The global star formation law by supernova feedback
Abstract
ABSTRACT We address a simple model where the Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) relation between the macroscopic densities of star formation rate (SFR, ρsfr) and gas (n) in galactic discs emerges from self-regulation of the SFR via supernova feedback. It arises from the physics of supernova bubbles, insensitive to the microscopic SFR recipe and not explicitly dependent on gravity. The key is that the filling factor of SFR-suppressed supernova bubbles self-regulates to a constant, f ∼ 0.5. Expressing the bubble fading radius and time in terms of n, the filling factor is $$f\propto S\, n^{-s}$$ with s ≃ 1.5, where S is the supernova rate density. A constant f thus refers to ρsfr ∝ n1.5, with a density-independent SFR efficiency per free-fall time ∼0.01. The self-regulation to f ∼ 0.5 and the convergence to a KS relation independent of the local SFR recipe are demonstrated in cosmological and isolated-galaxy simulations using different codes and recipes. In parallel, the spherical analysis of bubble evolution is generalized to clustered supernovae, analytically and via simulations, yielding s ≃ 1.5 ± 0.5. An analysis of photoionized bubbles about pre-supernova stars yields a range of KS slopes but the KS relation is dominated by the supernova bubbles. Superbubble blowouts may lead to an alternative self-regulation by outflows and recycling. While the model is oversimplified, its simplicity and validity in the simulations may argue that it captures the origin of the KS relation.
- Authors:
-
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, SCIPP, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Laboratoire AIM Paris-Saclay, CEA/IRFU/SAp, Universite Paris Diderot, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia
- Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Vibenshuset, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Physics Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1564329
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1577796
- Report Number(s):
- arXiv:1903.00962v1
Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AST-1405962
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 488 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; stars: formation; supernovae; general; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: ISM
Citation Formats
Dekel, Avishai, Sarkar, Kartick C., Jiang, Fangzhou, Bournaud, Frederic, Krumholz, Mark R., Ceverino, Daniel, and Primack, Joel R. The global star formation law by supernova feedback. United Kingdom: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1919.
Dekel, Avishai, Sarkar, Kartick C., Jiang, Fangzhou, Bournaud, Frederic, Krumholz, Mark R., Ceverino, Daniel, & Primack, Joel R. The global star formation law by supernova feedback. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1919
Dekel, Avishai, Sarkar, Kartick C., Jiang, Fangzhou, Bournaud, Frederic, Krumholz, Mark R., Ceverino, Daniel, and Primack, Joel R. Mon .
"The global star formation law by supernova feedback". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1919.
@article{osti_1564329,
title = {The global star formation law by supernova feedback},
author = {Dekel, Avishai and Sarkar, Kartick C. and Jiang, Fangzhou and Bournaud, Frederic and Krumholz, Mark R. and Ceverino, Daniel and Primack, Joel R.},
abstractNote = {ABSTRACT We address a simple model where the Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) relation between the macroscopic densities of star formation rate (SFR, ρsfr) and gas (n) in galactic discs emerges from self-regulation of the SFR via supernova feedback. It arises from the physics of supernova bubbles, insensitive to the microscopic SFR recipe and not explicitly dependent on gravity. The key is that the filling factor of SFR-suppressed supernova bubbles self-regulates to a constant, f ∼ 0.5. Expressing the bubble fading radius and time in terms of n, the filling factor is $f\propto S\, n^{-s}$ with s ≃ 1.5, where S is the supernova rate density. A constant f thus refers to ρsfr ∝ n1.5, with a density-independent SFR efficiency per free-fall time ∼0.01. The self-regulation to f ∼ 0.5 and the convergence to a KS relation independent of the local SFR recipe are demonstrated in cosmological and isolated-galaxy simulations using different codes and recipes. In parallel, the spherical analysis of bubble evolution is generalized to clustered supernovae, analytically and via simulations, yielding s ≃ 1.5 ± 0.5. An analysis of photoionized bubbles about pre-supernova stars yields a range of KS slopes but the KS relation is dominated by the supernova bubbles. Superbubble blowouts may lead to an alternative self-regulation by outflows and recycling. While the model is oversimplified, its simplicity and validity in the simulations may argue that it captures the origin of the KS relation.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz1919},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 4,
volume = 488,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1919
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

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Radiative feedback and the low efficiency of galaxy formation in low-mass haloes at high redshift
journal, June 2014
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- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 442, Issue 2
A Universal, Local star Formation law in Galactic Clouds, Nearby Galaxies, High-Redshift Disks, and Starbursts
journal, December 2011
- Krumholz, Mark R.; Dekel, Avishai; McKee, Christopher F.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 745, Issue 1
Numerical simulations of radiatively driven dusty winds
journal, July 2013
- Krumholz, Mark R.; Thompson, Todd A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 434, Issue 3
Adaptive Refinement Tree: A New High‐Resolution N ‐Body Code for Cosmological Simulations
journal, July 1997
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The Structure of Dark Matter Halos in Dwarf Galaxies
journal, July 1995
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Observational Evidence of Dynamic star Formation rate in Milky way Giant Molecular Clouds
journal, December 2016
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The origin of dwarf galaxies, cold dark matter, and biased galaxy formation
journal, April 1986
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Star formation and clumps in cosmological galaxy simulations with radiation pressure feedback
journal, August 2014
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A sub-parsec resolution simulation of the Milky Way: global structure of the interstellar medium and properties of molecular clouds
journal, October 2013
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The Driving Mechanism of Starbursts in Galaxy Mergers
journal, August 2010
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Toy models for galaxy formation versus simulations
journal, August 2013
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The delay-time distribution of Type Ia supernovae from Sloan II: SDSS2 supernova DTD
journal, October 2012
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The Second Survey of the Molecular Clouds in the Large Magellanic Cloud by Nanten. ii. star Formation
journal, August 2009
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Global simulations of galactic discs: violent feedback from clustered supernovae during bursts of star formation
journal, December 2019
- Martizzi, Davide
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 1
Momentum injection by clustered supernovae: testing subgrid feedback prescriptions
journal, December 2019
- Gentry, Eric S.; Madau, Piero; Krumholz, Mark R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 1
Radio haloes of star-forming galaxies
journal, December 2019
- Vijayan, Aditi; Nath, Biman B.; Sharma, Prateek
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 2
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