physics codes
journal, May 2015
- Fontes, C. J.; Zhang, H. L.; Jr, J. Abdallah
- Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 48, Issue 14
X-Ray-Powered Macronovae
journal, February 2016
- Kisaka, Shota; Ioka, Kunihito; Nakar, Ehud
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 2
Black-hole-neutron-star collisions
journal, September 1974
- Lattimer, J. M.; Schramm, D. N.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 192
Works referencing / citing this record:
Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Observationally constraining gravitational wave emission from short gamma-ray burst remnants
journal, February 2016
- Lasky, Paul D.; Glampedakis, Kostas
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 2
Observations of the First Electromagnetic Counterpart to a Gravitational-wave Source by the TOROS Collaboration
journal, October 2017
- Díaz, M. C.; Macri, L. M.; Lambas, D. Garcia
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Spitzer Mid-Infrared Detections of Neutron Star Merger GW170817 Suggests Synthesis of the Heaviest Elements
journal, January 2019
- Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Kasen, Daniel; Lau, Ryan M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
Constraining properties of GRB magnetar central engines using the observed plateau luminosity and duration correlation
journal, July 2014
- Rowlinson, A.; Gompertz, B. P.; Dainotti, M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 443, Issue 2
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. I. Discovery of the Optical Counterpart Using the Dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2017
- Soares-Santos, M.; Holz, D. E.; Annis, J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Hyperaccreting Black Holes and Gamma‐Ray Bursts
journal, June 1999
- Popham, Robert; Woosley, S. E.; Fryer, Chris
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 518, Issue 1
X-Ray-Powered Macronovae
journal, February 2016
- Kisaka, Shota; Ioka, Kunihito; Nakar, Ehud
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 2
Red or blue? A potential kilonova imprint of the delay until black hole formation following a neutron star merger
journal, May 2014
- Metzger, Brian D.; Fernández, Rodrigo
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 441, Issue 4
Neutron star accretion in a supernova
journal, November 1989
- Chevalier, Roger A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 346
Optical and X-ray emission from stable millisecond magnetars formed from the merger of binary neutron stars
journal, March 2014
- Metzger, Brian D.; Piro, Anthony L.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 4
A hybrid transport-diffusion Monte Carlo method for frequency-dependent radiative-transfer simulations
journal, August 2012
- Densmore, Jeffery D.; Thompson, Kelly G.; Urbatsch, Todd J.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 231, Issue 20
The dynamic ejecta of compact object mergers and eccentric collisions
journal, June 2013
- Rosswog, Stephan
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 371, Issue 1992
Black-hole-neutron-star collisions
journal, September 1974
- Lattimer, J. M.; Schramm, D. N.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 192
Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: a Multigroup Hybrid Monte Carlo Method
journal, November 2013
- Wollaeger, Ryan T.; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Graziani, Carlo
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 209, Issue 2
The Origin of r -process Elements in the Milky Way
journal, March 2018
- Côté, Benoit; Fryer, Chris L.; Belczynski, Krzysztof
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 2
The X-ray counterpart to the gravitational-wave event GW170817
journal, October 2017
- Troja, E.; Piro, L.; van Eerten, H.
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7678
Systematics of Dynamical mass Ejection, Nucleosynthesis, and Radioactively Powered Electromagnetic Signals from Neutron-Star Mergers
journal, July 2013
- Bauswein, A.; Goriely, S.; Janka, H. -T.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 773, Issue 1
Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event
journal, October 2017
- Kasen, Daniel; Metzger, Brian; Barnes, Jennifer
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7678
Extended Calculations of Energy Levels and Transition Rates of Nd ii-iv Ions for Application to Neutron Star Mergers
journal, February 2019
- Gaigalas, Gediminas; Kato, Daiji; Rynkun, Pavel
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 240, Issue 2
Dynamical mass ejection from binary neutron star mergers
journal, May 2016
- Radice, David; Galeazzi, Filippo; Lippuner, Jonas
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 460, Issue 3
Formation Rates of Black Hole Accretion Disk Gamma‐Ray Bursts
journal, November 1999
- Fryer, Chris L.; Woosley, S. E.; Hartmann, Dieter H.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 526, Issue 1
Neutron Star Mergers and Nucleosynthesis of Heavy Elements
journal, October 2017
- Thielemann, F. -K.; Eichler, M.; Panov, I. V.
- Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 67, Issue 1
Identification of two classes of gamma-ray bursts
journal, August 1993
- Kouveliotou, Chryssa; Meegan, Charles A.; Fishman, Gerald J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 413
Is the Macronova in GW170817 Powered by the Central Engine?
journal, July 2018
- Matsumoto, Tatsuya; Ioka, Kunihito; Kisaka, Shota
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 1
The spatial distribution of coalescing neutron star binaries: implications for gamma-ray bursts
journal, May 1999
- Bloom, Joshua S.; Sigurdsson, Steinn; Pols, Onno R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 305, Issue 4
What Powered the Optical Transient AT2017gfo Associated with GW170817?
journal, July 2018
- Li, Shao-Ze; Liu, Liang-Duan; Yu, Yun-Wei
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 2
The impact of individual nuclear properties on -process nucleosynthesis
journal, January 2016
- Mumpower, M. R.; Surman, R.; McLaughlin, G. C.
- Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 86
Neutrino-driven winds from neutron star merger remnants
journal, August 2014
- Perego, A.; Rosswog, S.; Cabezon, R. M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 443, Issue 4
A new Monte Carlo Method for Time-Dependent Neutrino Radiation Transport
journal, August 2012
- Abdikamalov, Ernazar; Burrows, Adam; Ott, Christian D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 755, Issue 2
The Los Alamos suite of relativistic atomic physics codes
journal, May 2015
- Fontes, C. J.; Zhang, H. L.; Jr, J. Abdallah
- Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 48, Issue 14
Mitigating Teleportation Error in Frequency-Dependent Hybrid Implicit Monte Carlo Diffusion Methods
journal, July 2014
- Cleveland, Mathew A.; Gentile, Nick
- Journal of Computational and Theoretical Transport, Vol. 43, Issue 1-7
A Deep Chandra X-Ray Study of Neutron Star Coalescence GW170817
journal, October 2017
- Haggard, Daryl; Nynka, Melania; Ruan, John J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
r-PROCESS LANTHANIDE PRODUCTION AND HEATING RATES IN KILONOVAE
journal, December 2015
- Lippuner, Jonas; Roberts, Luke F.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 815, Issue 2
MAGNETOROTATIONALLY DRIVEN SUPERNOVAE AS THE ORIGIN OF EARLY GALAXY r -PROCESS ELEMENTS?
journal, April 2012
- Winteler, C.; Käppeli, R.; Perego, A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 750, Issue 1
Illuminating gravitational waves: A concordant picture of photons from a neutron star merger
journal, October 2017
- Kasliwal, M. M.; Nakar, E.; Singer, L. P.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6370
Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
The Locations of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors
journal, September 2013
- Fong, W.; Berger, E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 776, Issue 1
[CLC][ITAL]r[/ITAL][/CLC]-Process in Neutron Star Mergers
journal, November 1999
- Freiburghaus, C.; Rosswog, S.; Thielemann, F. -K.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 525, Issue 2
Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: Opacity Regrouping
journal, October 2014
- Wollaeger, Ryan T.; van Rossum, Daniel R.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 214, Issue 2
Modeling GW170817 based on numerical relativity and its implications
journal, December 2017
- Shibata, Masaru; Fujibayashi, Sho; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 12
The long-term evolution of neutron star merger remnants – II. Radioactively powered transients
journal, January 2014
- Grossman, Doron; Korobkin, Oleg; Rosswog, Stephan
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 1
The long-term evolution of neutron star merger remnants - I. The impact of r-process nucleosynthesis
journal, January 2014
- Rosswog, S.; Korobkin, O.; Arcones, A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 1
Estimating the Contribution of Dynamical Ejecta in the Kilonova Associated with GW170817
journal, December 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2
Neutrinos from Fallback onto Newly Formed Neutron Stars
journal, June 2009
- Fryer, Chris L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 699, Issue 1
Bright “Merger-Nova” from the Remnant of a Neutron star Binary Merger: a Signature of a Newly Born, Massive, Millisecond Magnetar
journal, October 2013
- Yu, Yun-Wei; Zhang, Bing; Gao, He
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 776, Issue 2
A long-lived neutron star merger remnant in GW170817: constraints and clues from X-ray observations
journal, November 2018
- Piro, L.; Troja, E.; Zhang, B.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 483, Issue 2
On the astrophysical robustness of the neutron star merger r-process: Robust r-process in neutron star mergers
journal, October 2012
- Korobkin, O.; Rosswog, S.; Arcones, A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 3
Impact of ejecta morphology and composition on the electromagnetic signatures of neutron star mergers
journal, April 2018
- Wollaeger, Ryan T.; Korobkin, Oleg; Fontes, Christopher J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 3
Diversity of Kilonova Light Curves
journal, February 2020
- Kawaguchi, Kyohei; Shibata, Masaru; Tanaka, Masaomi
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
Gamma Rays from Kilonova: A Potential Probe of r -process Nucleosynthesis
journal, February 2020
- Korobkin, Oleg; Hungerford, Aimee M.; Fryer, Christopher L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2