Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence
Abstract
The deployment of multiple high-resolution, spatially localized fluctuation diagnostics on the DIII-D tokamak opens the door to a new level of core turbulence model validation. Toward this end, the implementation of synthetic diagnostics that model physical beam emission spectroscopy and correlation electron cyclotron emission diagnostics is presented. Initial results from their applications to local gyrokinetic simulations of two locations in a DIII-D L-mode discharge performed with the GYRO code are also discussed. At normalized toroidal flux ρ = 0.5, we find very good agreement between experiment and simulation in both the energy flows and fluctuation levels measured by both diagnostics. However, at ρ = 0.75, GYRO underpredicts the observed energy flows by roughly a factor of 7, with rms fluctuation levels underpredicted by a factor of 3. Interestingly, at both locations we find good agreement in the shapes of the radial and vertical density correlation functions and in the shapes of the frequency power spectra. Here, at both locations, the attenuation of the GYRO-predicted fluctuations due to the spatial averaging imposed by the diagnostics’ spot sizes is significant, and its incorporation via the use of synthetic diagnostics is shown to be essential for quantitative comparisons such as these.
- Authors:
- Univ. of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI (United States)
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States); UT-Battelle LLC/ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States); Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1564654
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725; FG02-07ER54917; FG02-89ER53296; FG03-01ER54615; FG03-95ER54309
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physics of Plasmas
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 16; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Physics
Citation Formats
Holland, C., White, A. E., McKee, G. R., Shafer, M. W., Candy, J., Waltz, R. E., Schmitz, L., and Tynan, G. R. Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence. United States: N. p., 2009.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.3085792.
Holland, C., White, A. E., McKee, G. R., Shafer, M. W., Candy, J., Waltz, R. E., Schmitz, L., & Tynan, G. R. Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence. United States. doi:10.1063/1.3085792.
Holland, C., White, A. E., McKee, G. R., Shafer, M. W., Candy, J., Waltz, R. E., Schmitz, L., and Tynan, G. R. Fri .
"Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence". United States. doi:10.1063/1.3085792. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1564654.
@article{osti_1564654,
title = {Implementation and application of two synthetic diagnostics for validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence},
author = {Holland, C. and White, A. E. and McKee, G. R. and Shafer, M. W. and Candy, J. and Waltz, R. E. and Schmitz, L. and Tynan, G. R.},
abstractNote = {The deployment of multiple high-resolution, spatially localized fluctuation diagnostics on the DIII-D tokamak opens the door to a new level of core turbulence model validation. Toward this end, the implementation of synthetic diagnostics that model physical beam emission spectroscopy and correlation electron cyclotron emission diagnostics is presented. Initial results from their applications to local gyrokinetic simulations of two locations in a DIII-D L-mode discharge performed with the GYRO code are also discussed. At normalized toroidal flux ρ = 0.5, we find very good agreement between experiment and simulation in both the energy flows and fluctuation levels measured by both diagnostics. However, at ρ = 0.75, GYRO underpredicts the observed energy flows by roughly a factor of 7, with rms fluctuation levels underpredicted by a factor of 3. Interestingly, at both locations we find good agreement in the shapes of the radial and vertical density correlation functions and in the shapes of the frequency power spectra. Here, at both locations, the attenuation of the GYRO-predicted fluctuations due to the spatial averaging imposed by the diagnostics’ spot sizes is significant, and its incorporation via the use of synthetic diagnostics is shown to be essential for quantitative comparisons such as these.},
doi = {10.1063/1.3085792},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 5,
volume = 16,
place = {United States},
year = {2009},
month = {5}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Validating simulations of core tokamak turbulence: current status and future directions
journal, July 2008
- Holland, C.; Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 125
An Eulerian gyrokinetic-Maxwell solver
journal, April 2003
- Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 186, Issue 2
Zonal-Flow Dynamics and Size Scaling of Anomalous Transport
journal, February 2004
- Chen, Liu; White, Roscoe B.; Zonca, F.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 7
Flow shear induced fluctuation suppression in finite aspect ratio shaped tokamak plasma
journal, May 1995
- Hahm, T. S.; Burrell, K. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 2, Issue 5
Three‐dimensional fluid simulations of the nonlinear drift‐resistive ballooning modes in tokamak edge plasmas
journal, October 1993
- Guzdar, P. N.; Drake, J. F.; McCarthy, D.
- Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 10
On the dynamics of edge-core coupling
journal, September 2005
- Hahm, T. S.; Diamond, P. H.; Lin, Z.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 9
Radial propagation of turbulence in tokamaks
journal, July 1994
- Garbet, X.; Laurent, L.; Samain, A.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 34, Issue 7
Plasma Turbulence Imaging via Beam Emission Spectroscopy in the Core of the DIII-D Tokamak
journal, January 2007
- McKEE, George R.; Fonck, Raymond J.; Gupta, Deepak K.
- Plasma and Fusion Research, Vol. 2
Spatial transfer function for the beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic on DIII-D
journal, October 2006
- Shafer, M. W.; Fonck, R. J.; McKee, G. R.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10
Edge gyrokinetic theory and continuum simulations
journal, July 2007
- Xu, X. Q.; Xiong, Z.; Dorr, M. R.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 8
Numerical study of neoclassical plasma pedestal in a tokamak geometry
journal, May 2004
- Chang, C. S.; Ku, Seunghoe; Weitzner, H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 5
Foundations of nonlinear gyrokinetic theory
journal, April 2007
- Brizard, A. J.; Hahm, T. S.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 2
Computational design for long-term numerical integration of the equations of fluid motion: Two-dimensional incompressible flow. Part I
journal, August 1966
- Arakawa, Akio
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Gyrokinetic simulations of off-axis minimum-q profile corrugations
journal, May 2006
- Waltz, R. E.; Austin, M. E.; Burrell, K. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 5
A design retrospective of the DIII-D tokamak
journal, May 2002
- Luxon, J. L.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 42, Issue 5
Experimental measurement of three‐wave coupling and energy cascading
journal, January 1989
- Ritz, Ch. P.; Powers, E. J.; Bengtson, R. D.
- Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Evolution of transport through the L-H transition in JET
journal, May 1995
- Cordey, J. G.; Muir, D. G.; Parail, V. V.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue 5
Dynamics of axisymmetric and poloidal flows in tokamaks
journal, January 1999
- Hinton, F. L.; Rosenbluth, M. N.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 41, Issue 3A
System for simulating fluctuation diagnostics for application to turbulence computations
journal, January 2006
- Bravenec, R. V.; Nevins, W. M.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 1
Anomalous Transport Scaling in the DIII-D Tokamak Matched by Supercomputer Simulation
journal, July 2003
- Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 4
Drift waves and transport
journal, April 1999
- Horton, W.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 71, Issue 3
Linearized gyro-kinetic equation with collisions
journal, January 1977
- Catto, P. J.; Tsang, K. T.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 20, Issue 3
Turbulence spreading into the linearly stable zone and transport scaling
journal, April 2004
- Hahm, T. S.; Diamond, P. H.; Lin, Z.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 46, Issue 5A
Measurements of core electron temperature and density fluctuations in DIII-D and comparison to nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations
journal, May 2008
- White, A. E.; Schmitz, L.; McKee, G. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 5
On the dynamics of turbulent transport near marginal stability
journal, October 1995
- Diamond, P. H.; Hahm, T. S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 2, Issue 10
Heuristic theory of nonlocally broken gyro-Bohm scaling
journal, July 2005
- Waltz, R. E.; Candy, J.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 7
Validation in fusion research: Towards guidelines and best practices
journal, June 2008
- Terry, P. W.; Greenwald, M.; Leboeuf, J. -N.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Zonal flows in plasma—a review
journal, April 2005
- Diamond, P. H.; Itoh, S-I; Itoh, K.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 5
Ion temperature gradient turbulence simulations and plasma flux surface shape
journal, November 1999
- Waltz, R. E.; Miller, R. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 11
The local limit of global gyrokinetic simulations
journal, May 2004
- Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E.; Dorland, W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 5
Millimeter-wave backscatter diagnostic for the study of short scale length plasma fluctuations (invited)
journal, October 2006
- Rhodes, T. L.; Peebles, W. A.; Nguyen, X.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10
Comparisons and physics basis of tokamak transport models and turbulence simulations
journal, March 2000
- Dimits, A. M.; Bateman, G.; Beer, M. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 3
Projected profile similarity in gyrokinetic simulations of Bohm and gyro-Bohm scaled DIII-D L and H modes
journal, July 2006
- Waltz, R. E.; Candy, J.; Petty, C. C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 7
Noncircular, finite aspect ratio, local equilibrium model
journal, April 1998
- Miller, R. L.; Chu, M. S.; Greene, J. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Quantitative density fluctuation measurements utilizing quadrature reflectometers on DIII-D
journal, August 2006
- Wang, G.; Peebles, W. A.; Rhodes, T. L.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 46, Issue 9
Zonal-flow-driven nonlinear energy transfer in experiment and simulation
journal, May 2007
- Holland, C.; Tynan, G. R.; Fonck, R. J.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 5
Chapter 1: Overview and summary
journal, June 2007
- Shimada, M.; Campbell, D. J.; Mukhovatov, V.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 6
Ion collection by a sphere in a flowing plasma: 2. non-zero Debye length
journal, July 2003
- Hutchinson, I. H.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 45, Issue 8
Chapter 2: Plasma confinement and transport
journal, June 2007
- Physics), E. J. Doyle (Chair Transport; Modelling), W. A. Houlberg (Chair Confinement Da; Edge), Y. Kamada (Chair Pedestal and
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 6
Geodesic Acoustic Waves in Hydromagnetic Systems
journal, January 1968
- Winsor, Niels
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 11, Issue 11
Dynamics of turbulence spreading in magnetically confined plasmas
journal, March 2005
- Gürcan, Ö. D.; Diamond, P. H.; Hahm, T. S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 3